Tipping induced by multiplexing on two layer networks

We report the study of sudden transitions or tipping in a collection of systems induced due to multiplexing with another network of systems. The emergent dynamics of oscillators on one layer can undergo a sudden transition to steady state due to indirect coupling with a shared environment, mean field couplings and conjugate couplings among them. In all these cases, when multiplexed with another set of similar systems, the tipping phenomena is induced on the second layer also with a similar pattern of behaviour. We consider van der Pol oscillator as nodal dynamics with various network topologies like scale free and regular networks with local and nonlocal couplings. We also report how the coupling topology influences the nature of transitions on both layers, under multiplexing.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figure

A comparative study of tapentadol versus tramadol in the treatment of low back pain

Background: Nontraumatic musculoskeletal disorders are the main reason for presentation to the emergency department with Rachialgia being the most common reason to request medical assessment among them. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, parallel group open labelled study conducted in a district level tertiary care hospital attached to a medical teaching institute. Patients were randomized into two groups. Group I (63 patients) received tablet tramadol 50 mg twice daily orally and group II (63 patients) received tablet tapentadol 50 mg twice daily orally.Results: The mean age of the patients of group I was 40.6±9.6 years and in the group II was 42.7±10.6 years. A total of 61 males participated in the study of which 31 males were enrolled in group I and 30 in group II while 65 females participated in the study of which 32 females were enrolled in group I and 33 in group II. The mean reduction of pain intensity VAS score at the end of 4 weeks from baseline in group I and group II were 34.57 and 37.55 respectively. The difference in the mean reduction of pain intensity VAS between the two groups was not statistically significant.Conclusions: We conclude that both the drugs show significant reduction in the pain intensity in moderate to severe CLBP patients. Tapentadol is as efficacious as tramadol in moderate to severe CLBP. However, tapentadol is better tolerated than tramadol

Study of prevalence of maternal anaemia and its fetal outcome at rural tertiary care centre

Background: Anaemia is a major public health problem especially among low socioeconomic class of the population in developing countries. Prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in developing countries is 51%. Anaemia is defined by the WHO as haemoglobin levels of less than 11 gm. %   in pregnancy. The present study was aimed to find out prevalence of anaemia in rural tertiary care centre to see the foetal outcome in anaemic women.Methods: This is a retrospective observational study done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of medical sciences Saifai, Etawah from June 2017 to November 2017. All the women admitted to labour room in third trimester and delivered here were included in the study excluding the patients with pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, heart disease, patients with other medical disorders and patients with twin pregnancy, antepartum haemorrhage and the patients who did not deliver here.Results: Prevalence of anaemia was 87.3 %. severe anaemia was found in 3.5 % women. The percentage of preterm births was more in anaemic women that is 16.9 %.Conclusions: Anaemia in pregnancy is a major public health problem in India. The number of IUGR and LBW babies were more in anaemic women. Anaemia is related to serious consequences in mother and baby if not diagnosed and treated timely. It can be prevented by increasing the awareness regarding need of iron intake during pregnancy

Mercury or Mercury Free Restorations in Oral Cavity

Amalgam is basically a concoction of metals that has been used as a potent filling material in dentistry for the last 150 years. Amalgam usually consists of silver, mercury, tin and copper. Dental amalgam is a material used to fill cavities of tooth. Over the years, amalgam has become a topic of concern because it contains mercury. Mercury is a naturally occurring metal in the environment. Mercury exists as a liquid in room temperature but when heated, it becomes a gas. Flexibility of amalgam as a filling material is due Mercury. An alloy powder, a compound that is soft in nature when mixed with mercury makes it enough to mix and condense into the tooth. It hardens quickly and offers strong resistance to the forces of biting and chewing. There are studies reported on the safety of amalgam fillings. In 2005, European Union launched a comprehensive mercury strategy to reduce use of mercury. In 2008, countries like Norway and Denmark restricted the use of dental amalgam containing mercury. In 2009, this research was evaluated by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and found no rationale to limit the use of amalgam.  There are certain restorative materials that are available commercially that are mercury free in nature like Gold, Porcelain, Gallium alloys, Composite resin restoratives etc. They offer many advantages over amalgams containing mercury like: seals the dentin from future decay, reinforces remaining tooth structure, provides smooth and bonded margins, conservative and it blends naturally

Explosive death induced by mean–field diffusion in identical oscillators

We report the occurrence of an explosive death transition for the first time in an ensemble of identical limit cycle and chaotic oscillators coupled via mean–field diffusion. In both systems, the variation of the normalized amplitude with the coupling strength exhibits an abrupt and irreversible transition to death state from an oscillatory state and this first order phase transition to death state is independent of the size of the system. This transition is quite general and has been found in all the coupled systems where in–phase oscillations co–exist with a coupling dependent homogeneous steady state. The backward transition point for this phase transition has been calculated using linear stability analysis which is in complete agreement with the numerics

Investigating the Association Between Serum Vitamin D Deficiency and Idiopathic Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Background: It is suggested that there is a positive association between vitamin D deficiency and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). We suggest, as a hypothesis, there is a positive association between vitamin D deficiency and BPPV. The current study aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D levels and BPPV.Methods: The present observational case-control study was planned and conducted on 100 participants (50 cases and 50 controls) in the Department of Neurology, Choithram Hospital & Research Center (CHRC), Indore, MP, India, from January 2018 to December 2018. All consecutive patients with diagnosis of idiopathic BPPV who were above the age of 18 years with a negative neurological status were included. Analyses were performed using SPSS software version 10. Results: BPPV was more common among those aged 50 to 70 years (64%). Out of 100 participants, 72 (72%) had vitamin D deficiency, in which 40 (80%) were cases and 32 (64%) were controls. 32 (64%) patients had posterior canal involved, out of them 20 (40%) were females and 12 (24%) were males, and in both groups posterior canal was more involved. Canal involvement according to gender was not statistically significant (P value=0.45). Mean vitamin D level for cases and controls was 34.9 and 46.5 nmol/L, respectively, and this difference was statically very significant with a p-value of 0.01 (P value < 0.05).Conclusion: According to the findings, there is a statistically significant association between vitamin D3 deficiency and Idiopathic BPPV. It can be noted that vitamin D3 deficiency may be a risk factor for the BPPV

SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF NOVEL IMIDAZOLE BASED COMPOUNDS

Objective: Some new imidazole derivatives (3i-xii) were synthesized as per design synthetic protocol scheme. The structures of newly prepared compounds were confirmed by modern analytical technique and elemental analysis. Methods: All the synthetic compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity against bacterial results showed good to remarkable activity. The MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) values were determined by comparison to ciprofloxacin (anti-bacterial) and fluconazole (anti-fungal) as standard drug. Among them, compound 3iv and 3x exhibited notable antimicrobial activity. These compounds may be used as new template for the searching of potential antimicrobial agents. Results: The purity of the compound was verified with the help of TLC (B: A, 9:1). % age of yield was found 83% and melting point noted 151-1520C. Compounds (3ii, 3viii and 3ix) were shown moderate activity against E. coli, S. aureus, M. luteus and K. pneumonia, whereas compounds (3iii, 3vii, 3xi and 3xii) showed mild activity against few bacterial strainsμg/ml.  The compounds of electron releasing imidazole derivatives (3ii, 3iv, 3viii, 3ix, 3x and xi) presented comparatively better anti-fungal activity than the compounds of electron withdrawing imidazole derivatives (3iii, 3vii and 3xii). Conclusion: The biological activity result revealed that all the newly synthetic compounds 3i-xii [4-(biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(substituted phenyl)-1H-imidazole] exhibited better antibacterial activity as compared to antifungal activity in compare to reference drug.        Peer Review History: Received 7 February 2017;   Revised 11 March; Accepted 13 March, Available online 15 March 2017 Academic Editor: Dr. Asia Selman Abdullah, Al-Razi university, Department of Pharmacy, Yemen, [email protected] UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file:        Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.5/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. Emmanuel O. Olorunsola, Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Uyo, Nigeria, [email protected] Dr. Xinwei Li, Jilin University, China, [email protected] This article has been cited by: Recent developments in orally disintegrating mini tablets Sachin Sarashetti, Vikas Jain, Gowda D V, Pooja Mallya, Satish Babu. International journal of research in pharmaceutical sciences 2020, 11(3), 3606-3612. Pubme