Estimulaçao VDD com Cabo Unico

Com o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência da estimulaçao sincrônica VDD com cabo único, sao analisados 30 pacientes, 18 do sexo feminino e 12 do masculino, com idades entre 43 e 83 anos. Todos apresentavam funçao sinusal normal com bloqueio atrioventricular de 2º grau (5 casos) ou total (25 casos), sendo utilizados marcapassos VDD com cabos únicos quadripolares, num seguimento médio de 17,2 ± 8,5 meses. Avaliou-se a confiabilidade do procedimento pela captaçao da atividade atrial e pela mensuraçao da onda P em 8 posiçoes e/ou decúbitos, e a sua eficiência pela verificaçao da elevaçao da freqüência de estimulaçao constatada no Holter. A estimulaçao VDD foi inefetiva em apenas um paciente (3,3%), tendo nos demais confiabilidade de 96,1%, e elevado a freqüência de 68 a 130%, com manutençao do sincronismo atrioventricular. Por ser confiável, eficiente e apresentar resposta de freqüência com manutençao do sincronismo AV, a estimulaçao VDD deve ser recomendada, nos pacientes com funçao sinusal nornal, em substituiçao à VVI e VVI.R

Estimulaçao VDD com Cabo Unico

Com o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência da estimulaçao sincrônica VDD com cabo único, sao analisados 30 pacientes, 18 do sexo feminino e 12 do masculino, com idades entre 43 e 83 anos. Todos apresentavam funçao sinusal normal com bloqueio atrioventricular de 2º grau (5 casos) ou total (25 casos), sendo utilizados marcapassos VDD com cabos únicos quadripolares, num seguimento médio de 17,2 ± 8,5 meses. Avaliou-se a confiabilidade do procedimento pela captaçao da atividade atrial e pela mensuraçao da onda P em 8 posiçoes e/ou decúbitos, e a sua eficiência pela verificaçao da elevaçao da freqüência de estimulaçao constatada no Holter. A estimulaçao VDD foi inefetiva em apenas um paciente (3,3%), tendo nos demais confiabilidade de 96,1%, e elevado a freqüência de 68 a 130%, com manutençao do sincronismo atrioventricular. Por ser confiável, eficiente e apresentar resposta de freqüência com manutençao do sincronismo AV, a estimulaçao VDD deve ser recomendada, nos pacientes com funçao sinusal nornal, em substituiçao à VVI e VVI.R

UM BORDADO A MÚLTIPLAS MÃOS: uma análise da construção do espetáculo A Primeira Vista e a relação híbrida entre os profissionais envolvidos

O presente artigo busca, por meio de uma reflexão crítica do processo de montagem do espetáculo A primeira vista, discutir a hibridização das partes que compõem uma obra de teatro. Para tanto, deu-se ênfase ao processo de construção da narrativa a partir da imagem. Desde aquela presente no discurso que origina a necessidade de realização da obra, permeando a criação corporal das intérpretes, até a fisicalização da imagem com a integração das partes do espetáculo, nesse caso, em foco, a iluminação. Discutem-se, assim, questões de lugar de fala em um espetáculo teatral, e questiona-se a autoria do discurso. A partir da perspectiva da direção, da atuação e da iluminação, este trabalho visa, partindo das experiências, evidenciar a construção coletiva de uma obra elaborada por diversos profissionais, na qual ecoam diversas vozes e desejos, trabalhando em comum acordo para a consolidação e efetivação de um discurso integrado. Após análise dos relatos de experiência, concluiu-se que essa montagem constitui-se como uma obra polifônica e coletiva, com a inclusão de perspectivas diversas ao discurso original. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Imagem. Polifonia. Narrativa. Lugar de fala. Hibridização

Particulate Matter Exposure During Perinatal Life Results in Impaired Glucose Metabolism in Adult Male Rat Offspring

Background/Aims: Particulate matter (PM) is an important risk factor for immunological system imbalance due to its small size, which can reach more distal regions of the respiratory tract, independently of its chemical composition. Some studies have suggested that PM exposure is associated with an increased incidence of diabetes, especially in industrialized urban regions. However, studies regarding the effects of PM exposure during perinatal life on glucose metabolism are limited. We tested whether exposure to PM from an urban area with poor air quality during pregnancy and lactation could cause short- and long-term dysfunction in rat offspring. Methods: Samples of < 10 µm PM were collected in an urban area of Cotonou, Benin (West Africa), and reconstituted in corn oil. Pregnant Wistar rats received 50 µg PM/day by gavage until the end of lactation. After birth, we analyzed the dams’ biochemical parameters as well as those of their male offspring at 21 and 90 days of age. Results: The results showed that PM exposure did not lead to several consequences in dams; however, the male offspring of both ages presented an increase of approximately 15% in body weight. Although the blood glucose levels remained unchanged, the insulin levels were increased 2.5- and 2-fold in PM exposure groups of both ages, respectively. HOMA-IR and HOMA-β were also increased at both ages. We also demonstrated that the number, islet area and insulin immunodensity of pancreatic islets were significantly increased at both ages from PM exposure. Conclusion: Our data show that chronic PM exposure by the oral route during perinatal life in rats leads to glucose dyshomeostasis in male offspring both in early and later life. Thus, we suggest that an ambience with poor air quality, mainly where traffic is dense, can contribute to an increase in metabolic disease incidence

Orientações para Realização de Exames de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear em Pacientes com Dispositivos Eletrônicos Cardíacos

Estima-se que até 75% dos pacientes com dispositivos cardíacos eletrônicos implantáveis (DCEIs) terão indicação de exame de ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) ao longo da vida. Pelas características dos dispositivos, esses foram excluídos historicamente do rol de pacientes considerados elegíveis ao exame

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

Aim: Amazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types. Location: Amazonia. Taxon: Angiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots). Methods: Data for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega-phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran\u27s eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny. Results: In the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white-sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R$^{2}$ = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R$^{2}$ = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types. Main Conclusion: Numerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long-standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

AimAmazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types.LocationAmazonia.TaxonAngiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots).MethodsData for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega-phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran's eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny.ResultsIn the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white-sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R2 = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R2 = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types.Main ConclusionNumerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long-standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions

Geographic patterns of tree dispersal modes in Amazonia and their ecological correlates

Aim: To investigate the geographic patterns and ecological correlates in the geographic distribution of the most common tree dispersal modes in Amazonia (endozoochory, synzoochory, anemochory and hydrochory). We examined if the proportional abundance of these dispersal modes could be explained by the availability of dispersal agents (disperser-availability hypothesis) and/or the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits (resource-availability hypothesis). Time period: Tree-inventory plots established between 1934 and 2019. Major taxa studied: Trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 9.55 cm. Location: Amazonia, here defined as the lowland rain forests of the Amazon River basin and the Guiana Shield. Methods: We assigned dispersal modes to a total of 5433 species and morphospecies within 1877 tree-inventory plots across terra-firme, seasonally flooded, and permanently flooded forests. We investigated geographic patterns in the proportional abundance of dispersal modes. We performed an abundance-weighted mean pairwise distance (MPD) test and fit generalized linear models (GLMs) to explain the geographic distribution of dispersal modes. Results: Anemochory was significantly, positively associated with mean annual wind speed, and hydrochory was significantly higher in flooded forests. Dispersal modes did not consistently show significant associations with the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits. A lower dissimilarity in dispersal modes, resulting from a higher dominance of endozoochory, occurred in terra-firme forests (excluding podzols) compared to flooded forests. Main conclusions: The disperser-availability hypothesis was well supported for abiotic dispersal modes (anemochory and hydrochory). The availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits seems an unlikely explanation for the distribution of dispersal modes in Amazonia. The association between frugivores and the proportional abundance of zoochory requires further research, as tree recruitment not only depends on dispersal vectors but also on conditions that favour or limit seedling recruitment across forest types