The prevalence and molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium spp. in small ruminants in Zambia

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The intestinal expulsion of the roundworm Ascaris suum is associated with eosinophils, intra-epithelial T cells and decreased intestinal transit time

Ascaris lumbricoides remains the most common endoparasite in humans, yet there is still very little information available about the immunological principles of protection, especially those directed against larval stages. Due to the natural host-parasite relationship, pigs infected with A. suum make an excellent model to study the mechanisms of protection against this nematode. In pigs, a self-cure reaction eliminates most larvae from the small intestine between 14 and 21 days post infection. In this study, we investigated the mucosal immune response leading to the expulsion of A. suum and the contribution of the hepato-tracheal migration. Self-cure was independent of previous passage through the liver or lungs, as infection with lung stage larvae did not impair self-cure. When animals were infected with 14-day-old intestinal larvae, the larvae were being driven distally in the small intestine around 7 days post infection but by 18 days post infection they re-inhabited the proximal part of the small intestine, indicating that more developed larvae can counter the expulsion mechanism. Self-cure was consistently associated with eosinophilia and intra-epithelial T cells in the jejunum. Furthermore, we identified increased gut movement as a possible mechanism of self-cure as the small intestinal transit time was markedly decreased at the time of expulsion of the worms. Taken together, these results shed new light on the mechanisms of self-cure that occur during A. suum infections

Epidemiological Interactions between Urogenital and Intestinal Human Schistosomiasis in the Context of Praziquantel Treatment across Three West African Countries

© 2015 Knowles et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The attached file is the published version of the article

CoMix: comparing mixing patterns in the Belgian population during and after lockdown.

The COVID-19 pandemic has shown how a newly emergent communicable disease can lay considerable burden on public health. To avoid system collapse, governments have resorted to several social distancing measures. In Belgium, this included a lockdown and a following period of phased re-opening. A representative sample of Belgian adults was asked about their contact behaviour from mid-April to the beginning of August, during different stages of the intervention measures in Belgium. Use of personal protection equipment (face masks) and compliance to hygienic measures was also reported. We estimated the expected reproduction number computing the ratio of [Formula: see text] with respect to pre-pandemic data. During the first two waves (the first month) of the survey, the reduction in the average number of contacts was around 80% and was quite consistent across all age-classes. The average number of contacts increased over time, particularly for the younger age classes, still remaining significantly lower than pre-pandemic values. From the end of May to the end of July , the estimated reproduction number has a median value larger than one, although with a wide dispersion. Estimated [Formula: see text] fell below one again at the beginning of August. We have shown how a rapidly deployed survey can measure compliance to social distancing and assess its impact on COVID-19 spread. Monitoring the effectiveness of social distancing recommendations is of paramount importance to avoid further waves of COVID-19

Presenter: The Umsiedlung of families of Luxembourgish recruits during the Nazi occupation (1942–1945)

R-AGR-3677 - C19/SC/13714130-WARLUX (15/03/2020 - 14/03/2023) - SCUTO Deni

Gathering in Schifflange in the context of the WARLUX project

R-AGR-3677 - C19/SC/13714130-WARLUX (15/03/2020 - 14/03/2023) - SCUTO Deni

Presenter: Families of Luxembourgish soldiers during the Nazi occupation and the impact of local authorities and NS-organizations on their everyday life

R-AGR-3677 - C19/SC/13714130-WARLUX (15/03/2020 - 14/03/2023) - SCUTO Deni

Presenter: Sippenhaft and Umsiedlung - Consequences of desertion on families of Luxembourgish recruits (1942-1945)

R-AGR-3677 - C19/SC/13714130-WARLUX (15/03/2020 - 14/03/2023) - SCUTO Deni

The conscription of non-German men and women into the Wehrmacht and Reichsarbeitsdienst (1938-1945)

R-AGR-3677 - C19/SC/13714130-WARLUX (15/03/2020 - 14/03/2023) - SCUTO Deni

Presenter: Researching the impacts of conscription on Luxembourgish families during WWII - a case-study on the consequences of desertion and draft evasion

R-AGR-3677 - C19/SC/13714130-WARLUX (15/03/2020 - 14/03/2023) - SCUTO Deni