The historical geological cartography: from digital archive to WebGIS environment

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Regulatory Clearance and Approval of Therapeutic Protocols of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Psychiatric Disorders

Funding Information: G.C. was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT; Portugal) through a PhD scholarship (SFRH/BD/130210/2017. G.C. and A.J.O.-M. were supported by grant PTDC/MED-NEU/31331/2017 from FCT. A.J.O.-M. was supported by grant PTDC/MEC-PSQ/30302/2017-IC&DT-LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER, funded by national funds from FCT and co-funded by FEDER, under the Partnership Agreement Lisboa 2020—Programa Operacional Regional de Lisboa, and by a Starting Grant from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (grant agreement no. 950357). A.J.O.-M. was also supported by the BOUNCE project (grant agreement no. 777167) and by the FAITH project (grant agreement no. 875358), both funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme. The content of this study is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia or the European Research Council. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques (NIBS) have been widely used in both clinical and research contexts in neuropsychiatry. They are safe and well-tolerated, making NIBS an interest-ing option for application in different settings. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is one of these strategies. It uses electromagnetic pulses for focal modulate ion of neuronal activity in brain cortical regions. When pulses are applied repeatedly (repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation—rTMS), they are thought to induce long-lasting neuroplastic effects, proposed to be a therapeutic mechanism for rTMS, with efficacy and safety initially demonstrated for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Since then, many rTMS treatment protocols emerged for other difficult to treat psychiatric conditions. Moreover, multiple clinical studies, including large multi-center trials and several meta-analyses, have confirmed its clinical efficacy in different neuropsychiatric disorders, resulting in evidence-based guidelines and recommendations. Currently, rTMS is cleared by multiple regulatory agencies for the treatment of TRD, depression with comorbid anxiety disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, and substance use disorders, such as smoking cessation. Importantly, current research supports the potential future use of rTMS for other psychiatric syndromes, including the negative symptoms of schizophrenia and post-traumatic stress disorder. More precise knowledge of formal indications for rTMS therapeutic use in psychiatry is critical to enhance clinical decision making in this area.publishersversionpublishe

Ocorrência e fatores associados à depressão pós parto em uma área urbana do Brasil

Aiming to track postpartum depression among women followed in Primary Health Care, a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were applied to 123 postpartum women between the second week and the sixth month after delivery. The frequency of postpartum depression in the sample was determined, and its association with sociodemographic variables was assessed using the chi-square test. Probable postpartum depression was identified in 19.51% of the participants, and this condition was associated with age group (36 to 44 years), age of the baby (4 or 6 months), marital status (divorced), low income and there was no association with maternal schooling. Thus, postpartum depression needs to be investigated in primary health care, paying attention to sociodemographic and individual aspects. These aspects need to be valued by nurses, who must establish a comprehensive care plan from prenatal care, to prevent this frequent puerperal disorder.Con el objetivo de rastrear la depresión pos parto entre las mujeres em Atención Primaria de Salud, se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y la Escala de Depresión Postnatal de Edimburgo a 123 puérperas entre la segunda semana y el sexto mes después del parto. Se determinó la frecuencia de depresión pos parto en la muestra y se evaluó su asociación con variables sociodemográficas mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado. Se identifico depresión posparto probable en el 19,51% de las participantes, y esta condición se asoció con el grupo de edad (36 a 44 años), edad del bebé (4 o 6 meses), estado civil (divorciada), bajos ingresos y no había asociación con la escolarización materna. Por lo tanto, la depresión del parto necesita ser investigada en la atención primaria de salud, prestando atención a los aspectos sociodemográficos e individuales. Estos aspectos necesitan ser valorados por las enfermeras, qui deben establecer un plan de cuidados integral desde el prenatal, para prevenir este frecuente trastorno puerperal.Com o objetivo de avaliar a ocorrência de depressão pós-parto e alguns fatores sociodemográficos associados, entre mulheres acompanhadas na Atenção Primária à Saúde, um questionário sociodemográfico e a Escala de Depressão Pós-parto de Edimburgo foram aplicados a 123 puérperas entre a segunda semana e o sexto mês após o parto. A frequência de depressão pós-parto na amostra foi determinada e sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas foi avaliada por meio do teste do qui-quadrado. A provável depressão pós-parto foi identificada em 19,51% das participantes, e essa condição foi associada à faixa etária (36 a 44 anos), idade do bebê (4 ou 6 meses), estado civil (divorciado), baixa renda e não houve associação com a escolaridade materna. Assim, a depressão pós-parto precisa ser investigada na atenção primária à saúde, atentando para os aspectos sociodemográficos e individuais. Esses aspectos precisam ser valorizados pelo enfermeiro, que deve estabelecer um plano assistencial integral desde o pré-natal, para prevenir esse frequente transtorno puerperal

Percepção das mulheres no município de Paulo Afonso, na Bahia, sobre as mudanças corporais e emocionais no período do climatério

This study aimed to analyze the perception of bodily and emotional changes women on perimenopause assisted in a unit of the Family Health Strategy in the municipality of Paulo Afonso, Bahia. This is a field research, exploratory, with quantitative and qualitative approach. The sample consisted of 30 women. Quantitative variables were analyzed by distribution percentages and compared in the light of current literature. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic content analysis proposed by Bardin. The results showed that 56.7% of respondents were aged between 41 and 50 years; 30% stopped menstrual cycle course for over 4 years; 100% say they do not know the term menopause. 66.6% of respondents said that the first symptoms of this stage suggest between 41 and 50, among the symptoms 86.6% of women cite hot flashes. Qualitative analysis revealed that women consider the stage as a difficult and unpleasant period because of the physical and psychological changes. It was concluded that menopause is an important period of life of women and that for most women in this study perimenopause is a period marked by negative changes.Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a percepção de mulheres assistidas em uma unidade de Estratégia de Saúde da Família localizada no município de Paulo Afonso, Bahia, acerca das mudanças corporais e emocionais no climatério. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa. A amostra foi constituída por 30 mulheres. As variáveis quantitativas foram analisadas por distribuição de porcentagem e comparadas à luz da literatura atual. Os dados qualitativos foram analisados através da análise temática de conteúdo proposta por Bardin. Os resultados evidenciaram que 100% das entrevistadas afirmaram não conhecer o termo climatério; 66,6% disseram que os primeiros sintomas desta fase sugiram entre 41 e 50 anos; entre os sintomas, 86,6% citam as ondas de calor. A análise qualitativa revelou que as mulheres consideram a fase como um período difícil e desagradável em virtude das alterações físicas e psicológicas. Concluiu-se que o climatério é um período importante da vida da mulher e que para a maioria das mulheres deste estudo o climatério é um período marcado por mudanças negativas

SOBRECARGA EM ACOMPANHANTES DE PACIENTES PSIQUIÁTRICOS INTERNADOS EM HOSPITAL GERAL

RESUMO Com o objetivo de identificar indicadores de sobrecarga referidos por cuidadores de pacientes psiquiátricos hospitalizados em um hospital geral do interior de Minas Gerais, desenvolveu-se este estudo qualitativo e descritivo, realizado durante três meses do ano de 2016, com amostra por conveniência de 10 familiares de pessoas hospitalizadas em leitos psiquiátricos. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada e os dados foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Evidenciou-se que cuidar de um familiar com transtorno mental pode desencadear abalos físicos e emocionais, bem como gerar alterações na rotina dos cuidadores durante o período de internação. Entre as perspectivas diante do cuidar de uma pessoa adoecida, destacam-se o desejo de melhora ou mesmo cura do transtorno mental, sentimento de culpa e o desejo de compartilhamento de responsabilidades na lida com o familiar com transtorno mental. Os dados obtidos indicam sobrecarga e demonstram que a família necessita de intervenções que contribuam para minimizar seu sofrimento

Characterization of the Anti-Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody Response in Nonobese Diabetic Mice

Abstract Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disorder characterized by destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells by T lymphocytes. In nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, a role has been hypothesized for dietary gluten proteins in the onset of diabetes, and because gluten dependence is the major feature of celiac disease, together with production of Abs to the autoantigen tissue transglutaminase (tTG), we looked for the presence of anti-tTG Abs in the serum of NOD mice and, to establish their origin, analyzed the Ab repertoire of NOD mice using phage display Ab libraries. We found significant levels of serum anti-tTG Abs and were able to isolate single-chain Ab fragments to mouse tTG mainly from the Ab libraries made from intestinal lymphocytes and to a lesser extent from splenocytes. Data from NOD mice on a gluten-free diet suggest that the anti-tTG response is not gluten-dependent. The intestinal Ab response to tTG is a feature of NOD mice, but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure

Diagnostic accuracy and applicability of intestinal auto-antibodies in the wide clinical spectrum of coeliac disease

BACKGROUND: Intestinal coeliac auto-antibodies are the marker of coeliac disease (CD). Since the determination of these antibodies is still not widely available, we used immunoassays to identify the most suitable technology for revealing intestinal auto-antibodies in the wide clinical spectrum of CD. METHODS: Intestinal auto-antibodies have been prospectively investigated in CD suspected children using two immunoassays: intestinal-deposits of IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies (anti-tTG) and biopsy-culture IgA anti-endomysium (AEA). Intestinal IgM antibodies have been determined in IgA-deficient subjects. FINDINGS: Two-hundred and twenty-one suspected CD patients were enrolled. Intestinal antibodies were tested positive for both assays in classical CD patients (n\u202f=\u202f178) with villous atrophy and positive serum-CD antibodies, potential CD patients (n\u202f=\u202f16) with normal intestinal mucosa and positive serum-CD antibodies, and pre-potential CD patients (n\u202f=\u202f14) with normal intestinal mucosa and negative serum-CD antibodies. In 13/221 with normal intestinal mucosa, negative CD-serum antibodies and negative intestinal antibodies CD has been excluded. All classical, 14/16 potential and 11/14 pre-potential CD patients on gluten-free diet (GFD) improved their symptoms. In 9/11 pre-potential patients intestinal antibodies disappeared on GFD. Both assays were negative in 69/71 control subjects. The two assays showed high diagnostic sensitivity (100%) and specificity (99%). INTERPRETATION: Intestinal CD-antibodies make prompt diagnosis in the wide clinical spectrum of CD reducing the delay in diagnosis and treatment, especially in pre-potential CD patients. The easy handling biopsy culture assay is an effective diagnostic tool which should be carried out by any gastroenterology unit to recognize all CD clinical manifestations