Nickel nanoparticles induces cytotoxicity, cell morphology and oxidative stress in bluegill sunfish (BF-2) cells

The rationale of the current study was to assess the suitability of BF-2 cell line as a model to assess nanotoxicity in the caudal fin cells of bluegill sunfish in vitro. The current study investigates the potential toxicity, morphological changes and oxidative stress of nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) in bluegill sunfish cells (BF-2) using mitochondrial, neutral red uptake and lactate dehydrogenase assays. Results indicated a concentration dependent cytotoxic effect after 24 h in mitochondrial, lysosomal and lactate dehydrogenase activities. BF-2 cells morphology was altered when exposed to 30 μg ml−1 concentrations of Ni NPs for 24 h. Dose dependent increase of oxidative stress was evidenced in BF-2 cells when exposed to Ni NPs, showed significant escalation in peroxidation of lipids (LPO), protein carbonyl (PC), glutathione sulfo-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) as compared to their experimental controls. However, the catalase (CAT) and total glutathione content (TGSH) was found to decrease dose dependently in BF-2 cells exposed to Ni NPs. The current study demonstrated that BF-2 cells may serve as a sensitive indicator for aquatic contaminant evaluations in toxicological research.publishe

Investigation of the effect of Au2O3 dopant on elastic properties of PbO-B2O3-SeO2: Er2O3 glass ceramics by ultrasonic techniques

Various elastic coefficients of Au2O3 doped PbO-B2O3-SeO2:Er2O3 (PBSE) glass ceramics were evaluated as functions of Au2O3 content using ultrasonic velocity measurements. The elastic coefficients and micro-hardness showed a decreasing tendency with the concentration of Au2O3. Such decrease is attributed to the increasing concentration of gold metallic particles and [SeO3]2- groups that acted as modifiers and induced imperfections in these samples. Obtained results were observed to be consistent with the conclusions drawn from spectroscopic studies that include X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), infrared (IR), photoluminescence (PL) and positron annihilation (PAL) spectroscopy studies. Overall, these studies have revealed that even though, the presence of gold metallic particles is preferable for achieving superior luminescence and electrical properties, presence of such particles caused to decrease the elastic coefficients and micro-hardness of these glass ceramics. However, when the concentration of Au2O3 is increased beyond 0.075 mol%, we have observed a slight increase of elastic coefficients and micro-hardness.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figure

A ladder coordination polymer based on Ca2+ and (4,5-dicyano-1,2-phenylene)bis(phosphonic acid): crystal structure and solution-state NMR study

The preparation of coordination polymers (CPs) based on either transition metal centres or rare-earth cations has grown considerably in recent decades. The different coordination chemistry of these metals allied to the use of a large variety of organic linkers has led to an amazing structural diversity. Most of these compounds are based on carb{\-}oxy{\-}lic acids or nitro{\-}gen-containing ligands. More recently, a wide range of mol{\-}ecules containing phospho{\-}nic acid groups have been reported. For the particular case of Ca2+-based CPs, some inter{\-}esting functional materials have been reported. A novel one-dimensional Ca2+-based coordination polymer with a new organic linker, namely poly[[di{\-}aqua[$\mu$4-(4,5-di{\-}cyano-1,2-phenyl{\-}ene)bis{\-}(phospho{\-}nato)][$\mu$3-(4,5-di{\-}cyano-1,2-phenyl{\-}ene)bis(phospho{\-}nato)]{\-}dicalcium(II)] tetra{\-}hydrate], {[Ca2(C8H4N2O6P2)2(H2O)2]{\textperiodcentered}4H2O}n, has been prepared at ambient temperature. The crystal structure features one-dimensional ladder-like $\infty$1[Ca2(H2cpp)2(H2O)2] polymers [H2cpp is (4,5-di{\-}cyano-1,2-phenyl{\-}ene)bis{\-}(phospho{\-}nate)], which are created by two distinct coordination modes of the anionic H2cpp2{\textminus} cyano{\-}phospho{\-}nate organic linkers: while one mol{\-}ecule is only bound to Ca2+ cations via the phospho{\-}nate groups, the other establishes an extra single connection via a cyano group. Ladders close pack with water mol{\-}ecules through an extensive network of strong and highly directional O{\textemdash}H⋯O and O{\textemdash}H⋯N hydrogen bonds; the observed donor{\textendash}acceptor distances range from 2.499 (5) to 3.004 (6) {\AA} and the inter{\-}action angles were found in the range 135{\textendash}178{\textdegree}. One water mol{\-}ecule was found to be disordered over three distinct crystallographic positions. A detailed solution-state NMR study of the organic linker is also provided

Crystal structure of a compact three-dimensional metal-organic framework based on Cs+ and (4,5-dicyano-1,2-phenylene)bis(phosphonic acid)

A new metal organic framework compound, poly[[ 7-dihydrogen (4,5-dicyano- 1,2-phenylene)diphosphonato](oxonium)caesium], [Cs(C8H4N2O6P2)(H3O)]n (I), based on Cs+ and the organic linker 4,5-dicyano-1,2-phenylene)bis(phosphonic acid, (H4cpp), containing two distinct coordinating functional groups, has been prepared by a simple diffusion method and its crystal structure is reported. The coordination polymeric structure is based on a CsO8N2 complex unit comprising a monodentate hydronium cation, seven O-atom donors from two phosphonium groups of the (H2cpp)2 ligand, and two N-atom donors from bridging cyano groups. The high level of connectivity from both the metal cation and the organic linker allow the formation of a compact and dense threedimensional network without any crystallization solvent. Topologically (I) is a seven-connected uninodal network with an overall Scha¨ fli symbol of {417.64}. Metal cations form an undulating inorganic layer, which is linked by strong and highly directional O H O hydrogen-bonding interactions. These metallic layers are, in turn, connected by the organic ligands along the [010] direction to form the overall three-dimensional framework structure