Marketing as support tool for public administration

The reality of public administration system in Romania shows that, in addition to normal and fair activities, negative aspects are to be noticed. Whatever the degree of truth in these assessments, the process of public administration in our country should be continuously adjusted and improved. As the debates on the role of marketing in society have increased in recent years, the tendency to extend its application areas seems to be evident; one of these is the public administration, where the reform requires mechanisms and modern methods of approach, the marketing field being included. The idea of introducing marketing in public administration represents the major theme of our paper, from theoretical and methodological aspects to practical approaches.citizens, public administration, SWOT analysis, urban marketing.

Evolution of digital marketing

The people who receive the information and buy products/services migrate, nowadays, from traditional to on-line media, a greater number of them is accessing the desired news from specialized sites and from mobile devices, anywhere and anytime. The fast adopting of new technologies affects – and transform – manufacturing, distribution and consume, but to optimize on-line channels is necessary to act objectively, and to found the decisions on performance key indicators. In the process of adapting to these market changes, the marketers have the opportunity to reach a different audience through on-line and mobile instruments. This approach based on real data, facilitated by web analysis, helps companies to focus the efforts and to have success with the new offer versions.digital marketing, blog, mobile marketing, interactive television

Evaluarea obiceiurilor alimentare ale populației din Republica Moldova

Catedra de igienă generală, USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Congresul consacrat aniversării a 75-a de la fondarea Universității de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemițanu” din Republica Moldova, Ziua internațională a științei pentru pace și dezvoltareBackground. The eating behavior of people is influenced by cultural, social, personal, psychological, religious and economic factors. External factors have a considerable effect on eating habits throughout life or for long periods of time. Objective of the study. Assessment of eating habits and food features of the population of the Republic of Moldova. Material and Methods. It was realized an anonymous online survey on a sample of 253 people, residents of the Republic of Moldova. The average age of the interviewees was 28.07 ± 0.09 years, with the interval between 16-67 years. The distribution by gender was 79% - women and 21% - men. Results. Daily consumption of fruits was confirmed in 41% of cases, and vegetables - 54%. The population stated that they eat meat 2-5 times a week, of which 70% eat chicken and 45% - beef. Eggs were consumed in 56% of cases, dairy - 53%, cereals - 50%, sausages - 30%. The population consumes fast food in 17% of cases, of which 3% consume several times a week. The sweets were consumed daily by 25% of people. The fish was consumed by only 11% of people. The berries were consumed once a week by 60% of the respondents. For the preparation of food vegetable oil was used by 88% people, butter - 52%. Conclusion. The diet of the resident population is rich in sources of animal protein, emphasis is placed on the consumption of vitamins and vegetable fats, but it is omitted products containing Omega-3 fatty acids and B-vitamin complex, which are important for mental health. Introducere. Comportamentul alimentar al persoanelor este influențat de factorii culturali, sociali, personali, psihologici, religioși și economici. Factorii externi au un efect considerabil asupra obiceiurilor alimentare de-a lungul întregii vieți sau perioade îndelungate de timp. Scopul lucrării. Evaluarea obiceiurilor și particularităților alimentare ale populației din Republica Moldova. Material și Metode. A fost realizat un sondaj anonim online pe un eșantion de 253 de persoane, rezidente ale Republicii Moldova. Vârsta medie a intervievaților a fost de 28,07±0,09 ani, cu intervalul cuprins între 16-67 ani. Distribuția după gen a fost 79% - femei și 21% - bărbați. Rezultate. Consumul zilnic de fructe a fost confirmat în 41% cazuri, iar de legume – 54%. Populația a afirmat că consumă carne de 2-5 ori pe săptămână, dintre care 70% consumă carne de pui, iar 45% - carne de vită. Ouăle au fost consumate în 56% cazuri, lactate - 53%, cereale - 50%, mezeluri - 30%. Populația consumă fast-food în 17% cazuri, dintre care 3% consumă de câteva ori pe săptămână. Dulciurile au fost consumate zilnic de către 25% persoane. Peștele a fost consumat doar de 11% persoane. Boboasele au fost consumate o dată pe săptămână de 60% dintre chestionați. Pentru pregătirea bucatelor uleiul vegetal a fost utilizat de 88% persoane, untul - 52%. Concluzii. Alimentația populației rezidente este bogată în surse de proteine de origine animală, se pune accent pe consumul de vitamine și grăsimi vegetale, dar se omite consumul produselor cu conținut de acizi grași Omega-3 și complexul vitaminelor B, care sunt importante pentru sănătatea mintală

ON-LINE COMMUNICATION BY SOCIALIZATION SITES

Socialization online sites have become important landmarks for people all around the world and of all ages, especially for youth. Users of such services can socialize with people they know or with unknown, people located in the vicinity or at different distances, even on different continents. In other words, social online sites help people to interact with others of their kind, to know people who have the same passions as they have. The access to such sites is free and the members can build profiles (which include data on name, age, hobbies or favorite books and movies) and can share photos, music or videos with the others. A friend is, in the language of the socialization sites, any user who has a link to his/her profile page. Users can send messages or can leave comments on other profiles. In some cases, people who meet on such sites decide to meet also in the real life.internet, on-line, socialization sites, privacy

OBSERVATIONS ON PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS AND AUTHORITIES WITH THE PURPOSE OF PROTECTING INDIVIDUALS

The present work brings to the reader's attention the evolution concerning the regulation of institutions and public authorities with powers in the field of protection of the individual in Romania and, in particular, in the field of child care. Taken from the Family Code, the current tradition of civil code, through article 107, gave the Court the responsibility of guardianship and family proceedings relating to protection of the individual. Subsequently, law No. 71/2011 for the implementation of law No. 289/2009 allowed, on a temporary basis, until the entry into force of the regulation of the Board of Trustees, as courts to delegate, by closing certain tutelary authority powers. As a result of amendments to law No. 71/2011, many duties of the Board of Trustees with respect to the minor or legal forbidden were passed as the tutelary authority task.On the other hand, the special protection of the child, law No. 272/2004 on the promotion and protection of children's rights confer important directorates-general duties of social work and child protection and child protection committees. These authorities with important powers in matters of protection of the individual have a special quality in triggering procedural active civil action such as revocation of parental rights by a court or taking of a measure of special protection. Law No. 272/2004 has set up a special material competence and liable to give rise to numerous controversies in jurisprudence.The analysis of the development of institutions and public authorities with powers in this matter confer   the opportunity to observe how the powers of the blends and the conflicts they generate in the existing not clear regulations. This article examines and interpreted that the jurisprudence has given legal provisions

Covid-19 infection and the onset of systemic scleroderma

Introduction. Covid-19 disease is a respiratory tract infection caused by the new SARS-CoV-2 virus, which in the last 2 years has affected almost 500 million people globally. The danger of infection consists of the virus’s target which is systems and organs already involved in chronic diseases. COVID-19 has also been demonstrated to induce autoantibody production in genetically predisposed patients and may cause the onset or exacerbation of autoimmune diseases. Case presentation. A 55-year-old patient presented to the "Timofei Moşneaga'' Republican Clinical Hospital with dyspnea, dysphagia, headache, arthralgia, and myalgia. From her medical history, she was presented in January 2021 with Raynaud syndrome and a month later suffered from SARS-CoV-2, which was the trigger for the activation of anti-Scl 70 Ac, thus establishing the diagnosis of Systemic Skin Scleroderma (SSc). At the physical examination were observed the areas of edema and induration in the upper and lower limbs, microtomy, telangiectasia on the anterior part of the thorax, Raynaud syndrome, areas of hypo-/hyperpigmentation of the hands, feet, and chest, hematological and autoimmune changes. Chest CT scan detected interstitial pneumonia with pronounced pericardial effusion. In November 2021, the pericardial cavity was drained due to cardiovascular complications, from which 900 ml of serohemorrhagic fluid was aspirated. Discussion. This case report describes the onset of clinical symptoms of SSc with anti-Scl 70 positive Ac after Covid-19 in a patient with a history of Raynaud syndrome. Covid-19 and SSc are known to have some similarities, such as elevated levels of IL-6, IL-10, and MCP-1, endothelial damage, and interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. However, in the case of the patient, the presence of anti-Scl70 Ac confirms the diagnosis of SSc. We can also assume that the patient has a genetic predisposition to autoimmune diseases, and Covid-19 infection triggered the activation of anti-Scl 70 Ac. Conclusion. In conclusion, we want to specify the need to perform the immunological examination, in the detection of autoantibodies in patients with unclear symptoms, who underwent Covid-19

The link between diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer’s disease

Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, The 8th International Medical Congress for Students and Young Doctors, September 24-26, 2020Introduction. Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a major public health burden and a growing prevalent chronic disease around the world. It is known that more than 425 million people have diabetes, and this number is expected to rise to over 642 million by 2040. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the main cause of dementia, affecting over 26 million people worldwide, and its prevalence continues to increase. Both conditions are related to age, and in the last decades, an interesting link between them has appeared from various studies that affirm that individuals with T2DM are 2–4 times more likely to develop AD, but definitive biochemical mechanisms remain unknown. Aim of the study. This review has the intention to present that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant risk factor for cognitive dysfunction or dementia, especially those related to Alzheimer's disease Materials and methods. For the study were used electronic medical platforms such as PubMed Databases, Hinary and other scientific libraries like Google Scholar. It have been selected and analyzed 40 articles including manuscripts, reviews, and publications for the last 10 years. Results. Of the multiple intersection between T2DM and AD, the most pronounced is the insulin resistance, characterized by hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycaemia. Insulin resistance decreases glucose metabolism which in turn hyperphosphorylates tau protein causing neurofibrillary tangles. In AD, the extracellular accumulation of Aβ plaques, intracellular aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein in neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and neuronal loss occur in the cortex and hippocampus, where are located insulin-dependent receptor GLUT 4 and insulin-independent receptors GLUT1 and GLUT3. Receptors are affected by the abnormal glucose metabolism, and not only, including enzymes like GSK-3, Cdk-5, CK-1 and others. The mechanism of influence does not stop here; hyperglycemia can activate K-ATP channels that increase cellular excitability and leads to an elevated ISF Aβ. Moreover, insulin alteration in diabetes can interrupt brain cholesterol metabolism leading to metabolic dysfunction. Conclusions. T2DM and AD were earlier considered as two independent metabolic disorders. However, the present study has clearly stated the presence of common pathophysiological and epidemiological mechanisms, together with signaling pathways that associates a relation between these two pathologies. It might be possible that therapeutics for T2DM would be effective for AD, but in order to prove that, more investigations are needed. Recently, AD has been called Type 3 Diabetes

Female Labor in the Central Office and in the Saint Petersburg Branch of the State Bank of the Russian Empire in the Late 19th – Early 20th Centuries

Introduction. The article is devoted to a topic that has been insufficiently studied in Russian historiography – female labor in state institutions of Russia in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. The reader will find out how difficult it was to get into the ranks of the bank employees, what requirements were put forward by the leadership of this institution for candidates for a position at the Central Office and Saint Petersburg branch. Methods and materials. Based on archival materials the author examines the practice of recruiting women for service in the Central Office of the State Bank and its metropolitan branch. The author applies traditional methodological foundations: scientific objectivity, the systematic approach and historicism, as well as the general scientific method of structural and functional analysis. Analysis. The article focuses on the working conditions of women and their wages. It also provides some information about the social origin of women employees in the bank, their educational level. The author dwells on the changes in the practice of recruiting women in the early 20th century, especially during the First World War. It is important to note that the bank leadership’s requirements for women employed have undergone tangible changes over the thirty years since their first recruitment. If at the first stage relatives of bank officials were mainly recruited into the main credit institution of the country, then by the First World War these conditions had substantially softened. The defining requirements were the educational level, personal qualities and discipline of persons who were members of the bank staff. It was these qualities that convinced the bank leadership of the equivalence of female labor in relation to male labor, especially after the mass recruitment of the latter into the army. Results. The processes of staffing the State Bank by women employees, considered in the article, convincingly indicate a gradual revision of the relationship traditionally seen in Imperial Russia to women as subjects of socio-economic life in society. It is important to note that these changes largely occurred not due to the struggle of women for their rights, but as a result of the economic development of the country, in which labor resources of the male part of the empire were more and more exhausted. This factor played a key role in attracting women to public service

History of St. Petersburg’s Pavements

Within the article, the author examines the history of everyday life of St. Petersburg through analyzing documents that have recorded the history of the city’s pavement replacement with various materials over a period of more than three hundred years. The study was mainly carried out on the basis of archival materials from the funds of the Central State Historical Archive of St. Petersburg and the Russian State Historical Archive. It is evident that this work is the first comprehensive study of the history of the pavements of the Russian Empire capital as a theme, a topic which has not yet been adequately reflected in either domestic or foreign historiography. It has been established that it took the city authorities a considerable time to pave the capital's roads during the imperial period. The paving of the city roads developed from the use of raw stone to natural asphalt. In the end, it took almost a century to bring the streets of the main part of the city to the proper condition; they have been previously been covered with mainly stone. Whereas in the XVIII century the main task of the central and city authorities was to pave as many streets as possible, then in the XIX - early XX centuries the city government instead concentrated on a way find an inexpensive but durable material for this purpose