51 research outputs found
Review of Adrian Velicu, Civic Catechisms and Reason in the French Revolution
Katekeser Àr en genre som vanligtvis förknippas med lutheransk religionsundervisning, och inte revolutioner. Dess form, att stÀlla en antal givna frÄgor och ge ett definitivt svar för varje frÄga synes lÀmna föga utrymme för sjÀlvstÀndigt och kritiskt tÀnkande. FrÄgandet som teknik Àr en retorik; syftet Àr att styra lÀsarens tÀnkande i avsedd riktning. InprÀntande av normer, inte radikala reflektioner Àr katekesens specialitet. Att katekesen form anvÀndes sÄvÀl av Les philosophes som av Robespierre kan förvÄna i det förra fallet, men mindre i det senare, Robespierre ville ju skapa absolut lojala troende revolutionsanhÀngare. I en monografi byggd pÄ tidigare outnyttjat empiriskt franskt 1700-tals material visar Adrian Velicu, idehistoriker vid Karlstad universitet, att katekeser hade en betydligt vidare anvÀndning. Under upplysningen och sÀrskilt under franska revolutionen anvÀndes katekesen som medel av revolutionÀrerna för att skapa en ny medborgare med nya vÀrderingar
NEW TECHNIQUES APPLIED IN ECONOMICS. ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK
The present paper has the objective to inform the public regarding the use of new techniques for the modeling, simulate and forecast of system from different field of activity. One of those techniques is Artificial Neural Network, one of the artificial inartificial neural network, economics, simulate, artificial intelligence
ĂlhetĆbb vĂĄros â avagy Smart City = Smart cities for a better world
The subject of this essay is the topic of Smart City, which is one of the important areas of the ongoing European integration. The internet and digital technologies are transforming our world in every walk of our private and commercial lives. Cities must take an active part in the digital revolution, and must make all the resulting new digital possibilities available to all citizens and enterprises. In the field of digital tools and service there are multiple untapped opportunities that await citizens and enterprises. From online purchase and learning through paying the checks to online administration, the web offers the best solution, if conditions are provided. Nowadays we are witnessing the time of social changes, scientific discoveries and the rapid development of technology. This process is accompanied by the incursion of âcivilizationâ, the increase of the standard of living and life expectancy and the rising number of the Earthâs population. The latter goes hand in hand with the growing number of cities and their growing size as well. Today more than half of the Earthâs population lives in cities. In the early 21st century the number of urban habitants surpassed 50% of the entire human population. By the end of the century this ratio will expectedly be 70â75%. This not only shows the importance of cities but also the responsibility and challenge that urbanization means all around the world. Through my research I attempt to make Smart City the subject of this essay, as more than half of the Earthâs population is living in cities as the result of the increasingly fast urbanization. The coexistence and environmental change pose new challenges to the inhabitants and leaders of urban areas in many areas of life. Urban development and operation can increasingly be realized only through up-to-date and effective tools. The info-communicational solutions, which are becoming increasingly integral to urban life, add effectively and with a lower cost to the perceptible increase in the quality of life, while invigorating the communityâs economy on a local and national level. The goal of my research is to review the related works of Hungarian and international authors in order to make a comprehensive analysis of this area, which in my opinion is exceedingly important, as smart technology is an integral part of our daily lives
Financing resources available for local economic development
This paper reveals that domestic credit is becoming more involved in local economic development, even if it is considered an expensive resource. The loans are presented as a resource available for various âactorsâ of the local community â individuals, business agents and local authorities.
Institutions of Religious Music Education in Interwar Romania. Case Study: The Academy of Religious Music in Bucharest
In the spring of 1928, Miron â the first Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church â established The Academy of Religious Music in Bucharest, the only academic music institution in Romania, at the time, whose purpose was â from the perspective of its founder, the Patriarch â the rehabilitation of the status of Byzantine music in the Orthodox Church and the establishment of a coherent relationship with Western vocal religious music. The present article investigates the historical, social and cultural context of the establishment of this singular institution of religious music education in Romania, as well as its necessity, objectives and utility. It also explores the benefits it brought to Romanian Orthodox religious music and to the Church, until 1948, when it was disbanded by the Communist regime
3d modeling and fem analysis for solar panel mounting system on a house roof
Mechanical structures 3D modeling in the aim of real-time simulation of the product dynamic behavior, using computer performing software, is a necessity. In the paper, there are presented some aspects regarding the 3D modeling and FEM analysis for a mounting system used to fix solar panels or collectors on house roof. First, there are presented some general aspects of the mounting systems used to fix solar panels on the house roof. Then there are presented the aspects of virtual modeling of these parts, using CATIA software. Then, there are presented some aspects of the Finite Element Analysis and the results of this. In the final part of the paper, there are presented the conclusion
Contesting Post-Communist Economic Development : Gold Extraction, Local Community, and Rural Decline in Romania
Plans to open a globally significant gold mine at RoĆia MontanÄ, in the Transylvanian region of Romania, have led to decades of controversy and struggle. This paper explores different understandings of extraction amongst advocates for and opponents of the mine over the last two decades. We discuss the shifting roles of capital, the state, civil society organizations, and the local community over time, arguing for the need to distinguish between their different positions on mining. In particular, we contend that the understanding of extraction promoted by the owners of the mine, and by the local community, is fundamentally different in terms of cultural, social, and economic priorities. The local community argue for a traditional type of mining, embedded in local ownership and established labor identities, whereas the neoliberal vision of capital for the RoĆia MontanÄ site is that of a globally competitive, technologically advanced form of extraction. In uncovering and developing these hermeneutic differences, the paper reveals that pro-traditional development attitudes among economically marginalized groups are not necessarily attuned to the material global interconnections shaping neoliberal capitalism
Translations of Napoleonâs Catechism (1806) in Dalmatia and Illyrian Provinces, part one
S francuskom upravom u hrvatskim zemljama stupilo je na snagu i francusko drĆŸavno zakonodavstvo. IzmeÄu ostaloga, ono je ukljuÄivalo i Konkordat izmeÄu Napoleona i Svete Stolice iz 1801. te Napoleonovu jednostranu zakonsku nadopunu u obliku 77 âOrganskih Älanakaâ iz iste godine. Ovi dokumenti uÄinili su katoliÄke biskupije u Francuskoj nekom vrstom carskih upravnih tijela pod nadzorom Ministarstva bogoĆĄtovlja. Tako je Äl. 39. propisao da Äe u katoliÄkim crkvama Francuskoga Carstva od tada nadalje moÄi postojati samo jedna liturgija i samo jedan katekizam. To je bila osnova za sastavljanje jednoga univerzalnoga Katekizma za sve katoliÄke crkve u Francuskom Carstvu, poznatoga kao Carski katekizam, objavljenoga 1806. godine. Njega su drĆŸavni organi vlasti uveli bez potvrde pape Pija VII. i u njemu je prvi put u povijesti katekizma uz pouku o Äetvrtoj BoĆŸjoj zapovijedi izrijekom bilo spomenuto jedno svjetovno ime, dakako, cara Napoleona I. Generalni providur Dalmacije Vincenzo Dandolo prvi je godine 1807. naloĆŸio prevoÄenje Carskoga katekizma na âilirskiâ, tj. hrvatski jezik, jer je Dalmacija postala dio Kraljevine Italije. Taj je pokuĆĄaj zavrĆĄio fijaskom zbog recenzija koje su ukazivale na nerazumljivost prijevoda meÄu narodom. U Ilirskim pokrajinama osnovanim 1809. godine prijevodi su, bilo cjeloviti, bilo prijevodi tek nekoliko poglavlja, na poticaj civilnih vlasti objavljeni 1811. i 1812. godine, i to na Äak Äetiri jezika: talijanskom, slovenskom, njemaÄkom i âilirskomâ jeziku. Premda su ti prijevodi ostali bez utjecaja jer su Ilirske pokrajine ukinute veÄ 1813. godine, a Napoleonov katekizam bio strogo zabranjen od strane austrijskih vlasti, ovi prevodilaÄki pothvati ostaju vrlo vrijedan primjer propagande i pokuĆĄaja kulturnog transfera Napoleonova imperijalnoga kulta u ove krajeve, o Äemu Äe biti rijeÄ u ovome radu.Coming to power in the Croatian lands the French administration tried to enforce the French state legislation. Among other things, this included the Concordat of 1801 between Napoleon and the Holy See, and Napoleonâs unilateral law supplement in the form of 77 âOrganic Articlesâ came into force in the same year. These documents made the Catholic dioceses in France a kind of imperial administrative bodies supervised by the Ministry of Cult. The article 39 prescribed, from then on, the existence of only one liturgy and only one catechism in all the Catholic churches of the French Empire. This was the foundation for the composition of one universal Catechism for all the Catholic Churches in the French Empire, known as the Imperial Catechism and published in 1806. The state authorities introduced it without the approval of Pope Pius VII. For the first time in the history of catechisms, a secular name was explicitly mentioned with the lesson about the Fourth Godâs Commandment. To be sure, it was the name of Emperor Napoleon I. In 1807, Vincenzo Dandolo, general governor of Dalmatia, was the first to order the translation of the Imperial Catechism into the âIllyrian â, that is, Croatian language because Dalmatia became a part of the Kingdom of Italy. This attempt failed because of reviews, which pointed to the bad intelligibility of the translation for ordinary people. In the Illyrian Provinces founded in 1809, the translations in Italian, Slovenian, German and âIllyrianâ or Croatian language were either integrally or partly (just a couple of chapters) published at the incentive of civil authorities in 1811 and 1812. They remained without an impact because the Provinces were abolished already in 1813 and Napoleonâs catechism was strictly forbidden by Austrian authorities. Nevertheless, these translation ventures remain very valuable examples of propaganda and the attempt of cultural transfer of Napoleonâs imperial cult into these regions, which will be discussed in this paper
Internet safety helplines: exploratory study first findings
Executive Summary: This is the first short report on a study of Helplines, an essential component of the network of Safer Internet Centres coordinated by Insafe. 70% of all helplines are general service helplines with 30% dedicated specifically to internet safety. All helplines offer a confidential service that offers information, support, guidance and referral. Helplines offer a range of services using a variety of platforms: telephone counselling services, email support, support using online chat, text services, online forum, peer support, social networking and in some instances face-to-face support. Among the most important success factors identified by helplines include: âpositive feedback from callersâ, the ânumber of callsâ and âparticipation from stakeholdersâ. Among the most persistent risks identified by helplines are bullying and cyberbullying (92%) followed by hate speech (88%) and sexual content (75%). Recommendations arising from the study call for development of an alert system for emerging risks, access to technical expertise for helpline staff and support for further stakeholder collaboration
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