Površinski epitel jajnika hipotireoidnih novorođenih i neonatalnih pacova - iz perspektive PCNA i kaspaze-3

Introduction. The ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) undergoes intensive regeneration and remodelling after each ovulation during the whole reproductive period. This process increases the risk of one of the most common ovarian tumors in women and the female dog. Considering the fact that maternal hypothyroidism highly impacts cell proliferation and cell death during folliculogenesis in the early neonatal period, we aimed to analyze its effect on OSE morphology and dynamics. Materials and Methods. The study was performed on newborn (24-h-old) and neonatal (4-day-old) female rats, a randomized trial between the control and hypothyroid groups, born under controlled circumstances and hypothyroid mothers, respectively. Their ovaries were analyzed histologically and processed to determine the OSE cell height as an average value of four measurement points. Also, the immunopositivity of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and caspase-3 were assessed semiquantitatively. Results and Conclusions. No major structural differences of OSE were found between groups within the given ages except for a slight increment of OSE cell height and incompleteness of apical cell membrane with cytoplasmic projections in hypothyroid animals. PCNA immunopositivity of the OSE cells was higher in ovaries of hypothyroid animals of both ages in comparison to the controls. Moreover, only scarce OSE cells were caspase-3 positive in both groups and ages, with no difference in immunopositivity. Our study confirms the impact of hypothyroidism in the early postnatal period on morphology and proliferation rate of OSE cells, with no effect on caspase-3 dependent cell removal, which may serve as a premise for future investigation of potential carcinogenesis, in terms of prevention and treatment of ovarian cancer.Uvod. Tokom reproduktivnog perioda, nakon svake ovulacije, površinski epitel (PE) jajnika se intenzivno regeneriše i remodelira. Ovaj proces povećava rizik od nastajanja jednog od najčešćih tumora jajnika kod žena i kuja. Imajući u vidu činjenicu da hipotireoidizam majki u velikoj meri utiče na proliferaciju i ćelijsku smrt u toku folikulogeneze u ranom postnatalnom periodu, cilj rada je bio da analiziramo efekat hipotireoidizma majki na morfologiju i dinamiku PE jajnika potomaka. Materijal i metode. U eksperimentu su korišćeni tek rođeni (24 časa stari) i neonatalni (4 dana stari) mladunci koji potiču od kontrolnih i hipotireoidnih majki. Morfometrijskom analizom određivana je prosečna visina ćelija PE, izmerena na četiri mesta na svakom ispitivanom preseku jajnika. Takođe, imunopozitivnost proliferativnivnog ćelijskog nuklearnog antigena (PCNA) i kaspaze 3 je određivana semikvantitativno. Rezultati i zaključci. Veće promene u strukturi PE jajnika nisu zapažene između grupa, osim blagog povećanja visine ćelija i nepotpune apikalne membrane sa projekcijama citoplazme kod hipotireoidnih životinja. Imunopozitivnost PCNA je značajno povećana u jajnicima hipotireoidnih životinja obe starosne grupe u odnosu na kontrole, dok je imunopozitivnost na kaspazu 3 slabo izražena kod svih životinja. Naše istraživanje je pokazalo da hipotireoidizam u ranom postnatalnom periodu dovodi do promena u morfologiji i proliferaciji ćelija PE, bez efekta na uklanjanje ćelija delovanjem kaspaze 3. Ovaj model može da posluži u budućim istraživanjima potencijalne karcinogeneze u cilju prevencije i tretmana kancera jajnika

Generation of Au2Cl2n+1 (n = 1-3) cluster ions by laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry

Gold chloride clusters were generated from an aqueous solution of gold-hydrochloric acid deposited onto the target plate using laser desorption/ionization (LDI) on a commercial matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization –time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometric instrument. In our experimental conditions negative mode of LDI mass spectra provided the most valuable informations. The mass peaks at m/z about 339, 499, 571, 641, were assigned to AuCl4-, Au2Cl3-, Au2Cl5-, Au2Cl7-cluster ions, respectively. The Au2Cl5-and Au2Cl7-clusters are detected for the first time in this work. This research showed that LDI MS, thanks to its easy experimental procedure, a soft ionization technique which may be a useful characterization tool in the chemistry of heterogeneous gold clusters.Physical chemistry 2016 : 13th international conference on fundamental and applied aspects of physical chemistry; Belgrade (Serbia); 26-30 September 2016

ISHRANA GRABLJIVIH VRSTA RIBA I NJIHOV UTICAJ NA ODRŽANJE STABILNOSTI AKUMULACIJE BOVAN

The aim of this study was to investigate the diet of adult predatory fish (pikeperch, perch, pike, and catfish) that inhabit the Bovan reservoir and determine their impact on the ecological stability of the reservoir. The results showed that predators most often used planktivorous fish species in their diet, including bleak, roach, and perch. These species are dominant prey to predators, and at the same time important links in food chains. By feeding on planktivorous fish, predatory fish can contribute to the reduction of the eutrophication of the reservoir and keep this ecosystem stable.Publishe

Gender modulates development of the metabolic syndrome phenotype in fructose-fed rats

We analyzed the effects of a fructose-rich diet (FRD) to test the assumption that the expression of metabolic syndrome phenotype is different in male and female rats. Two-way ANOVA revealed a significant effect of FRD on feeding behavior and carbohydrate/lipid metabolism. The increased caloric intake in FRD rats of both sexes was followed by a cluster of gender-specific changes typical for the metabolic syndrome. Female rats were characterized by decreased glycemia, increased triglycerides, enlarged visceral adipose tissue and increased absolute mass of liver, without changes in systolic blood pressure and insulin sensitivity. In contrast, male rats developed less disturbances in physical and biochemical characteristics, but blood pressure and insulin sensitivity were impaired by FRD. The results emphasize the detrimental effects of fructose consumption on cardiovascular risk and insulin action in males, whereas females are affected by other metabolic disturbances. These results support the idea of gender-dependent differences in the expression of the metabolic syndrome phenotype.Projekat ministarstva br. 4100

Design of Experiments mathematical methodology applied in MALDI-TOF-MS analysis

U ovom radu, matematička metoda Dizajn eksperimenta (eng. Design of Experiment, DoE) korišćena je za optimizaciju instrumetalnih parametara masenog spektrometra sa laserskom desorpcijom i jonizacijom pomoću „matriksa“ i sa analizatorom na bazi vremena preleta (MALDI TOF MS), a za analizu metalnih kompleksa. Ulazni parametri DoE metodologije bili su intenzitet lasera, napon na „gridu“ i broj impulsa lasera, dok su kao izlazni parametri od interesa bili odnos signal/šum i rezolucija. Različite vrednosti ulaznih parametra (njihovi nivoi) definisane su na osnovu dobijenih preliminarnih eksperimenata. Nakon utvrđivanja ulaznih i izlaznih parametara DoE eksperiment je izveden primenom Box-Behnken-ove metode. Teorijski predviđene vrednosti za dobijanje kvalitetnog masenog spektra metalnog kompleksa (snaga lasera-1220 W, napon „grida“-79 V i broj impulsa lasera-360) su eksperimentalno potvrđeni.In this work Design of Experiment mathematical methodology (DoE) was used for optimization the instrumental parameters of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer (MS) for the analysis of metal complex. The input factors in DoE methodology were laser intensity, grid voltage and number of laser shots, while the output response of interest were signal-to-noise ratio and resolution. The different values of input factors (their level) are defined according to the results obtained in preliminary experiments. After the identification of input factors and responses of interest the DoE experimental plan is created using Box-Behnken methode. Theoretically predicted values for obtaining high-quality mass spectra of metal complex (laser power – 1220 W, grid voltage – 79 V and number of laser shots – 360) are experimentally confirmed.53. Savetovanje Srpskog hemijskog društva : Program i kratki izvodi radova : Kragujevac, Srbija, 29. i 30. maj 2015

The first observation of the presence of microplastics in wild common bleak (Alburnus alburnus L.) and standardization of extraction protocols

The presence of microplastics (MPs) in the gastrointestinal tract, muscle, and whole-body samples of common bleak Alburnus alburnus L. from Gruža Reservoir (Central Serbia) was studied for the first time. Different protocols for MPs extraction were applied to determine the most efficient one. The study aimed to modify existing protocols to be cost-effective, efficient in digestion, and with no detrimental effect on potentially present MPs polymers. In this study, the digestion with 10% KOH during 48 h at 40°C was efficient for the gastrointestinal tract and muscle. Digestion with 10% KOH during 72 h at 40°C was the most efficient for whole-body samples. The usage of NaClO proved successful in digestion of the gastrointestinal tract overnight at room temperature. Fibers detected in the samples are assumed to be of plastic origin. The general goal was to establish a protocol for extracting MPs from fish tissue in wild populations to obtain results and determine the degree of pollution.Publishe

Gender modulates development of the metabolic syndrome phenotype in fructose-fed rats

We analyzed the effects of a fructose-rich diet (FRD) to test the assumption that the expression of metabolic syndrome phenotype is different in male and female rats. Two-way ANOVA revealed a significant effect of FRD on feeding behavior and carbohydrate/lipid metabolism. The increased caloric intake in FRD rats of both sexes was followed by a cluster of gender-specific changes typical for the metabolic syndrome. Female rats were characterized by decreased glycemia, increased triglycerides, enlarged visceral adipose tissue and increased absolute mass of liver, without changes in systolic blood pressure and insulin sensitivity. In contrast, male rats developed less disturbances in physical and biochemical characteristics, but blood pressure and insulin sensitivity were impaired by FRD. The results emphasize the detrimental effects of fructose consumption on cardiovascular risk and insulin action in males, whereas females are affected by other metabolic disturbances. These results support the idea of gender-dependent differences in the expression of the metabolic syndrome phenotype.Projekat ministarstva br. 4100

KARDIOVASKULARNI FAKTORI RIZIKA FIZIČKI AKTIVNIH STUDENTKINJA

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world, and occur as a result of many risk factors (obesity, high blood pressure, inadequate physical activity, hyperlipoproteinemia, inadequate diet and an unhealthy lifestyle). Given that in young adults most of these risk factors tend to remain at the same level or to even increase with age, especially after the second or third decade of life. This means that if young adults are in the at-risk group in terms of cardiovascular diseases, they usually stay in that group in later life. The research problem is to examine the strength and significance of possible linear correlations of certain cardiovascular risk factors in 53 physically active female university students (PE students), aged 19 to 25 years, as well as to examine possible differences between those with different lengths of sports experience (ranging from 0 to 5, 6 to 10 and 11 to 15 years). Their baseline characteristics (age, body height and mass, body mass index - BMI, resting metabolic rate - RMR, resting heart rate - RHR and length of sports experience) were determined, as well as the linear relationships of selected cardiovascular risk factors (body fat percentage - BF%, visceral fat level - Visc F, waist circumference - WC, arterial blood pressure - SBP and DBP). The data were analyzed (descriptive statistics, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Peаrson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficient, ANOVA) using SPSS 21.0. The results of the analysis indicated a lack of statistically significant differences in cardiovascular risks factors between female PE students with different lengths of sports experience, and the existence of statistically significant (p<0.001), positive, mostly strong correlations, between most of the selected cardiovascular risk factors. When it comes to blood pressure parameters, although weak positive and statistically significant (p<0.05) correlations were established between SBP and BMI (r=.273), SBP and WC (r=.308), so as between DBP and body mass (r=.284), DBP and RHR (r=.287), DBP and RMR (r=.292), as well between DBP and WC (r=.304) and DBP and SBP (r=.571, p<0.001), it is unequivocal that the reduction of body mass at the expense of adipose tissue is necessary, as well as an increase in the moderate physical activity level and regularity, in order to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases in female PE students now as well as in older age.Kardiovaskularne bolesti vodeći su uzrok smrtnosti u svetu, a nastaju kao rezultat delovanja mnogobrojnih faktora rizika (gojaznost, visok krvni pritisak, nedovoljna fizička aktivnost, hiperlipoproteinemija, neadekvatna ishrana i nezdrav stil života). S obzirom na to da većina ovih faktora rizika kod mladih odraslih ima tendenciju održavanja na istom nivou, pa čak i pogoršavanja sa godinama, posebno nakon druge, odnosno treće decenije života, to znači da mladi odrasli, ako se nalaze u rizičnoj grupi u pogledu kardiovaskularnih oboljenja, najčešće ostaju u toj grupi i u kasnijem životnom dobu. Problem ovog istraživanja jeste ispitivanje postojanja mogućih korelacija određenih kardiovaskularnih faktora rizika 53 fizički aktivnih studentkinja, uzrasta 19 do 25 godina, kao i da se ispitaju moguće razlike između onih sa različitom dužinom sportskog staža (u rasponu od 0 do 5, 6 do 10 i 11 do 15 godina). Utvrđeni su njihovi opšti pokazatelji (uzrast, telesna visina, telesna masa, indeks telesne mase- BMI, bazalni metabolizam- RMR, frekvenca srca u miru- RHR i dužina sportskog staža), kao i relacije odabranih kardiovaskularnih faktora rizika (procenat masnog tkiva- BF%, nivo visceralnih masti- Visc F, obim struka- WC, arterijski krvni pritisak- SBP i DBP). Podaci su analizirani (deskriptivna statistika, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson-ov i Spearman-ov koeficijent korelacije, ANOVA) primenom SPSS 21.0. Rezultati analize ukazali su na izostanak statistički značajnih razlika u kardiovaskularnim faktorima rizika između studentkinja fakulteta sporta različite dužine sportskog staža, ali i na postojanje statistički značajnih (p<0.001), pozitivnih korelacija, uglavnom velike jačine, većine odabranih kardiovaskularnih faktora rizika. Kada je reč o parametrima krvnog pritiska, iako  male pozitivne i statistički značajne (p<0.05), ustanovljene su korelacije SBP sa BMI (r=.273), SBP sa WC (r=.308), kao i DBP sa telesnom masom (r=.284), DBP sa RHR (r=.287), DBP sa RMR (r=.292), kao i DBP sa WC (r=.304),ali i sa SBP (r=.571, p<0.001), nedvosmisleno je da je neophodna redukcija telesne mase na račun masnog tkiva, ali i povećanje nivoa i redovnosti umerene fizičke aktivnosti, kako bi se umanjio rizik od kardiovaskularnih bolesti studentkinja sportistkinja sada, ali i u starijim godinama

The importance of detailed hydrobiological research of rivers for the detection and conservation of originally preserved habitats

Due to multiple modern stressors, there are rapid changes in inland water habitats and irreversible biodiversity loss. Hence, in order to detect parts of rivers or basins with originally preserved habitat and biodiversity, detailed hydrobiological research of inland waters (simultaneous research of basic abiotic parameters and hydrobiocenosis) are necessary. The aim is to detect habitats' biological and ecological values, which are important for the permanent preservation of genetic and species diversity and the stability and functionality of the entire ecosystem or catchment area. In terms of ecology and conservation, these habitats have the same importance for inland waters and catchment areas as the hot-spot areas for preserving global biodiversity. The importance of these areas in this work is presented on the example of the Veliki Rzav River (Serbia). In order to support the program of declaring the river as a protected area, the research was conducted in 2021. In the Veliki Rzav River, many biological values such as preserved and high biodiversity of algae, macroinvertebrates, and fish were detected. For the first time in Serbia, new species of algae were detected, along with the significant presence of sensitive taxa in the macroinvertebrate community and a stable brown trout population with the detection of the new haplotype

The importance of detailed hydrobiological research of rivers for the detection and conservation of originally preserved habitats

Due to multiple modern stressors, there are rapid changes in inland water habitats and irreversible biodiversity loss. Hence, in order to detect parts of rivers or basins with originally preserved habitat and biodiversity, detailed hydrobiological research of inland waters (simultaneous research of basic abiotic parameters and hydrobiocenosis) are necessary. The aim is to detect habitats' biological and ecological values, which are important for the permanent preservation of genetic and species diversity and the stability and functionality of the entire ecosystem or catchment area. In terms of ecology and conservation, these habitats have the same importance for inland waters and catchment areas as the hot-spot areas for preserving global biodiversity. The importance of these areas in this work is presented on the example of the Veliki Rzav River (Serbia). In order to support the program of declaring the river as a protected area, the research was conducted in 2021. In the Veliki Rzav River, many biological values such as preserved and high biodiversity of algae, macroinvertebrates, and fish were detected. For the first time in Serbia, new species of algae were detected, along with the significant presence of sensitive taxa in the macroinvertebrate community and a stable brown trout population with the detection of the new haplotype