The System of Infrastructure Ensuring Business Activity in the Market of Mobile Commerce of Russia

Entrepreneurship in the mobile commerce market provides the opportunity to search for new opportunities for companies in the mobile environment. Taking into account the innovative nature of entrepreneurship in the mobile commerce market, it is necessary to form an infrastructure support system, the main tasks of which are: activating business processes in the mobile commerce system by creating the necessary conditions and turning business activities in this area into a real factor of economic growth by adapting the economy to advanced technologies. The article discusses the system of infrastructure support for entrepreneurship in the mobile commerce market as a complex of institutional entities that provide the conditions for implementing the processes of organizing and managing the development of entrepreneurial activities in the mobile commerce market in Russia. Thus, the infrastructure support of small business in the mobile commerce market is a combination of conditions, institutions and mechanisms that ensure the sustainable development and competitiveness of Internet companies in the Internet environment

Влияние взаимодействия в системе «Врач – Пациент» на состояние больных

The study focuses on the search for ways to solve the problem of improving the quality of medical care for heart disease patients; the effectiveness of patients’ treatment is determined by the science-oriented medicine achievements and the general psycho-emotional states arising in various situations of doctor-patient interaction. The aim of the study is to identify the types of doctors and their impacts on patients’ psycho-emotional states and attitudes toward the disease. The study was conducted in a number of clinical hospitals in Moscow (Russia). It involved 167 doctors and 1,248 patients with arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, and arrhythmias, aged 43 to 82 years. The study was carried out using valid psychodiagnostic techniques. There were statistically significant differences in the characteristics of the response to the disease in heart disease patients, whose physicians established with them collaborative, caring, directive, authoritarian and alienated relationships.El estudio se centra en la búsqueda de formas de resolución el problema de mejorar la calidad de la asistencia médica a los pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares, cuya eficacia del tratamiento se determina por los logros de la medicina naturalmente orientada a la ciencia y la condición psique-emocional general que se produce en situaciones diversas de su interacción con el médico tratante. El observatorio del estudio es identificación de los tipos de médicos tratantes y sus efectos sobre la condición psique-emocional y la actitud hacia la enfermedad de los pacientes.  El estudio se llevó a cabo sobre la base de la serie de hospitales clínicos en Moscú (Rusia). En el estudio participaron 167 médicos y 1248 pacientes con hipertensión arterial, enfermedad isquémica coronaria y arritmias, de 43 a 82 años. El estudio se realizó con la ayuda de técnicas psiquediagnósticas validas. Se han obtenido las diferencias estadísticamente fidedignas en los indicadores de la respuesta a la enfermedad en pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares, cuyos médicos tratantes establecen relaciones cooperativas, de tutela, directivas, autoritarias y suspendidas con ellos.Исследование ориентировано на поиск способов решения проблемы повышения качества оказания медицинской помощи пациентам с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями, эффективность лечения которых определяется как достижениями естественно-научно ориентированной медицины, так и общим психоэмоциональным состоянием, возникающим в различных ситуациях его взаимодействия с лечащим врачом. Цель исследования – выявление типов лечащих врачей и их влияния на психоэмоциональное состояние и отношение к болезни пациентов.  Исследование проводилось на базе ряда клинических больниц г. Москвы (Россия). В исследовании приняли участие 167 врачей и 1248 пациентов с артериальной гипертонией, ишемической болезнью сердца и аритмиями, в возрасте от 43 до 82 лет. Исследование осуществлялось с помощью валидных психодиагностических методик. Были получены статистически достоверны различия в показателях особенностей реагирования на болезнь у пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями, лечащие врачи которых устанавливают с ними сотруднические, опекающие, директивные, авторитарные и отстраненные отношения

Correlation between Antioxidant Enzymes Activity and Intraerythrocyte Concentration of Fe, Mg, Zn, Cu in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Cor Pulmonale in Children with Congenital Lung Disease and Cystic Fibrosis

Significant changes in the levels of the potential prooxidant Cu (increase) and the antioxidant Zn (decrease) in plasma were revealed in children having bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) complicated by pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic cor pulmonale (CCP) when compared with the control. The Zn / Cu ratio in the blood plasma of patients with BPD, especially in CCP, was found to be lower than in the control group (p<0.001). This could indicate the activation of the prooxidant processes; simultaneously, the total antioxidant status (AOS) decreased. No significant increase in the intracellular free (“ionized” (i)) form of magnesium (iMg) was found; in fact, the concentration of iFe in all the patient groups was higher than in the control. An increase in the iCu and iZn levels (nonprotein-bound) was observed in the blood cells of the affected children. A significant increase in the glutathione peroxidase activity in the CCP patients may indicate an accumulation of organic peroxides, and partially compensate for the lesser activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other antioxidants. The Zn / Cu and iZn/ iCu ratios were reduced in patients with CCP when compared with patients with PD without CCP

ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ И ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ ГЕМОДИНАМИКИ У СТУДЕНТОВ-СТАРШЕКУРСНИКОВ

HighlightsThe article examines the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and the state of central hemodynamics (CHD) in senior students. Aim. To study the risk factors for CHD and CVD in senior students with the aim of early detection of arterial hypertension (AH) and the implementation of therapeutic and prophylactic measures.Methods. The study involved 223 senior students of medical universities in Moscow aged 20-27 years (the mean age was 22.8±0.17 years). The following cardiovascular risk factors were assessed for each student: age, gender, smoking, physical activity, genetic predispositions; body mass index. The indicators of CHD were studied by volumetric compression oscillometry using a portable automated software-hardware complex for non-invasive research of central hemodynamics (“SHCNIR CHD vco-“Globus” device).Results. The presence of CVD risk factors in senior students was revealed in 52.5% of cases; more than two risk factors were found in 19.3% of cases; 1st degree arterial hypertension (AH) in 11.2% of cases; “white coat hypertension” in 10.8% of cases; genetic predisposition to CVD in 30.0% of cases; overweight in 17.0% of cases; obesity in 5.4% of cases; low physical activity in 23.8% of cases; smoking in 16.1% of cases. An altered CHD profile was found in 62.1% of students. An increase in total peripheral vascular resistance at normal blood pressure levels was noted in 31.8% of cases. Indicators of total peripheral vascular resistance, mean blood pressure, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in the group of students with CHD risk factors.Conclusion. Outpatient follow-up groups should include students with established risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, diagnosed AH, and with altered indicators of CHD. Preventive examinations should include a simple method for studying hemodynamics – compression oscillometry.Основные положенияВ статье исследованы частота факторов риска развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и состояние центральной гемодинамики у студентов старших курсов. Цель. Изучить основные факторы риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ФР ССЗ) и центральной гемодинамики (ЦГД) у студентов-старшекурсников.Материалы и методы. Обследованы 223 студента старших курсов медицинских вузов Москвы в возрасте 20–27 лет (средний возраст составил 22,8±0,17 года). У каждого студента оценены основные ФР ССЗ: возраст, пол, курение, физическая активность, наследственность, индекс массы тела. Показатели ЦГД исследованы методом объемной компрессионной осциллометрии с помощью портативного автоматизированного программно-аппаратного комплекса неинвазивного исследования центральной гемодинамики (прибор «КАП ЦГ осм-«Глобус»).Результаты. ФР ССЗ выявлены у 52,5% студентов старших курсов, более двух факторов риска обнаружено у 19,3%. Артериальная гипертензия I степени зарегистрирована у 11,2% лиц, артериальная гипертензия «белого халата» – у 10,8%, отягощенная наследственность – у 30,0%, избыточная масса тела – у 17,0%, ожирение – у 5,4%, гиподинамия – у 3,8%, курение – у 16,1% обследованных. Измененный профиль ЦГД обнаружен у 62,1% студентов. Повышение общего периферического сосудистого сопротивления при нормальных уровнях артериального давления определено у 31,8% лиц. Показатели общего периферического сосудистого сопротивления, среднего, систолического и диастолического артериального давления были достоверно выше в группе студентов с ФР ССЗ.Заключение. В группу диспансерного наблюдения необходимо включать студентов не только с установленными ФР ССЗ, выявленной артериальной гипертензией, но и измененными показателями ЦГД. В профилактические осмотры необходимо добавить простой метод исследования гемодинамики – компрессионную осциллометрию

LINE-1 retrotransposon methylation in chorionic villi of first trimester miscarriages with aneuploidy

Purpose High frequency of aneuploidy in meiosis and cleavage stage coincides with waves of epigenetic genome reprogramming that may indicate a possible association between epigenetic mechanisms and aneuploidy occurrence. This study aimed to assess the methylation level of the long interspersed repeat element 1 (LINE-1) retrotransposon in chorionic villi of first trimester miscarriages with a normal karyotype and aneuploidy. Methods The methylation level was assessed at 19 LINE-1 promoter CpG sites in chorionic villi of 141 miscarriages with trisomy of chromosomes 2, 6, 8-10, 13-15, 16, 18, 20-22, and monosomy X using massive parallel sequencing. Results The LINE-1 methylation level was elevated statistically significant in chorionic villi of miscarriages with both trisomy (45.2 +/- 4.3%) and monosomy X (46.9 +/- 4.2%) compared with that in induced abortions (40.0 +/- 2.4%) (p < 0.00001). The LINE-1 methylation levels were specific for miscarriages with different aneuploidies and significantly increased in miscarriages with trisomies 8, 14, and 18 and monosomy X (p < 0.05). The LINE-1 methylation level increased with gestational age both for group of miscarriages regardless of karyotype (R = 0.21, p = 0.012) and specifically for miscarriages with trisomy 16 (R = 0.48, p = 0.007). LINE-1 methylation decreased with maternal age in miscarriages with a normal karyotype (R = - 0.31, p = 0.029) and with trisomy 21 (R = - 0.64, p = 0.024) and increased with paternal age for miscarriages with trisomy 16 (R = 0.38, p = 0.048) and monosomy X (R = 0.73, p = 0.003). Conclusion Our results indicate that the pathogenic effects of aneuploidy in human embryogenesis can be supplemented with significant epigenetic changes in the repetitive sequences

Relative Frequencies of PAX6 Mutational Events in a Russian Cohort of Aniridia Patients in Comparison with the World&rsquo;s Population and the Human Genome

Genome-wide sequencing metadata allows researchers to infer bias in the relative frequencies of mutational events and to predict putative mutagenic models. In addition, much less data could be useful in the evaluation of the mutational frequency spectrum and the prevalent local mutagenic process. Here we analyzed the PAX6 gene locus for mutational spectra obtained in our own and previous studies and compared them with data on other genes as well as the whole human genome. MLPA and Sanger sequencing were used for mutation searching in a cohort of 199 index patients from Russia with aniridia and aniridia-related phenotypes. The relative frequencies of different categories of PAX6 mutations were consistent with those previously reported by other researchers. The ratio between substitutions, small indels, and chromosome deletions in the 11p13 locus was within the interval previously published for 20 disease associated genomic loci, but corresponded to a higher end due to very high frequencies of small indels and chromosome deletions. The ratio between substitutions, small indels, and chromosome deletions for disease associated genes, including the PAX6 gene as well as the share of PAX6 missense mutations, differed considerably from those typical for the whole genome

Primary microcephaly case from the Karachay-Cherkess Republic poses an additional support for microcephaly and Seckel syndrome spectrum disorders

Abstract Background Primary microcephaly represents an example of clinically and genetically heterogeneous condition. Here we describe a case of primary microcephaly from the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, which was initially diagnosed with Seckel syndrome. Case presentation Clinical exome sequencing of the proband revealed a novel homozygous single nucleotide deletion in ASPM gene, c.1386delC, resulting in preterm termination codon. Population screening reveals allele frequency to be less than 0.005. Mutations in this gene were not previously associated with Seckel syndrome. Conclusions Our case represents an additional support for the clinical continuum between Seckel Syndrome and primary microcephaly

The Interaction of the Gas Phase with the Germanium Melt in the Process of Crystals Growth

Проведен термодинамический анализ взаимодействия газовой фазы с расплавом в ходе выращивания монокристаллов германия. Рассмотрены процессы роста кристаллов в среде инертного газа и кристаллизации Ge в среде водорода. Установлена взаимосвязь концентрации кислорода в слитках полупроводникового германия с парциальным давлением кислорода в инертном газе и парциальным давлением водяного пара в водороде. Предложена термодинамическая модель взаимодействия кислорода и влаги в газовой среде с расплавом германияA thermodynamic analysis of the interaction of the gas phase with the germanium melt during of crystal growth was carried out. The processes of crystal growth in inert gas and crystallization of germanium in a hydrogen atmosphere was considered. Quantitative relationship of oxygen concentration in the semiconductor Ge with a of an inert gas and in hydrogen has been established. A thermodynamic model of the interaction of the gas phase with the germanium melt in the process of crystals growth was create

The Interaction of the Gas Phase with the Germanium Melt in the Process of Crystals Growth

Проведен термодинамический анализ взаимодействия газовой фазы с расплавом в ходе выращивания монокристаллов германия. Рассмотрены процессы роста кристаллов в среде инертного газа и кристаллизации Ge в среде водорода. Установлена взаимосвязь концентрации кислорода в слитках полупроводникового германия с парциальным давлением кислорода в инертном газе и парциальным давлением водяного пара в водороде. Предложена термодинамическая модель взаимодействия кислорода и влаги в газовой среде с расплавом германияA thermodynamic analysis of the interaction of the gas phase with the germanium melt during of crystal growth was carried out. The processes of crystal growth in inert gas and crystallization of germanium in a hydrogen atmosphere was considered. Quantitative relationship of oxygen concentration in the semiconductor Ge with a of an inert gas and in hydrogen has been established. A thermodynamic model of the interaction of the gas phase with the germanium melt in the process of crystals growth was create