DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC TRASH REMOVAL MACHINE USING IN AUTOMOBILE SERVICE STATIONS

In this project the proposal concept is to replace the manual work in drainage cleaning by automated system in Automobile service stations. We know that water has a great importance in human being life, the water flow in drain full of wastes like polythene, bottles, chemicals etc. The drains get blocked due to these wastes in water. Drainage are using for the disposal and unfortunately sometimes there may be loss of human life while cleaning the blockage in the drainages. To overcome this problem and to save the human life we implement design “Trash Removal System”. We designed our project to use this in efficient way to control the disposal of wastages and with regular filtration of wastages like chemicals, grease etc. This machine also uses battery for power supply and is locomotive system

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to <90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], >300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years

Machine Learning With Homomorphic Encryption For Linear Regression Model

Abstract—Machine learning jobs typically choose to transfer data and models to a third-party server to take use of cloud computing's compute and storage capability. Third-party servers, on the other hand, may experience data privacy breaches throughout the collection, storage, and use of data, particularly in the domains of finance, medical treatment, and biometrics. In the cipher-text domain, homomorphic encryption technology allows for cipher-text calculation without decryption and can be utilized for machine learning model training and prediction

Ergonomic Evaluation of Hand Tools Injuries among Indian Farmers

There are 800 million hand tools used on Indian farms by 260 million farm workers. This study was done in survey of two phases. In the first phase, data on agricultural related injuries was collected from nine contiguous villages in a total population of 19,723 persons. In the second phase of study 21 more villages were added and population covered in was 78,890. A total of576 and 282 agricultural injuries were reported in Phase-I and Phase-II respectively. Hand tools accounted for 332 (58%) and 54 (19%) of total agricultural injuries in the two phases of survey respectively. Most of the injuries i.e. 98% and 91% of the hand tool injuries caused were AIS I (45% and 17% of the total AIS I injuries) in Phase I and II. 70% of AIS I hand tool injuries had a recovery time of more than 7 days in Phase I. In phase II, all AIS I injuries took more than 7 days to recover. The mechanism of injuries was slippage of tool from hand or hitting a hard surface in impact type soil interactive tools (spade). The foot and legs were the body part injured most frequently in these tools. In case of harvesting tools (sickle), amputations of fingers and in weeding fork abrasions on under side of little finger because of ground contact were common injuries. In case of axe and sugar cane cutter injuries, higher severity injuries were sustained on upper extremities. There are 1700 injuries related to hand tools per hundred thousand farm workers per year in rural India. Productivity is impaired to the tune of24,000 days per hundred thousand population because of injuries caused by hand tools on farms

A 0D/2D Heterojunction Composite of Polymeric Carbon Nitride and ZIF-8-Derived ZnO for Photocatalytic Organic Pollutant Degradation

Solar photocatalytic technology based on semiconducting materials has gained the attention of the scientific community to solve the energy crisis and environmental remediation. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are a subfamily of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with the isomorphic topologies of zeolites and coordinative compositions of MOFs. Owing to high specific surface areas, tunable channels and high thermal stabilities, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) have been used in catalytic applications. In this paper, ZIF-8 was used as a matrix to synthesize 0D/2D heterojunction photocatalysts, viz., ZnO/C3N4-x% (x = 2.5, 5 and 10), for the photocatalytic degradation study of rhodamine B (RhB). The synthesized composite materials were characterized using FTIR, PXRD, UVDRS, PL, TEM, and BET analyses. TEM images showed the nearby contacts between ZnO and C3N4 in the hybrid and the uniform distribution of ZnO on the surface of the C3N4 nanosheet, thus increasing the development of 0D/2D heterojunction. The hybrid system ZnO/C3N4-5% (ZCN-5) showed good photocatalytic activity for the degradation of RhB under sunlight. A possible mechanism for the improved photocatalytic activity of the ZnO/C3N4 composite is also suggested. This exploratory study demonstrates the effective separation and migration of photo-induced electron–hole pairs between the 2D C3N4 sheet and 0D ZnO for the improved performance of heterojunction photocatalysts

Access to Urological Care for Medicaid-Insured Patients at Urology Practices Acquired by Private Equity Firms.

ObjectiveTo characterize appointment access for Medicaid-insured patients seeking care at urology practices affiliated with private equity firms in light of the recent national trends in practice consolidation.MethodsWe identified 214 urology offices affiliated with private equity firms that were geographically matched with 231 non-private equity affiliated urology offices. Using a standardized script, researchers posed as an adult patient with either Medicaid or commercial insurance in the clinical setting of new onset, painless hematuria. The primary outcome was whether the patient's insurance was accepted for an appointment. The secondary outcome was appointment wait time.ResultsWe conducted 815 appointment inquiry calls to 214 private equity (PE) and 231 non-PE-affiliated urology offices across 12 states. Appointment availability was higher for commercially-insured patients (99.0%; 95% CI: 98.1%-99.9%) vs Medicaid-insured patients (59.8%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 55.0%-64.6%) (P < .0001). Medicaid acceptance was higher at non-PE affiliated (66.8%; CI 60.4%-73.2%) than PE-affiliated practices (52.1%; 95% CI 45.0%-59.2%) (P = .003). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, state Medicaid expansion status (odds ratio [OR] 2.20; CI 1.14-4.28; P = .020) was independently associated with Medicaid appointment availability, whereas PE-affiliation (OR 0.55; CI 0.37-0.83; P = .004) was independently associated with lower Medicaid access. Appointment wait times did not differ significantly for commercially-insured vs Medicaid patients (19.2 vs 20.1 days; p = .59), but PE-affiliated practices offered shorter mean wait times than non-PE offices (17.5 vs 21.4 days; P = .017).ConclusionAccess disparities for urologic evaluation in patients with Medicaid insurance at urology practices and were more pronounced at private equity acquired practices