Práticas artísticas no ensino básico e secundário

A matéria-prima de que trata esta revista é base de trabalho para um ensino artístico alargado, estendendo-se fora dos limites da aula, transgredindo os limites formais dos curricula, implicando património e riqueza cultural, sensibilizando para o imaterial, criando públicos apreciadores e também agentes criadores. É toda uma comunidade que se interliga através dos valores imateriais que sempre foram os da arte. A tarefa do educador é muito alargada: exige-se que esteja à altura deste desígnio humanista, que é também um desafio ao destino da humanidade: pela educação artística constroem-se futuros, e sem arte há intolerância, materialismo, indiferença, alienação, morte. Os tempos que se vivem são exigentes. As questões da pós modernidade estão muito acesas, desde as que nos obrigam ao desassossego, como a sustentabilidade e a poluição, como as que nos implicam politicamente, como a justiça, os direitos civis, a desigualdade. Tudo isto é matéria com a qual se amassa um barro que pode ser mais ou menos criativo: trata-se de extrair a matéria-prima com que se pode fazer os blocos que constroem o futuro. Aos profissionais da educação e do ensino, esta consciência, ao mesmo tempo desamparada – os cortes da economia neoliberal transformaram a arte em indústria, e a sua educação em criação de consumidores – e ao mesmo tempo vigilante e interventiva. Os artigos que responderam a esta chamada, respondem, cada um a seu modo, a este desassossego, a este desconforto, a este mal-estar contemporâneo. Dispuseram-se segundo uma sequência que se articula com base em temas afins que se podem descrever sucintamente: Todos os que participaram neste número mostraram a sua matéria-prima, a sua reação à falta que a arte nos faz. A chamada soa, e ressoa, e é necessário que seja por todos ouvida, em todos os países. É simples: as artes estão em perigo. Perigo porque há menos horas, menos professores, menos opções, menos conhecimento. As reduções no horário, a eliminação de disciplinas tão importantes como a história da arte, fazem de cada professor um agente da resistência, um ser mais implicado na sobrevivência da chama da criação. Matéria-prima: matéria para resgatar a verdade humana, a arte, a expressão mais valiosa da sua vaidade. Resgatar o homem que Michel Foucault (1988: 412) vê ameaçado, como um rosto na areia, desenhado à beira-mar.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Eje : Perspectivas didácticas en la Enseñanza del Derecho : Síntesis subcomisión 3

Fil: Varela, María Celeste. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Derecho. Cátedra Módulo III Didáctica Especial de la Disciplina. Buenos Aires, ArgentinaFil: Varela, María Celeste. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Cátedra Didáctica General. Buenos Aires, ArgentinaFil: Fernández Carranza, María Nöel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Derecho. Catedra Pedagogía Universitaria. Buenos Aires, ArgentinaFacultad de DerechoNúmero Especial enteramente dedicado a las II Jornadas de Enseñanza del Derecho - noviembre 2012 -Facultad de Derecho. UBA. -- Perspectivas Didácticas en la Enseñanza del Derecho.--Síntesis subcomisión 3 - Trabajos presentados: -"De las clases expositivas al uso de estrategias de enseñanza variadas. Desafíos de los residentes del Profesorado en Ciencias Jurídicas" - Ambrosino de Costa, Patricia; Alconada, Miguel; Baez, Lujan.\n-"Evaluación del impacto pedagógico del uso del método de casos en las aulas" - Campari, Susana.\n-"Perspectivas didácticas en la enseñanza del derecho" - Costa, Irene. -"La metodología de los Juicios Simulados como una herramienta necesaria, lúdica y eficaz para la enseñanza del Derecho" - Murath Mansilla, Maximiliano Eduardo.\n-"Perspectivas didácticas en la enseñanza de la "Práctica Profesional" - Imas, Verónica; Zapata, Iris Elba

Crosstalk between Gibberellins and Abscisic Acid under Drought and Salinity

Plants adapt to drought and salinity integrating developmental and growth responses environmentally activated. Phytohormones tightly control the adaptive processes and coordinate the cellular responses to drought and salinity. Recent studies have uncovered novel roles of gibberellins (GAs) and abscisic acid (ABA) demonstrating that both phytohormones are involved in the whole plant responses to affront the stressful environmental signaling for growth and development. In this chapter, we emphasized the role and the crosstalk of GAs and ABA mediating plant responses under drought and salinity. The function of DELLA proteins as central regulators in the GA and ABA crosstalk is also emphasized.Fil: Llanes, Analia Susana. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Varela, María Celeste. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Luna, Maria Virginia. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentin

Infraestructura verde urbana: la naturaleza en la ciudad. Soluciones frente al crecimiento, el caso de Mar del Plata

Los acelerados procesos de urbanización contribuyen a acentuar numerosos problemas sociales y ambientales preexistentes debido a que a menudo se realizan con escasa planificación. En este marco, la Infraestructura Verde Urbana (IVU) aporta múltiples beneficios a la sociedad vinculados a los servicios ecosistémicos que provee. En esta nota abordamos la sustentabilidad de la IVU en la ciudad de Mar del Plata y su periurbano a fin de reflexionar sobre el estado de la misma y la calidad de servicios que provee. El trabajo permitió, por un lado, desarrollar una metodología replicable en otras ciudades y, por el otro, obtener un diagnóstico actualizado de la IVU de la nuestra. Fue realizado en el marco del concurso “Datos abiertos y ciudades verdes” de la Fundación Bunge y Born. Esperamos que los resultados contribuyan a generar estrategias de intervención urbana orientadas a revertir las problemáticas encontradas.Fil: Karis, Clara María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño. Instituto de Hábitat y Medio Ambiente; ArgentinaFil: Mujica, Camila Magalí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño. Instituto de Hábitat y Medio Ambiente; ArgentinaFil: Molpeceres, María Celeste. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Sociales y Politicos.; ArgentinaFil: Díaz Varela, María José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño. Instituto de Hábitat y Medio Ambiente; Argentin

Seasonal changes in morphophysiological traits of two native Patagonian shrubs from Argentina with different drought resistance strategies

In semi-arid regions, plants develop various biochemical and physiological strategies to adapt to dry periods. Understanding the resistance mechanisms to dry periods under field conditions is an important topic in ecology. Larrea divaricata and Lycium chilense provide various ecological services. The aim of this work is to elucidate new morpho-histological, biochemical and hormonal traits that contribute to the drought resistance strategies of two native shrubs. Green leaves and fine roots from L. divaricata and L. chilense were collected in each season for one year, and various traits were measured. The hormone (abscisic acid, ABA-glucose ester, gibberellins A1 and A3, and indole acetic acid) contents were determined by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Rainfall data and the soil water content were also measured. A multivariate analysis showed that green leaves from L. divaricata showed high values for the leaf dry weight, blade leaf thickness and ABA content in the summer compared with those from L. chilense. Fine roots from L. divaricata had high RWC and high IAA levels during the autumn-dry period compared with those from L. chilense, but both had similar levels during the winter and spring. Our results support the notion that species with different drought resistance mechanisms (avoidance or tolerance) display different responses to dry periods throughout the year. Larrea divaricata, which exhibits more xerophytic traits, modified its morphology and maintained its physiological parameters (high RWC in leaves and roots, high ABA levels in leaves during summer, high GA3 in leaves and high IAA in roots during autumn) to tolerate dry periods, whereas Lycium chilense, which displays more mesophytic traits, uses strategies to avoid dry periods (loss of leaves during autumn and winter, high RWC in leaves, high ABA-GE and GA3 in leaves during summer, high GA1 and GA3 in roots during summer, and high IAA in roots during autumn and summer) and thus has a metabolism that is more dependent on water availability for growth.Fil: Varela, María Celeste. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología Molecular. Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Reinoso, Herminda Elmira. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Luna, Maria Virginia. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología Molecular. Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Cenzano, Ana María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentin

Effect of drought on morphological and functional traits of Poa ligularis and Pappostipa speciosa, native perennial grasses with wide distribution in Patagonian rangelands, Argentina

Poa ligularis Nees. Ap. Steudel and Pappostipa speciosa (Trin. et Rupr.) Romaschenko are dominant perennial grasses in the arid Patagonian rangelands of Argentina. Both species are exposed to periods of water shortage during spring-summer and are grazed by domestic and native herbivores. Pappostipa speciosa displays xeromorphic adaptations and is less preferred by herbivores than P. ligularis. The knowledge of how drought affects morphological/functional traits in coexisting perennial grass species is useful to understanding the function of desert perennial grasses, and for the use and conservation of Patagonian arid rangelands. The hypothesis of this study was that co-existing perennial grasses contrasting in drought resistance mechanisms display different degrees of phenotypic plasticity in underlying and/or functional traits. Plants of both species were exposed to two levels of gravimetric soil moisture: 16% (~field capacity) and 4%. Plant vegetative and reproductive traits were measured weekly in individual plants and these were harvested at the end of the experiment. Aboveground and root biomass were separated in the harvested plants and the concentration of photosynthetic pigments was assessed in green leaves. The trait response range was also calculated through the plasticity index. In both species, drought stress led to significant reductions in plant height, total plant dry weight, number of total leaves, dry weight of green and senescent leaf, percentage of flowering plants, length of inflorescences, and number, length and dry weight of roots. The concentration of photosynthetic pigments increased under drought in both species. In conclusion, drought strongly affected reproductive and vegetative traits in both species and the greatest negative effect of drought was found in P. speciosa, the most conservative species. However, our findings might indicate that both species are able to maintain photosynthetic activity through the increase of photosynthetic pigments under drought conditions in Patagonian rangelands.Fil: Cenzano, Ana María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Bertiller, Monica Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Varela, María Celeste. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; ArgentinaFil: Luna, Maria Virginia. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales; Argentin

Abscisic acid and its metabolites are involved in drought tolerance in four native species of Patagonian semiarid shrublands (Argentina)

Drought is the main stress that affects growth of native species of Patagonian Monte. Physiological and biochemical traits with functional roles in adaptation to drought are still scarce in native species. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in dry matter content and abscisic acid (ABA) and its metabolites (phaseic acid-PA, dihydrophaseic acid-DPA, ABA conjugated with glucose-ABA-GE) level in green leaves and fine roots of four nativespecies during contrasting seasons regarding water availability. Results show that grasses had higher leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and root dry matter content (RDMC) than Lycium chilense shrub and LDMC decreased during autumnin Larrea divaricata. In green leaves, there was an interaction between species and seasons for ABA and PA contents. L. divaricata had high ABA content during spring and low ABA content during autumn; while L. chilense showed theopposite pattern. During spring, drought tolerant species had high PA content while drought avoidant species had low PA content, and during autumn these species showed the opposite pattern. ABA-GE content was highest in L. chilensegreen leaves. In fine roots, ABA content was highest in L. divaricata and during spring PA was higher in L. divaricata than P. ligularis and L. chilense. PA was the only metabolite that decreased in L. divaricata during autumn. Resultsshowed that ABA homeostasis maintains the functioning of different life forms with different drought resistance strategies in Patagonia semiarid shrublands. In green leaves of the drought avoidant L. chilense shrub, the ABAconjugation pathway was active in both seasons. During spring, the most drought tolerant L. divaricata showed highest activation of ABA synthesis and ABA oxidation pathways. During autumn L. chilense showed highest activation of ABA synthesis and together with P. ligularis showed active the ABA oxidation pathway.Fil: Cenzano, Ana María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; ArgentinaFil: Reginato, Mariana Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Varela, María Celeste. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Luna, Maria Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales; Argentin

Effects of sub-lethal food grade antioxidant doses and environmental stressors on growth, sclerotia, aflatoxins and aflD (nor-1) expression by Aspergillus parasiticus RCP08300

The aim of the work was to examine the effects of sub-lethal doses of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (1+1 mmol/l and 5+5 mmol/l), water activities (0.98, 0.95, 0.93, 0.89 aW) and temperatures (28, 20 °C) on growth, sclerotial characteristics, aflatoxin accumulation and aflD (=nor-1) transcript level by Aspergillus parasiticus RCP08300 on peanut based medium. Growth rate and aflatoxin production were inhibited by BHA-BHT mixture (1+1 mmol/l), regardless of environmental factor assayed. Although sclerotia number and aflD expression were stimulated by this treatment, sclerotia dry weight and volume were reduced by 62.3 and 31.2%, respectively. In contrast, when the fungus grew in presence of the higher dose of BHA-BHT mixture none or very low aflatoxin accumulation and aflD expression occurred. Similarly, A. parasiticus growth has been highly influenced by BHA-BHT (5+5 mmol/l) and interacting stress factors. Data show that sub-lethal antioxidant doses significantly reduced growth and aflatoxin accumulation by A. parasiticus but these treatments were not able to repress the expression of the early expression gene (aflD) involved in aflatoxin biosynthesis. Thus, this represents a high potential risk of stored peanuts contamination with aflatoxins.Fil: Passone, Maria Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigación en Micología y Micotoxicología. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación en Micología y Micotoxicología; ArgentinaFil: Rosso, Laura Cristina. Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche. Istituto Per la Protezione Sostenibile Delle Piante; Italia. Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche. Istituto Per la Protezione Sostenibile Delle Piante; ItaliaFil: Varela, María Celeste. Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche. Istituto Per la Protezione Sostenibile Delle Piante; Italia. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ciancio, A.. Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche. Istituto Per la Protezione Sostenibile Delle Piante; Italia. Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche. Istituto Per la Protezione Sostenibile Delle Piante; ItaliaFil: Etcheverry, Miriam Graciela. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigación en Micología y Micotoxicología. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación en Micología y Micotoxicología; Argentin

Naturalism, Agency and Ethics in Ethnographic Research with children. Suggestions for Debate

La perspective ethnographique s’est répandue au cours des décennies passées, en particulier dans le domaine des études de l’enfance. Bien que cette perspective soit très bien accueillie, il n’en reste pas moins vrai qu’on éprouve une certaine inquiétude par rapport au fait que l’expression « donner de la place à la voix des enfants » est devenue un cliché, à la fois dans et en dehors du champ académique. L’article entend contribuer au débat à propos de l’enfance, de l’ethnographie et de l’agencéité sur la base de certains résultats issus d’un projet de recherche collective initié en 2008 à l’Université de Buenos Aires. Le projet porte sur le lien entre les approches méthodologiques et les approches conceptuelles de l’enfance et des enfants d’une part; entre l’enquête ethnographique, concernant l’agencéité des enfants, et les considérations éthiques d’autre part.The ethnographic perspective has been expanded beyond anthropology in the past decades, particularly in the field of childhood studies. We welcome this new perspective but are also concerned because the rhetoric of “giving voice to children’s voices” has become commonplace both inside and outside the academic field. In this paper we would like to contribute to this debate on childhood, ethnography and agency by presenting some results of a collective research project –which began at the Universidad de Buenos Aires in 2008. We will address the profound connection between methodological and conceptual approaches to childhood and children, the ethnographic inquiry into children’s agency and some ethical considerations on such ethnographic work.Fil: Szulc, Andrea Paola. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Hecht, Ana Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Hernández, María Celeste. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Leavy, Maria Pia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Varela, Melina Damiana. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Veron, Lorena. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Finchelstein, Ines. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentin