FACTORS RELATED TO BIOLOGICAL ACCIDENTS AMONG PROFESSIONAL OF NURSING

La intensa rutina de actividades ejercidas por los profesionales de enfermería en las emergencias hospitalariaspuede aumentar el riesgo de un accidente por la sobrecarga de trabajo. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo investigarfactores relacionados a la ocurrencia de accidentes con material biológico entre 101 profesionales de enfermería actuantesen unidad de emergencia. Los resultados mostraron que los sujetos relacionaron la necesidad de agilidad en la ejecuciónde las actividades, la carga horaria elevada y el reencape de agujas como las principales causas de los accidentes.Resaltamos la gran importancia de la implementación de programas de orientación y capacitación para reducir esosagravios a la salud de los trabajadores.A intensa rotina de atividades exercidas pelos profissionais de enfermagem nas emergências hospitalares podeaumentar o risco de um acidente pela sobrecarga de trabalho. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar fatoresrelacionados à ocorrência de acidentes com material biológico entre 101 profissionais de enfermagem atuantes em unidadede emergência. Os resultados evidenciaram que os sujeitos relacionaram a necessidade de agilidade na execução dasatividades; a carga horária elevada e o reencape de agulhas como as principais causas de acidentes. Ressaltamos a grandeimportância de implementação de programas de orientação e treinamento, a fim de minimizar esses agravos à saúde dostrabalhadores.The intense routine of tasks performed by the nursing professionals in emergency hospital units increasesthe risk of an accident because of the work overload. This research aims to identify and analyze the occurrence, among thenursing team, of work accidents with biological material at the emergency hospital units. The study had a sample of 101employees of the nursing team. The results showed that accidents related to the need for agility in the execution ofactivities, the shifts of 24 hours, and recapping of needles, are the major causes of accidents. It is important to emphasizethe importance of implementation of guidance and training to minimize those rates

Farmacologia clínica da doença de Parkinson: Clinical pharmacology of Parkinson's disease

As patologias neurodegenerativas cursam com depleção progressiva e irreversível dos neurônios existentes em regiões específicas do cérebro. A Doença de Parkinson (DP) é um protótipo, na qual o extravio neuronal do hipocampo e do córtex resulta em déficit de memória e disfunção cognitiva. O seguinte artigo objetivou descrever de modo narrativo as considerações clínicas da doença de Parkinson que justifiquem a ação farmacológica dos fármacos empregados em sua terapêutica. Atualmente, a intervenção farmacológica e a cirúrgica não são capazes de reverter o quadro clínico, mas evitam a progressão da morbimortalidade da DP. O tratamento é individual, baseado na reação específica, o quadro clínico, resposta farmacológica e aspectos socioeconômicos, ocupacionais e emocionais. A finalidade se baseia em perpetuar a autonomia e funcionalidade, o máximo de tempo possível. A escolha dos fármacos mais apropriados para cada paciente e o início do tratamento e o acompanhamento ao longo da evolução são etapas difíceis. Devido a cronicidade, o tratamento deve continuar por toda a vida, considerando que os fármacos e suas doses mudam com o tempo, o surgimento de efeitos adversos

Genome of Herbaspirillum seropedicae Strain SmR1, a Specialized Diazotrophic Endophyte of Tropical Grasses

The molecular mechanisms of plant recognition, colonization, and nutrient exchange between diazotrophic endophytes and plants are scarcely known. Herbaspirillum seropedicae is an endophytic bacterium capable of colonizing intercellular spaces of grasses such as rice and sugar cane. The genome of H. seropedicae strain SmR1 was sequenced and annotated by The Paraná State Genome Programme—GENOPAR. The genome is composed of a circular chromosome of 5,513,887 bp and contains a total of 4,804 genes. The genome sequence revealed that H. seropedicae is a highly versatile microorganism with capacity to metabolize a wide range of carbon and nitrogen sources and with possession of four distinct terminal oxidases. The genome contains a multitude of protein secretion systems, including type I, type II, type III, type V, and type VI secretion systems, and type IV pili, suggesting a high potential to interact with host plants. H. seropedicae is able to synthesize indole acetic acid as reflected by the four IAA biosynthetic pathways present. A gene coding for ACC deaminase, which may be involved in modulating the associated plant ethylene-signaling pathway, is also present. Genes for hemagglutinins/hemolysins/adhesins were found and may play a role in plant cell surface adhesion. These features may endow H. seropedicae with the ability to establish an endophytic life-style in a large number of plant species

Cohort Profile: Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study

The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study was established to assess the prevalence of chronic airflow obstruction, a key characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and its risk factors in adults (≥40 years) from general populations across the world. The baseline study was conducted between 2003 and 2016, in 41 sites across Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, the Caribbean and Oceania, and collected high-quality pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry from 28 828 participants. The follow-up study was conducted between 2019 and 2021, in 18 sites across Africa, Asia, Europe and the Caribbean. At baseline, there were in these sites 12 502 participants with high-quality spirometry. A total of 6452 were followed up, with 5936 completing the study core questionnaire. Of these, 4044 also provided high-quality pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry. On both occasions, the core questionnaire covered information on respiratory symptoms, doctor diagnoses, health care use, medication use and ealth status, as well as potential risk factors. Information on occupation, environmental exposures and diet was also collected

Overexpression of <i>HMGA1</i> Figures as a Potential Prognostic Factor in Endometrioid Endometrial Carcinoma (EEC)

Endometrioid endometrial carcinomas (EEC) are the most common malignant gynecologic tumors. Despite the increase in EEC molecular knowledge, the identification of new biomarkers involved in disease&#8217;s development and/or progression would represent an improvement in its course. High-mobility group A protein (HMGA) family members are frequently overexpressed in a wide range of malignancies, correlating with a poor prognosis. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze HMGA1 and HMGA2 expression pattern and their potential role as EEC biomarkers. HMGA1 and HMGA2 expression was initially evaluated in a series of 46 EEC tumors (stages IA to IV), and the findings were then validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) EEC cohort, comprising 381 EEC tumors (stages IA to IV). Our results reveal that HMGA1 and HMGA2 mRNA and protein are overexpressed in ECC, but only HMGA1 expression is associated with increased histological grade and tumor size. Moreover, HMGA1 but not HMGA2 overexpression was identified as a negative prognostic factor to EEC patients. Finally, a positive correlation between expression of HMGA1 pseudogenes&#8212;HMGA1-P6 and HMGA1-P7&#8212;and HMGA1 itself was detected, suggesting HMGA1 pseudogenes may play a role in HMGA1 expression regulation in EEC. Thus, these results indicate that HMGA1 overexpression possesses a potential role as a prognostic biomarker for EEC

Demographic history of the Magellanic Penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) on the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of South America

Spatial subdivision, local extinction and recolonization influence the genetic variation of natural populations. Different levels of population structure can be identified in nature, from panmictic populations, in which high gene flow homogenizes diversity across localities, to metapopulations, where combinations of moderate to high levels of population differentiation and source-sink population dynamics are expected. Gene flow, dispersal and recolonization can be affected by changes in ecological conditions such as climate and resource distribution. Evaluating demographic history is crucial for understanding current population dynamics. We assessed a mitchondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region and microsatellite data for 210 Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) from 13 breeding colonies on the coastlines of Chile and Argentina, covering a great portion of the species’ distribution. We found high levels of genetic diversity and detected two genetic-geographic regions, Pacific and Atlantic, probably due to interruption of the connection between the oceans during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), when several parts of the Magellanic Channel were connected to the continent. The Atlantic ocean colonies showed a slight differentiation between the northern and southern colonies, and the Falkand/Malvinas one seems to be a mix of northern, southern and Pacific colonies. Magellanic Penguins showed intense gene flown among colonies, and exhibited low levels of genetic differentiation in each region. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the Magellanic Penguin experienced a population expansion around 17,500 years ago, which is in agreement with the timing of a decreased sea level and the exposure of the continental shelf along the coast of Argentina and the Falkland/Malvinas Islands at the end of the LGM. Thus, our results suggest that climate changes that affect the sea level in South America can play important roles in the migration of Magellanic Penguins.Fil: Dantas, Gisele Pires Mendonça. Pontificia Universidade Catolica de Minas Gerais; . Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: Maria, Gabriella Cardoso. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Marasco, Anna Carolina Milo. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Castro, Larissa Tormena. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Almeida, Vanessa Simão. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Santos, Fabricio Rodrigues. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: Rosa de Oliveira, Larissa. Universidade Do Vale Do Rio Dos Sinos; BrasilFil: Crespo, Enrique Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Frere, Esteban. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Milliones, Anna. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; ArgentinaFil: González Acuña, Daniel. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Morgante, João Stenghel. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Vianna, Juliana A.. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Chile. Universidad Católica de Chile; Chil

Transcriptome analyses of the cortex and white matter of focal cortical dysplasia type II: Insights into pathophysiology and tissue characterization

IntroductionFocal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a common cause of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. According to the 2022 International League Against Epilepsy classification, FCD type II is characterized by dysmorphic neurons (IIa and IIb) and may be associated with balloon cells (IIb). We present a multicentric study to evaluate the transcriptomes of the gray and white matters of surgical FCD type II specimens. We aimed to contribute to pathophysiology and tissue characterization.MethodsWe investigated FCD II (a and b) and control samples by performing RNA-sequencing followed by immunohistochemical validation employing digital analyses.ResultsWe found 342 and 399 transcripts differentially expressed in the gray matter of IIa and IIb lesions compared to controls, respectively. Cholesterol biosynthesis was among the main enriched cellular pathways in both IIa and IIb gray matter. Particularly, the genes HMGCS1, HMGCR, and SQLE were upregulated in both type II groups. We also found 12 differentially expressed genes when comparing transcriptomes of IIa and IIb lesions. Only 1 transcript (MTRNR2L12) was significantly upregulated in FCD IIa. The white matter in IIa and IIb lesions showed 2 and 24 transcripts differentially expressed, respectively, compared to controls. No enriched cellular pathways were detected. GPNMB, not previously described in FCD samples, was upregulated in IIb compared to IIa and control groups. Upregulations of cholesterol biosynthesis enzymes and GPNMB genes in FCD groups were immunohistochemically validated. Such enzymes were mainly detected in both dysmorphic and normal neurons, whereas GPNMB was observed only in balloon cells.DiscussionOverall, our study contributed to identifying cortical enrichment of cholesterol biosynthesis in FCD type II, which may correspond to a neuroprotective response to seizures. Moreover, specific analyses in either the gray or the white matter revealed upregulations of MTRNR2L12 and GPNMB, which might be potential neuropathological biomarkers of a cortex chronically exposed to seizures and of balloon cells, respectively

Transcriptome analyses of the cortex and white matter of focal cortical dysplasia type II: Insights into pathophysiology and tissue characterization

Introduction Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a common cause of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. According to the 2022 International League Against Epilepsy classification, FCD type II is characterized by dysmorphic neurons (IIa and IIb) and may be associated with balloon cells (IIb). We present a multicentric study to evaluate the transcriptomes of the gray and white matters of surgical FCD type II specimens. We aimed to contribute to pathophysiology and tissue characterization. Methods We investigated FCD II (a and b) and control samples by performing RNA-sequencing followed by immunohistochemical validation employing digital analyses. Results We found 342 and 399 transcripts differentially expressed in the gray matter of IIa and IIb lesions compared to controls, respectively. Cholesterol biosynthesis was among the main enriched cellular pathways in both IIa and IIb gray matter. Particularly, the genes HMGCS1, HMGCR, and SQLE were upregulated in both type II groups. We also found 12 differentially expressed genes when comparing transcriptomes of IIa and IIb lesions. Only 1 transcript (MTRNR2L12) was significantly upregulated in FCD IIa. The white matter in IIa and IIb lesions showed 2 and 24 transcripts differentially expressed, respectively, compared to controls. No enriched cellular pathways were detected. GPNMB, not previously described in FCD samples, was upregulated in IIb compared to IIa and control groups. Upregulations of cholesterol biosynthesis enzymes and GPNMB genes in FCD groups were immunohistochemically validated. Such enzymes were mainly detected in both dysmorphic and normal neurons, whereas GPNMB was observed only in balloon cells. Discussion Overall, our study contributed to identifying cortical enrichment of cholesterol biosynthesis in FCD type II, which may correspond to a neuroprotective response to seizures. Moreover, specific analyses in either the gray or the white matter revealed upregulations of MTRNR2L12 and GPNMB, which might be potential neuropathological biomarkers of a cortex chronically exposed to seizures and of balloon cells, respectively