Encapsulation of naproxen in nanostructured system: structural characterization and in vitro release studies

Nanoparticles were produced by solvent emulsification evaporation method with the following characteristics: nanometric size (238 ± 3 nm), narrow polydispersity index (0.11), negative zeta potential (-15.1 mV), good yield of the process (73 ± 1.5%), excellent encapsulation efficiency (81.3 ± 4.2%) and spherical shape. X-rays diffraction demonstrated the loss of drug crystallinity after encapsulation; however, the profile of the diffractograms of the poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles was kept. Differential scanning calorimetry thermograms, correspondingly, exhibited the loss of drug melting peak and the increasing of the melting point of the PCL nanoparticles, evidencing an interaction drug-polymer. Naproxen release was low and sustained obeying the Higuchi´s kinetic. The results show that nanoparticles are promising sustained release system to the naproxen

Tipo de carne da dieta e perfil lipídico sérico em pacientes com diabete melito tipo 2 com nefropatia diabética

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PERDA DE PESO ASSOCIADA AO USO DE SEMAGLUTIDA: EFICÁCIA E MECANISMO DE AÇÃO

Este estudo possui o objetivo de analisar e fazer a exposição da relação entre o uso de semaglutida e a perda de peso, fazendo a análise dos mecanismos de ação e da sua eficácia. Para tanto, este trabalho é uma revisão integrativa que foi feita com base na busca dos seguintes Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) feita na base de dados PubMed: weight; loss; and; semaglutide. Sendo escolhidos apenas artigos publicados de 2022 a 2023, até a data de 03/11/2023, em que foi encontrado 23 artigos, sendo estes analisados em sua integralidade, onde 13 foram excluídos e apenas 10 foram utilizados para a realização deste trabalho. A obesidade, por ser uma doença de extrema crescente e por trazer diversas complicações cardiovasculares e metabólicas necessita de uma terapia farmacológica, para além de uma terapia de mudança de hábitos de vida, dessa forma, para atender esta demanda surgiu o medicamento semaglutida que se mostrou eficaz na redução do peso e índice de massa corporal. Com base nessas informações é necessária a união de diversos artigos com relação a esta temática para que haja a ampliação dos conhecimentos de profissionais de saúde e pacientes, além de proporcionar uma maior evidenciação dos efeitos da semaglutida

Perfil lipídico de pacientes com diabete melito tipo 2 com e sem nefropatia diabética

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Composição sérica dos ácidos graxos em pacientes com diabete melito tipo 2 microalbuminúria

03

AVANÇOS NA CIRURGIA DE RECONSTRUÇÃO DE TECIDOS MOLES

A cirurgia de reconstrução de tecidos moles tem avançado significativamente, com melhorias em técnicas e materiais. Este artigo revisa os recentes progressos, destacando o uso de retalhos livres como o anterolateral da coxa (ALT) e o radial do antebraço (RFF). Estudos mostram que o ALT é versátil e possui baixa morbidade no sítio doador, sendo eficaz em reconstruções de cavidade oral e extremidades inferiores. A análise de diversos estudos demonstra melhorias na taxa de sucesso dos procedimentos e redução nas complicações. Este artigo discute técnicas cirúrgicas, critérios de seleção de pacientes e resultados clínicos, proporcionando uma visão abrangente das práticas atuais na reconstrução de tecidos moles.&nbsp

The Family Health Support Core (NASF) And Health Practices: Are There Many Challenges To Be Overcome?

Objective: Describe and characterize NASF health practices. Method: It is a review of current literature carried out by consulting the database Lilacs and Virtual Library of SciELO in the period from December 2016 to January 2017. Conclusion: It is concluded that, although the NASF is recognized as a support to the Family Health Strategy (FHS), still does not act in an articulated way, being fundamental that changes take place in the organization of the services and in the conduct of the health professionals who contemplate it. Descriptors: Primary Health Care. Family Health; Public Health Policies. Nursing

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For schoolaged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median). Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesit