Beleving van informele dwang bij zorggebruikers en hulpverleners in de geestelijke gezondheidszorg

De samenleving tolereert deviant gedrag steeds minder. Tegelijk is er meer aandacht voor zelfbeschikkingsrecht. Dit plaatst hulpverleners voor ethische dilemma’s. In de beschrijving van dit onderzoek wordt nagegaan op welke manier zorggebruikers en hulpverleners binnen de geestelijke gezondheidszorg informele dwang, geïnitieerd door hulpverleners, percipiëren. Tien zorggebruikers en tien hulpverleners uit vijf residentiële psychiatrische settings binnen West-Vlaanderen namen deel aan een multiple casestudy. Uit dit onderzoek blijkt dat afdelingsregels, adviseren, confronteren en stimuleren veelgebruikte vormen van informele dwang zijn. Hulpverleners zetten informele dwang in wanneer ze de zorggebruiker willen behoeden voor risico’s, vaak vanuit een gevoel van eigen onmacht. Informele dwang kan ondersteunend ervaren worden als er geen veroordeling aan gekoppeld wordt, de handeling op vraag van de zorggebruiker komt en er keuzevrijheid en transparantie wordt geboden. Om machtsreductie te bewerkstelligen is reflectie op informele dwang noodzakelijk. Een continue dialoog tussen hulpverleners en zorggebruikers en aandacht voor relatieopbouw kan de paradigmashift naar herstelgerichte zorg met minder disproportioneel gebruik van dwang bevorderen

Clinical outcome and toxicity after simultaneous integrated boost IMRT in head and neck squamous cell cancer patients.

A simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) allows to irradiate different target volumes to different dose levels within a single treatment session without increasing the toxicity.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Monte Carlo dose calculations of shielding disks with different material combinations in intraoperative electron radiation therapy (IOERT)

Shielding disks play an important role in intraoperative electron radiation therapy, and different designs are currently used in clinical practice. This paper investigates the dosimetric impact of the shielding disk used during intraoperative electron radiation therapy (IOERT).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

3D Monte Carlo dosimetry of intraoperative electron radiation therapy (IOERT)

Purpose: This paper studies the feasibility of using Monte Carlo (MC) for treatment planning of intraoperative electron radiation therapy (IOERT) procedure to get 3D dose by using patient's CT images. Methods: The IOERT treatment planning was performed using the following successive steps: I) The Mobetron 1000® machine was modelled with the EGSnrc MC codes. II) The MC model was validated with measurements of percentage depth doses and profiles for three energies (12, 9, 6) MeV. III) CT images were imported as DICOM files. IV) Contouring of the planning target volume (PTV) and the organs at risk was done by the radiation oncologist. V) The medical physicist with the radiation oncologist, had chosen the same parameters of IOERT procedures like energy, applicator (type, size) and using or not bolus. VI) Finally, dose calculation and analysis of 3D maps was carried out. Results: The tuning process of the MC model provides good results, as the maximum value of the root mean square deviation (RMSD) was less than 3% between the MC simulated PDDs and the measured PDDs. The contouring and dose analysis review were easy to conduct for the classical treatment planning system. The radiation oncologist had many tools for dose analysis such as DVH and color wash for all the slides. Summation of the 3D dose of IOERT with other radiotherapy plans is possible and helpful for total dose estimation. Archiving and documentation is as good as treatment planning system (TPS). Conclusions: The method displayed in this paper provides a step forward for IOERT Dosimetry and allows to obtain accurate dosimetry of treated volumes.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

An in situ investigation of the water-induced phase transformation of UTSA-74 to MOF-74(Zn)

We report the water-induced transformation of the [Zn2(dobdc)] (dobdc = 2,5-dioxidobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylate) metal–organic framework UTSA-74 to its polymorph MOF-74(Zn), contrary to a previous report on the stability of UTSA-74 under such conditions. This dissolution–recrystallization process was investigated using time-resolved in situ X-ray diffraction and kinetically analyzed using the Gualtieri crystallization model.status: publishe

Rh-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Amino Acids to Biobased Amino Alcohols: Tackling Challenging Substrates and Application to Protein Hydrolysates

© Copyright 2018 American Chemical Society. While protein-rich biomass waste is nowadays mainly used for animal feed, conversion of its amino acid constituents to nitrogenous chemicals is a potential higher value route. To that end, the hydrogenation of amino acids to amino alcohols was studied in this work. Using a bimetallic Rh-MoOx/SiO2 catalyst, glutamic acid was for the first time hydrogenated to the aminodiol in high yield. By minimizing partial reduction and consecutive hydrogenolysis and by suppressing the competitive cyclization to pyroglutamic acid (and derivatives thereof), glutamidiol was obtained in 77% yield at 70 bar H2 and 80 °C. High yields (typically >80%) and selectivities were also achieved for most other natural amino acids, except for the S-containing amino acids cysteine and methionine, which act as catalyst poisons. This limitation was overcome by applying a simple oxidation step with performic acid prior to the hydrogenation. The system was applied successfully to a mixture of amino acids obtained by hydrolysis of preoxidized bovine serum albumin. Amino alcohols were produced with high overall conversion (>90%) and selectivity (88%) without the need for an intermediate, expensive, and difficult separation step. The reaction proceeds with very high atom economies for both carbon and nitrogen and generates only water as a byproduct.status: publishe

ER Lipid Defects in Neuropeptidergic Neurons Impair Sleep Patterns in Parkinson's Disease

Parkinson's disease patients report disturbed sleep patterns long before motor dysfunction. Here, in parkin and pink1 models, we identify circadian rhythm and sleep pattern defects and map these to specific neuropeptidergic neurons in fly models and in hypothalamic neurons differentiated from patient induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Parkin and Pink1 control the clearance of mitochondria by protein ubiquitination. Although we do not observe major defects in mitochondria of mutant neuropeptidergic neurons, we do find an excess of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial contacts. These excessive contact sites cause abnormal lipid trafficking that depletes phosphatidylserine from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and disrupts the production of neuropeptide-containing vesicles. Feeding mutant animals phosphatidylserine rescues neuropeptidergic vesicle production and acutely restores normal sleep patterns in mutant animals. Hence, sleep patterns and circadian disturbances in Parkinson's disease models are explained by excessive ER-mitochondrial contacts, and blocking their formation or increasing phosphatidylserine levels rescues the defects in vivo.status: publishe

An in situ investigation of the water-induced phase transformation of UTSA-74 to MOF-74(Zn)

We report the water-induced transformation of the [Zn$_2$(dobdc)] (dobdc = 2,5-dioxidobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylate) metal–organic framework UTSA-74 to its polymorph MOF-74(Zn), contrary to a previous report on the stability of UTSA-74 under such conditions. This dissolution–recrystallization process was investigated using time-resolved in situ X-ray diffraction and kinetically analyzed using the Gualtieri crystallization model

Adsorptive desulfurization with CPO-27/MOF-74: an experimental and computational investigation

International audienceBy combining experimental adsorption isotherms, microcalorimetric data, infrared spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations the adsorption behaviour of the CPO-27/MOF-74 series (Ni, Co, Mg, Cu, and Zn) in the desulfurization of fuels is evaluated. The results show a clear influence of the metal ion on the adsorption capacity and affinity for S-heterocyclic compounds, with CPO-27(Ni) being the best performing material both in terms of capacity and affinity. The microcalorimetric data and infrared spectroscopy confirm the high affinity of CPO-27(Ni) for thiophene and similar compounds, while the computational data reveal that the origin of this outstanding adsorption performance is the strong sulfur-metal interaction