215 research outputs found
In vitro evaluation of root canals obturated with four different techniques. Part 2 : Apical leakage
No abstract available.www.sada.co.zaam201
In vitro evaluation of root canals obturated with four different techniques. Part 3 : Obturation of lateral canals
According to Schilder,1,2,3 the main objective of endodontic
treatment procedures should be the cleaning and filling of
the root canal in its entire extent, including all lateral canals
and apical ramifications.http://www.sada.co.zaam2013mn201
In vitro evaluation of root canals obturated with four different techniques. Part 1 : Radiographic evaluation
No abstract available.http://www.sada.co.zaam201
Antimicrobial efficacy of nine different root canal irrigation solutions
Endodontic therapy is a debridement procedure that requires removal of the irritants from the canal and periapical tissues if the treatment is to be successful. It is well established that bacteria are the main etiological factors in the development of dentinal caries and its progression to pulpal and periapical disease. E. faecalis is the bacterial species most frequently recovered from root-filled teeth. Studies have shown that E. faecalis is able to withstand a high alkaline environment such as the one generated by calcium hydroxide. The resistance appears to be related to a cell proton-pump that is necessary for survival of the bacterium at high pH. Therefore, E. faecalis is able to form biofilms even in calcium-hydroxide-medicated root canals. In addition, under starved conditions, this resilient organism shows tolerance to sodium hypochlorite, heat, hydrogen peroxide, acid and ethanol. E. faecalis can also survive extended periods of starvation in water, within water-filled dentinal tubules, and in human serum.http://www.sada.co.zaam201
The influence of glide path preparation on the failure rate of WaveOne reciprocating instruments
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to determine the
influence of two different glide path preparation methods
on the fracture rate of the Primary 25/08 WaveOne reciprocating
instrument. Preparation times for different glide path
methods and total time for root canal preparation, with and
without prior glide path preparation, were also calculated.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: ISO 15, 0.02 taper Endo-Training-
Blocks (n = 300) were selected and randomly divided
into three main groups (n = 100): Group 1: no glide path
(control); Group 2: glide path preparation with stainless-steel
hand files; and Group 3: glide path preparation with rotary
PathFiles. The time taken to prepare each glide path was
recorded. The specimens in each main group were then
randomly assigned into five subgroups (n=20). New Primary
25/08 WaveOne files were used for canal preparation in
each subgroup. The outcome was measured by recording
how many simulated canals could be shaped with one WaveOne
reciprocating file in each subgroup before instrument
breakage occurred. The average time it took to prepare
each of the simulated canals was calculated and recorded.
The data were collected and statistically analysed using the
ANOVA / Bonferroni test.
RESULTS: Glide path preparation with PathFiles was significantly
faster than with hand files (P<0.001). After the glide
path preparation had been performed with PathFiles, a
greater number of simulated canals could be prepared before
failure of the WaveOne file (P<0.001). Root canal preparation
time was significantly shorter (P<0.001) when an initial
glide path had been prepared with PathFiles. CONCLUSION : Initial glide path preparation with PathFiles resulted in shorter preparation times and allowed a higher number of simulated canals to be prepared before failure of the WaveOne instruments.http://www.sada.co.za2015-07-30am201
Errors in root canal preparation : a review of the literature and clinical case reports
Chemo-mechanical preparation and the removal of
infected dentine in order to eliminate microorganisms
and avoid apical periodontitis remain the main objectives
in endodontic treatment.
Mechanical preparation of the root canal system not
only provides the space for obturation but also facilitates
disinfection of the root canal system through the use of
irrigation solutions.
Iatrogenic preparation errors affect the root canal anatomy
and can result in apical canal transportation,
uncentered preparations, ledge formation, or perforations.
These errors are all associated with inferior outcomes of
endodontic treatment.
In this paper, the authors will discuss a review of the
literature which considers some of these procedural
errors and, using clinical case studies, will illustrate the
appropriate clinical management when errors do occur.https://www.sada.co.za/the-sadjam2021Odontolog
Expression of a Small Ubiquitin-Like Modifier Protease Increases Drought Tolerance in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Post-translation modification of proteins plays a critical role in cellular signaling processes. In recent years, the SUMO (Small Ubiquitin-Like Modifier) class of molecules has emerged as an influential mechanism for target protein management. SUMO proteases play a vital role in regulating pathway flux and are therefore ideal targets for manipulating stress-responses. In the present study, the expression of an Arabidopsis thaliana cysteine protease (OVERLY TOLERANT TO SALT-1, OTS1) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has led to improved plant growth under water stress conditions. Transformed wheat (pUBI-OTS1) displayed enhanced growth and delayed senescence under water deficit when compared with untransformed Gamtoos-R genotype or plants carrying an empty vector. Transformed pUBI-OTS1 plants also maintained a high relative moisture content (RMC), had a higher photosynthesis rate, and also had a higher total chlorophyll content when compared to untransformed plants or plants carrying an empty vector. SUMOylation of total protein also increased in untransformed plants but not in the AtOTS1 transformed plants. Our results suggest that SUMO-proteases may influence an array of mechanisms in wheat to the advantage of the crop to be more tolerant to water stress caused by drought. This is the first report to elucidate SUMOylation effects in the hexaploid crop wheat (T. aestivum L.)
Breaking into the conversation: cultural value and the role of the South African National Arts Festival from apartheid to democracy
The paper examines the value of the South African National Arts Festival (NAF) in the transition to democracy using theories of cultural capital. NAF history from 1974 to 2004 is used to argue that the Festival provided an important arena for the expression of political resistance in the 1980s and, to some degree, continues to do so today. It is concluded that an important part of the value of the arts is their ability to provide a forum for debating the goals and values of society and that individualistic utility theory is not always successful in measuring such social value
The -dependence of the generalised Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn integral for the deuteron, proton and neutron
The Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn (GDH) sum rule connects the anomalous contribution
to the magnetic moment of the target nucleus with an energy-weighted integral
of the difference of the helicity-dependent photoabsorption cross sections. The
data collected by HERMES with a deuterium target are presented together with a
re-analysis of previous measurements on the proton. This provides a measurement
of the generalised GDH integral covering simultaneously the nucleon-resonance
and the deep inelastic scattering regions. The contribution of the
nucleon-resonance region is seen to decrease rapidly with increasing . The
DIS contribution is sizeable over the full measured range, even down to the
lowest measured . As expected, at higher the data are found to be in
agreement with previous measurements of the first moment of . From data on
the deuteron and proton, the GDH integral for the neutron has been derived and
the proton--neutron difference evaluated. This difference is found to satisfy
the fundamental Bjorken sum rule at GeV.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figure
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