An integral shannon-based view on smart front-ends (invited)

This paper describes how trends in information society, communication technology, microwave technology, and IC-design technology, ask for a different view on front-ends. The communication channel will be described from a high level, as one dasiaShannon channelpsila, comprising a chain of cascaded sub channels. Trends influencing each sub channel will be addressed. From that, we will argue that an integral approach to the design of the communication chain will be a prerequisite for the design of future front-ends. Moreover, the design of the front-end will become dominated by the IC part of the chain, rather than by the transmission channel, which will lead to dasiaconversion-drivenpsila rather than dasiatransmission-channel drivenpsila analog front-ends. Finally, it will be shown that future converters will have to be smart. Although applied to wireless, the conclusions are generic and as such can be applied to wired communication channels too

Shifting the frontiers of analog and mixed-signal electronics

Nowadays, analog and mixed-signal (AMS) IC designs, mainly found in the frontends of large ICs, are highly dedicated, complex, and costly. They form a bottleneck in the communication with the outside world, determine an upper bound in quality, yield, and flexibility for the IC, and require a significant part of the power dissipation. Operating very close to physical limits, serious boundaries are faced. This paper relates, from a high-level point of view, these boundaries to the Shannon channel capacity and shows how the AMS circuitry forms a matching link in transforming the external analog signals, optimized for the communication medium, to the optimal on-chip signal representation, the digital one, for the IC medium. The signals in the AMS part itself are consequently not optimally matched to the IC medium. To further shift the frontiers of AMS design, a matching-driven design approach is crucial for AMS. Four levels will be addressed: technology-driven, states-driven, redundancy-driven, and nature-driven design. This is done based on an analysis of the various classes of AMS signals and their specific properties, seen from the angle of redundancy. This generic, but abstract way of looking at the design process will be substantiated with many specific examples