4,931 research outputs found
Nutritional support for patients with metastatic cancer
Verheul, H.M.W. [Promotor]Schueren, M.A.E. de van der [Copromotor]Langius, J.A.E. [Copromotor
Simulations of Adaptive Optics with a Laser Guide Star for SINFONI
The SINFONI instrument for ESO's VLT combines integral field spectroscopy and
adaptive optics (AO). We discuss detailed simulations of the adaptive optics
module. These simulations are aimed at assessing the AO module performance,
specifically for operations with extended sources and a laser guide star.
Simulated point spread function (PSF) images will be used to support scientific
preparations and the development of an exposure time calculator, while
simulated wavefront sensor measurements will be used to study PSF
reconstruction methods. We explain how the adaptive optics simulations work,
focusing on the realistic modelling of the laser guide star for a curvature
wavefront sensor. The predicted performance of the AO module is discussed,
resulting in recommendations for the operation of the SINFONI AO module at the
telescope.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, to appear in SPIE conference proceedings vol
5490, "Advancements in Adaptive Optics", eds. D. Bonaccini, B.L. Ellerbroek,
R. Ragazonni, Glasgow UK, 21-25 June 200
A DC-coupled RF Amplifier in CMOS with DC-feedback
A CMOS multistage RF amplifier with DC coupling is presented. A complete optimisation of the various stages is done to maximize the RF gain for a given power budget. To decrease the effects of offsets and tolerances in high gain multistage amplifiers usually (lossy) AC coupling is used. The presented circuit employs DC coupling and DC control circuitry to avoid coupling-induced\ud
losses. Compared to existing competing AC-coupled designs the presented one has much more gain at the same power consumption with a lower die area. For the 3-stage design vehicle, with Rsrc = 500Ω and Cout = 400fF, the maximal signal power gain at 4mA supply current is 33dB at 1.9GHz
Gravitationally lensed radio emission associated with SMM J16359+6612, a multiply imaged submillimeter galaxy behind A2218
We report the detection of discrete, lensed radio emission from the multiply
imaged, z=2.516 submillimetre selected galaxy, SMM J16359+6612. All three
images are detected in deep WSRT 1.4 GHz and VLA 8.2 GHz observations, and the
radio positions are coincident with previous sub-mm SCUBA observations of this
system. This is the widest separation lens system to be detected in the radio
so far, and the first time that multiply imaged lensed radio emission has been
detected from a star forming galaxy -- all previous multiply-lensed radio
systems being associated with radio-loud AGN. Taking into account the total
magnification of ~45, the WSRT 1.4 GHz observations suggest a star formation
rate of 500 Solar mass/yr. The source has a steep radio spectrum (alpha -0.7)
and an intrinsic flux density of just 3 microJy at 8.2 GHz. Three other SCUBA
sources in the field are also detected by the WSRT, including SMMJ16359+66118,
a singly imaged (and magnified) arclet at z=1.034. Higher resolution radio
observations of SMMJ16359+6612 (and other highly magnified star forming
galaxies) provide a unique opportunity to study the general properties and
radio morphology of intrinsically faint, distant and obscured star forming
galaxies. They can also help to constrain the technical specification of next
generation radio telescopes, such as the Square Kilometre Array.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, to appear in A&A letter
On measuring the Tully-Fisher relation at
The evolution of the line width - luminosity relation for spiral galaxies,
the Tully-Fisher relation, strongly constrains galaxy formation and evolution
models. At this moment, the kinematics of z>1 spiral galaxies can only be
measured using rest frame optical emission lines associated with star
formation, such as Halpha and [OIII]5007/4959 and [OII]3727. This method has
intrinsic difficulties and uncertainties. Moreover, observations of these lines
are challenging for present day telescopes and techniques. Here, we present an
overview of the intrinsic and observational challenges and some ways way to
circumvent them. We illustrate our results with the HST/NICMOS grism sample
data of z ~ 1.5 starburst galaxies. The number of galaxies we can use in the
final Tully-Fisher analysis is only three. We find a ~2 mag offset from the
local rest frame B and R band Tully-Fisher relation for this sample. This
offset is partially explained by sample selection effects and sample specifics.
Uncertainties in inclination and extinction and the effects of star formation
on the luminosity can be accounted for. The largest remaining uncertainty is
the line width / rotation curve velocity measurement. We show that high
resolution, excellent seeing integral field spectroscopy will improve the
situation. However, we note that no flat rotation curves have been observed for
galaxies with z>1. This could be due to the described instrumental and
observational limitations, but it might also mean that galaxies at z>1 have not
reached the organised motions of the present day.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures, A&A accepte
The spatial distribution of excited H_2 in T Tau: a molecular outflow in a young binary system
Strong extended emission from molecular hydrogen
in the v = 1 â 0 S(l) transition is mapped around T Tau. In
addition, the v = 2 â 1 S(l) line is detected close to the star. The ratio of the two transitions is consistent with an excitation process in which both fluorescence by stellar ultraviolet radiation and collisions in a warm, dense medium play a role. The morphology is interpreted as emission from a molecular outflow which appears to wiggle as a result of the fact that T Tau is a binary system seen almost pole-on. It is shown that an outflow with a small opening angle can reproduce the observed extended emission. From comparison with previous studies it is argued that the molecular outflow originates from T Tau S, the infrared component. The presented model constrains the orientation and geometry of the system
Practical sand transport formula for non-breaking waves and currents
Open Access funded by Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Under a Creative Commons license Acknowledgements This work is part of the SANTOSS project (âSANd Transport in OScillatory flows in the Sheet-flow regimeâ) funded by the UK's EPSRC (GR/T28089/01) and STW in The Netherlands (TCB.6586). JW acknowledges Deltares strategic research funding under project number 1202359.09. Richard Soulsby is gratefully acknowledged for valuable discussions and feedback on the formula during the SANTOSS project.Peer reviewedPostprin
Ecological agriculture in South-India : an agro-economic comparison and study of transition
This report describes two research programmes carried out on ecological agriculture in South-India. Experiences of twelve farmers in transition towards ecological agriculture are described and analysed. The comparative performance of seven farmer pairs, consisting of one ecological and one conventional reference farm, is analysed in relation to agronomic and economic performanc
A systematic review of food losses and food waste generation in developed countries
The objective of this systematic literature review was to compile and assess food losses and waste estimates, from developed countries, across the food supply chain. The methodology involved systematically identifying studies and extracting, compiling and analysing their estimates of food losses and waste. Of the 55 estimates extracted, from these studies, the most (43·6%) were from the consumption (average 114·3â(kg/capita)/year) part of the food supply chain. On average, total food losses and waste were 198·9â(kg/capita)/year. While this review revealed a high degree of variability of estimates and inconsistent trends for the independent variables: scope of food waste, geography and study methodologies; food waste generation, at the consumption part of the food supply chain, was significantly higher for North American compared with European estimates (pâ=â0·003); and significantly higher (pâ=â0·030) for indirect than direct estimates. Similarly, total food waste generation indirect estimates were significantly higher (pâ=â0·035) than directly measured estimates. To improve the accuracy and precision of food losses and waste estimates, additional research is required to develop and implement a bespoke, weight-based and statistically sound methodology for its direct measurement
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