Rationale for the treatment of children with CCSK in the UMBRELLA SIOP-RTSG 2016 protocol

The International Society of Paediatric Oncology-Renal Tumour Study Group (SIOP-RTSG) has developed a new protocol for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up monitoring of childhood renal tumours-the UMBRELLA SIOP-RTSG 2016 protocol (the UMBRELLA protocol). This protocol has been designed to continue international collaboration in the treatment of childhood renal tumours and will be implemented in over 50 different countries. Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney, which is a rare paediatric renal tumour that most commonly occurs in childre

Structural variation and levels of water-extractable arabinogalactan-peptide in European wheat flours

Water-extractable arabinogalactan-peptides (WE-AGP) were isolated from flour of eight different wheat cultivars (harvest year 1996). Little structural variation in WE-AGP of flour of the different wheat cultivars was observed. The arabinose-to-galactose (A/G) ratio of WE-AGP varied between 0.66 and 0.73. Methylation analysis showed that the proportion of beta-1,3-galactopyranosyl residues is almost equal for the different WE-AGP samples (10.2-11.1%). More variation was observed for the proportion of the beta-1,6-galactopyranosyl residues (9.4-13.0%) and beta-1,3,6-galactopyranosyl residues (76.0-80.1%). The H-1-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (D2O, 85 degrees C, 300 MHz) were comparable, and gel permeation analysis consistently yielded a narrow peak with an apparent molecular weight between 5.0 x 10(4) and 10.0 x 10(4). Interpretation of the results was facilitated by alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase debranching of WE-AGP. For flour samples of 18 wheat cultivars (10 from 1994 harvest, eight from 1996 harvest), the variation in percentage of water-extractable arabinoxylan (WE-AX) (0.31-0.78% of dry matter) was much larger than the variation in percentage of water-extractable arabinogalactan (WE-AG) (0.24-0.33%). The ratio of WE-AX to WE-AG for flour samples of different wheat cultivars varied between 1.00 and 2.44.status: publishe