Caracterização do perfil mineral em bovinos de corte em Cachoeira do Sul (região da Depressão Central do Rio Grande do Sul)

Os minerais são de extrema importância no metabolismo geral e no desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo dos animais a campo. Atualmente, no Rio Grande do Sul, há poucos relatos sobre o diagnóstico de deficiências de minerais através da análise de macro e microelementos em fluidos biológicos. As informações disponíveis limitam-se ao diagnóstico clínico de deficiências isoladas e à análise de elementos nas pastagens, que sugerem deficiências subclínicas de alguns elementos minerais. A região da Depressão Central é caracterizada pela produção extensiva em campo nativo com manejo precário da suplementação mineral. A incidência de baixos níveis de alguns elementos nas pastagens contribuiu para a escolha da região. Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram: (a) determinar o perfil mineral em quatro períodos importantes do ciclo produtivo de matrizes (monta, repasse de touros, final da gestação e início da lactação); (b) diagnosticar possíveis deficiências minerais em vacas de corte na região da Depressão Central mediante a dosagem dos seguintes indicadores no sangue: Pi, Ca, Cu, Zn, glutation peroxidase (Se) e tiroxina (I). Na saliva foram dosados Na e K. (c) correlacionar os indicadores com os teores de minerais na pastagem nativa. Para isso, foram obtidas amostras de sangue e saliva em 4 propriedades no município de Cachoeira do Sul totalizando 112 animais (28 por período). O perfil indicou deficiência marginal de P, Na, I e Se em todos os períodos. As médias de Cu e Zn estiveram dentro das referências enquanto que os de K na saliva mista estiveram elevados. O Ca sérico apresentou-se diminuído, embora os teores nas pastagens estivessem elevados. Foi constatada baixa correlação entre os níveis de  minerais no sangue/saliva e na pastagem de todos os elementos. Os períodos mais afetados foram o final da gestação e início da lactação indicando que essas categorias possuem maior necessidade fisiológica

Primary erythrocytosis in a bitch : clinical and laboratorial aspects

Background: Primary erythrocytosis is a rare myeloproliferative disorder in dogs and cats characterized by an autonomous proliferation of erythroid precursors in the bone marrow, with low to normal serum erythropoietin concentration, resulting in elevated red blood cell count, hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration. Clinical signs are associated with increased blood volume and viscosity, and may include erythema, hyperemic mucous membranes and neurological signs such as seizures and ataxia. In veterinary medicine, the diagnosis should be made by exclusion of secondary or relative causes, after complementary exams. This report aims to describe a case of primary erythrocytosis in a bitch. Case: A 4-year-old mixed-breed bitch was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital from UFRGS with 3 convulsive episodes related by the owner. A previous abdominal ultrasonography revealed splenomegaly and the electrocardiogram showed no abnormalities. No alterations were observed at the physical examination. The laboratorial blood tests demonstrated a persistent erythrocytosis, with high hematocrit, hemoglobin and red blood cells count, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia, and total plasmatic protein within the reference interval. The bone marrow cytology revealed reduced cellularity, normal myeloid: erythroid ratio, erythroid hyperplasia, mild myeloid hyperplasia and moderate myelofibrosis. The serum erythropoietin measurement was within the reference range, and the blood gas analysis detected a slight decrease in partial oxygen pressure. Therefore, no evidence of secondary conditions was observed and the diagnosis of primary erythrocytosis could be made. Discussion: Since there is no definitive method, the diagnosis of primary erythrocytosis could be based on the exclusion of all secondary and relative causes of erythrocytosis. The absence of clinical signs of dehydration and high serum albumin levels were findings that conduced for the exclusion of the relative form of the disturbance. The echocardiography and the abdominal ultrasonography ruled out any cardiopulmonary condition or kidney neoplasm, the most common causes of absolute secondary erythrocytosis. The persistently high hematocrit levels and red blood cell counts are significant for the suspicion of primary erythrocytosis, although thrombocytopenia and neutropenia are not commonly reported. The clinical signs of seizure were correlated with increased blood viscosity and reduced blood flow at the central nervous system. The blood gas analysis discarded the occurrence of systemic hypoxia, and the normal levels of erythropoietin gives higher evidence of the occurrence of an autonomous proliferation of the erythroid precursors within the bone marrow. The bone marrow cytology confirmed erythroid hyperplasia and the reduced cellularity that could be attributed to myelofibrosis. Myelofibrosis was described in humans with polycythemia vera, but there are no reports in veterinary, and this occurrence must be elucidated. An identical mutation in the JAK2 gene was observed in humans with polycythemia vera and dogs with primary erythrocytosis, and occurs in more than 50% of humans with myelofibrosis. Further investigations are necessary for veterinary medicine. In conclusion, the systematic approach of all organic systems and the assessment of complementary exams are necessary for the diagnostic of primary erythrocytosis in dogs. This condition should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any erythrocytosis, considering the guarded prognosis of this hematologic disorder

Aspectos citológicos do fluído seminal em um canino apresentando prostatite

A infecção bacteriana da próstata (prostatite) pode ser originária de uma infecção ascendente a partir da flora uretral normal ou secundária a algum distúrbio primário prostático. Os cães agudamente afetados apresentam hematúria, infertilidade e dor a palpação retal, enquanto que nas infecções crônicas os sinais sistêmicos são ocasionalmente observados. O diagnóstico é determinado através do exame clínico, exames de imagem e análise de citológica do líquido prostático. Nesse último, pode-se observar um elevado número de células inflamatórias, células vermelhas e bactérias extra ou intracelulares. O objetivo do presente relato foi demonstrar o uso da citologia do líquido seminal para o diagnóstico da prostatite em um canino com hiperplasia prostática. Para isso, reporta-se o caso de um canino, sem raça definida, macho não castrado, de idade avançada atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade de Passo Fundo (HV-UPF) apresentando dermatopatia severa e urina em jatos. Constatou-se ao exame clínico, além da dermatopatia generalizada severa, prostatomegalia homogênea de aspecto liso e dor intensa. Através da análise do fluido seminal obtido por ejaculação foi constatada predominância de células inflamatórias (neutrófilos), macrófagos ativados, bactérias, algumas células prostáticas e de epitélio escamoso. As alterações encontradas foram compatíveis com inflamação prostática piogranulomatosa que após o tratamento indicado apresentou resolução constatada pela citologia do fluido seminal

Deficiências minerais em gado de corte no sul do Brasil

Minerals play an important role in the cattle metabolism with great impact in productive and reproductive performance of animals raised on extensive grasslands. At present, there is a lack of information concerning mineral deficiency throughout the analysis of biological fluids in Rio Grande do Sul State (southern Brazil). The Central Valley region of this State is characterized by extensive production on natural pastures with poor mineral supplementation. The low levels of minerals found by previous studies on pastures in this area motivated this research. The aim of the present work was to detect possible mineral deficiencies in beef cows by determining concentrations of minerals in biological fluids and in pasture. There were determined concentrations of phosphorus, calcium, copper, zinc, glutathion peroxidase (as indicator of selenium status) and thyroxine (as indicator of iodine status) in blood, sodium and potassium in saliva, and calcium, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, copper, sodium and iron in pastures, in four different periods of the reproductive cycle as follows: service period (artificial insemination), clean up bulls period, end of gestation and early lactation. Four herds were selected in Cachoeira do Sul County for this study which included 112 animals. The results showed marginal deficiencies of phosphorus, copper, iodine and selenium. Calcium concentration was below normal level and could be related to the low protein content of pasture. Most critical periods were the end of gestation and the early lactation.Os minerais são de grande importância no metabolismo dos bovinos, tendo impacto no desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo dos animais. Atualmente há poucos relatos no Rio Grande do Sul com relação ao diagnóstico de deficiências minerais mediante a análise de fluidos biológicos em animais a campo. A região da Depressão Central do Rio Grande do Sul é caracterizada pela produção extensiva de gado de corte em campo nativo com manejo precário da suplementação mineral, apresentando baixos níveis de alguns minerais nas pastagens. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi diagnosticar possíveis deficiências minerais em vacas de corte na região da Depressão Central mediante a dosagem de indicadores minerais em fluidos biológicos e na pastagem. Foram determinadas concentrações de fósforo, cálcio, cobre, zinco, glutation peroxidase (como indicador de selênio) e tiroxina (como indicador de iodo) no sangue, sódio e potássio na saliva e sódio, e cálcio, fósforo, potássio, zinco, cobre, sódio e ferro na pastagem. Foram estudadas quatro propriedades em Cachoeira do Sul, em quatro momentos do ciclo reprodutivo: período de serviço (inseminação artificial), período de repasse de touros, final da gestação e início da lactação, num total de 112 animais. O perfil mineral indicou deficiência marginal de fósforo, cobre, iodo e selênio. O cálcio sérico apresentou-se diminuído, possivelmente relacionado com o baixo conteúdo de proteína na pastagem. Os períodos mais afetados foram o final da gestação e o início da lactação indicando que essas categorias de produção têm maior exigências metabólicas

Correlação entre lipidose hepática, variação da condição corporal e analitos hepáticos em bovinos leiteiros

Liver lipidosis is a metabolic disorder mostly observed in high yielding dairy cattle, especially during the transition period. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between hepatic lipid infiltration, biochemical indicators of liver function, and body condition score (BCS) variation in dairy cows. Fifty-one multiparous Holstein cows raised in a confined system were evaluated. Liver biopsies and blood samples were collected, and BCS was measured on days 3 and 28 postpartum. Lipid infiltration was determined by histologic examination. The plasma activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase and concentration of beta-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acids, albumin, total bilirubin, and cholesterol were determined. BCS was measured using objective (camera) and subjective (visual) methods. Mild lipid infiltration was found in 3.92% of cows sampled on day 3 and 5.88% on day 28. Bilirubin was significantly higher on day 3 than on day 28 postpartum, and cholesterol was significantly higher on day 28 than on day 3 in all cows. There was no difference in biochemical analytes between cows with and without lipidosis. On day 3, mean subjective BCS was 3.10 and objective BCS was 3.16, while on day 28, these scores were 2.91 and 2.99, respectively. The calculated liver function index (LFI) was found to be a more sensitive indicator of liver function than the hepatic analytes evaluated. No correlation between BCS variation and lipid infiltration was found. Cholesterol and bilirubin levels showed the most remarkable changes during the early postpartum period. LFI is a potential indicator of postpartum liver function.A lipidose hepática é um distúrbio metabólico principalmente observado nos bovinos de leite de alto rendimento, especialmente no período de transição. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a correlação entre infiltração lipídica hepática, indicadores bioquímicos de função hepática e variação da condição corporal em bovinos leiteiros. Foram avaliadas cinquenta e um vacas multíparas de raça Holandesa em confinamento. Coletaram-se biopsias de fígado e amostras de sangue, e a condição corporal (BCS) aferiu-se nos dias 3 e 28 pós-parto. A infiltração lipídica determinou-se mediante avaliação histológica. Mensuraram-se a atividade da aspartato aminotransferase, fosfatase alcalina e da gama-glutamil transferase, concentração de beta-hidroxibutirato, ácidos graxos não esterificados, albumina, bilirrubina total e colesterol. A BCS mediu-se utilizando método objetivo (câmera) e subjetivo (visualmente). Observou-se discreta infiltração lipídica em 3,92% dos bovinos amostrados no dia 3 e 5,88% no dia 28. Em todos os bovinos a bilirrubina foi significativamente mais alta no dia 3 do que no dia 28 e o colesterol foi superior no dia 28 do que no dia 3. Não houve diferença nos analitos bioquímicos dos bovinos com e sem lipidose. No dia 3, a média subjetiva da BCS foi 3,10 e a objetiva 3,16, enquanto no dia 28, obtiveram-se valores de 2,91, e 2,99 respectivamente. O índice calculado de função hepática mostrou ser um indicador mais sensível da função hepática do que os analitos avaliados individualmente. Não houve correlação entre a variação do BCS e infiltração lipídica

Topical hepatic hypothermia associated with ischemic preconditioning : histopathological and biochemical analysis of ischemia reperfusion damage in a 24 hour mode

Purpose: To develop a new 24 hour extended liver ischemia and reperfusion (LIR) model analyzing the late biochemical and histopathological results of the isolated and combined application of recognized hepatoprotective mechanisms. In addition, we used a new stratification with zoning to classify the histological lesion. Methods: A modified animal model of severe hepatic damage produced through 90 minutes of segmental ischemia (70% of the organ) and posterior observation for 24 hours of reperfusion, submitted to ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and topical hypothermia (TH) at 26ºC, in isolation or in combination, during the procedure. Data from intraoperative biometric parameters, besides of late biochemical markers and histopathological findings, both at 24 hours evolution time, were compared with control (C) and normothermic ischemia (NI) groups. Results: All groups were homogeneous with respect to intraoperative physiological parameters. There were no losses once the model was stablished. Animals subjected to NI and IPC had worse biochemical (gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, direct bilirubin, and total bilirubin) and histopathological scores (modified Suzuki score) compared to those of control groups and groups with isolated or associated TH (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The new extended model demonstrates liver ischemia and reperfusion at 24 hour of evolution and, in this extreme scenario, only the groups subjected to topical hypothermia, combined with ischemic preconditioning or alone, had better outcomes than those subjected to only ischemic preconditioning and normothermic ischemia, reaching similar biochemical and histopathological scores to those of the control group

Primeira detecção molecular de Mycoplasma ovis (Micoplasmas Hemotrópicos) em ovinos no Brasil

Mycoplasma ovis is an emerging zoonotic pathogen with a worldwide distribution and can cause mild to severe hemolytic anemia, icterus, and poor weight gain in animals. Although M. ovis has been described in small ruminants worldwide, data on M. ovis in sheep in Brazil is unknown. The objective of the present study was to present the first report of hemotropic mycoplasma (HM) in sheep from Brazil. We evaluated factors associated with this infection, such age group, tick presence, and anemia. Blood samples were collected from 33 sheep from a farm in southern Brazil and screened for hemoplasmas using PCR. Out of 33 samples, 26 (78.8%) tested positive for M. ovis. The sequencing of positive samples showed 100% identity with multiple M. ovis 16S rDNA sequences. No association was observed between the presence of M. ovis and the FAMACHA© score (p = 0.620). Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (15/33, 45.4%) was the tick species found on the animals. No significant association between M. ovis infection and presence of ticks (p = 0.4134) and age group (p = 0.4221) was observed. This is the first report of M. ovis infection in sheep from Brazil and only the second report of this pathogen in sheep in Latin America.Mycoplasma ovis é um patógeno zoonótico emergente com distribuição mundial e pode causar anemia hemolítica de leve a grave, icterícia e baixo ganho de peso em animais. Embora M. ovis tenha sido descrito em pequenos ruminantes em todo o mundo, os dados sobre M. ovis em ovinos no Brasil são desconhecidos. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar o primeiro relato de micoplasmas hemotrópicos em ovinos no Brasil. Avaliamos os fatores associados a essa infecção, como faixa etária, presença de carrapatos e anemia. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas de 33 ovelhas de uma fazenda no sul do Brasil e testadas para hemoplasmas usando a PCR. Das 33 amostras, 26 (78,8%) apresentaram resultado positivo. O sequenciamento das amostras positivas mostrou 100% de identidade com múltiplas sequências de M. ovis 16S rDNA. Não foi observada associação entre a presença de M. ovis e o escore FAMACHA© (p = 0,620). Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (15/33, 45,4%) foi a espécie de carrapato encontrada nos animais. Não houve associação significativa entre infecção por M. ovis e presença de carrapatos (p = 0,4134) e faixa etária (p = 0,4221). Este é o primeiro relato de infecção por M. ovis em ovinos no Brasil e o segundo relato deste patógeno em ovinos na América Latina

Relation between liver lipid content and plasma biochemical indicators in dairy cows

Background: The incidence of metabolic disorders in dairy cows has increased as a result of intensive production practices and genetic selection for milk yield. Among such disorders, liver lipidosis is very frequently observed and has significant negative effects on cow health and milk yield. Severe energy supply deficit causes high fat mobilization, resulting in rapid body condition loss and liver lipid infiltration, which cannot always be detected by known blood biochemical indicators. The main objective of the study was to determine possible associations of blood biochemical parameters with liver lipid infiltration severity in high-yield multiparous Holstein cows along prepartum and postpartum periods. Materials, Methods & Results: Fifty-four high-yield Holstein cows from a herd managed in a free-stall system in the northwest region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil were evaluated. Cows were divided in two groups according to their physiological status. Group 1 included 19 prepartum cows, with an average milk yield of 44.7 L/d in the previous lactation, and 2.8 average parity, and Group 2 included 35 postpartum cows, with an average milk yield of 46.8 L/d in the previous lactation, and 2.5 average parity. The farm produced 10,000 kg milk per year, containing 3.5% of fat, 3.2% of protein and 4.7% of lactose. Total cholesterol (CH), plasma triglycerides (TGp), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), albumin (ALB), non-esterified free fatty acids (NEFA) levels, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatine kinase (CK) ac-tivities were analyzed in the plasma and liver triglycerides (TGl) levels were determined in liver tissue samples. The SPSS statistical software was used for the statistical analyses. The obtained data were analyzed for normality by the Shapiro-Wilk test and for homoscedasticity by Bartlett test. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, and means were compared by the t-test (PROC TTEST). Pearson correlation test (PROC CORR) was used to compare the results between prepartum and postpartum cows, and between those with and without lipidosis. An overall incidence of 20% severe hepatic lipidosis was determined both in prepartum and postpartum cows. Positive significant correlations were obtained between days in milk (DIM) and AST (r= 0.43; P < 0.01), CH and TGp (r= 0.44; P < 0.01), TGl and AST (r=0.32; P < 0.05), NEFA and AST (r= 0.45; P < 0.01) and CK and AST (r= 0.447; P < 0.01). Negative significant correlations were detected between TGp and DIM (r= -0.45; P < 0.01), and between TGl and TGp (r= -0.30; P < 0.05). Discussion: Prepartum cows showed moderate fat infiltration in the liver, while 25.7% of postpartum cows presented severe lipidosis. AST values increased as lactation progressed, suggesting a greater tendency of liver damage, in early postpartum. The obtained CK values were within the reference range, except for the cows with hepatic lipidosis, indicat¬ing that the measured AST activity was originated from the liver and not from the muscle tissues. TGp, NEFA and AST values indicate the degree of fat mobilization and, possibly, liver infiltration, while TGl indicates fat infiltration in the liver. Although negative energy balance (NEB) may trigger lipolysis and some degree of hepatic lipidosis, plasma BHB values did not significantly increase. The obtained results show that the evaluated plasma parameters may be useful to establish guidelines for the identification of changes in the metabolic profile of dairy cows during different production stages, as well as measures for the prevention and control of metabolic disorders

Increased Serum Alkaline Phosphatase in a FeLV-Positive Cat

Background: Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) is an oncogenic virus that usually invades bone marrow causing non-regenerative anemia and thrombocytopenia. In FeLV positive cats, the myeloid leukemia is characterized by intense proliferation of blast cells in a bone marrow with myeloid precursor predominance and several malignancies degree. The leukocyte alkaline phosphatase is found secondary granules of mature neutrophils of humans, horses and cows but not in dogs and cats,which demonstrate the enzyme activity in myeloblast and promyeloblasts cells. In this case is describing a FeLV-positive case with leukemic disorder accompanied by extremely high levels of serum alkaline phosphatase.Case: A 8-year-old castrated male Domestic Short Hair cat with a 3-month history of convulsions, pica, vomits, lethargy, hypodipsia and anorexia was examined and showed mild dehydration, severe jaundice and hyperpnoea. Laboratory results evidenced severe normocytic hypochromic non-regenerative anemia, moderated leukocytosis with severe degenerativeneutrophil left shift, moderated lymphocytosis and severe thrombocytopenia. Serum biochemical profle showed mild hyperalbuminemia, moderated increment in alanine transaminase and severe increment in alkaline phosphatese. The cat waspositive for ELISA point of care FeLV antigen and negative for FIV antibodies. Urinalysis revealed moderated bilirubinuria and proteinuria. The bone marrow cytology showed high cellularity, increased of M:E ratio, rare megakaryocyte lineage, erythroid hypoplasia, myeloid hyperplasia with blast excess and dysgranulopoiesis.Discussion: FeLV is a virus that usually causes cytopenias and in this case this was well evidenced through a severe non regenerative anemia and thrombocytopenia. Generally, anemia is a non-neoplastic complication of FeLV mainly related to suppressive effects hematopoietic and stromal cells of the bone marrow. Nevertheless, in this case, the anemia also maybe attributable to the observed acute myeloid leukemia. Neutrophilia is an uncommon fnding in FeLV-infected cats, even more with the severe degenerative left shift as in the present case. This fnding could be associated to a myeloid hyperplasia. Some biochemical alterations, as hyperalbuminemia and increment in values of serum ALT could be explained by clinical observations like dehydration and some degree of hepatic enlargement, respectively. However, the excessive value forserum alkaline phosphatase activity is an unpublished fnding in cats. In humans high levels of ALP has been associated with neutrophilia and it is quite likely that a great amount of degenerative neutrophils may contribute for high leakage of ALP than in other circumstances of neutrophilia. This is the frst report of a FeLV-positive cat exhibiting extremely high serum values of the enzyme ALP, possibly attributable to acute myeloid leukemia.Keywords: neutrophilia, cytopenia, non-regenerative anemia, acute leukemia

Correlation between manual and automatized values of reticulocyte count in anemic feline samples

O objetivo do presente estudo foi correlacionar os valores de reticulócitos pontilhados e agregados obtidos por metodologia manual com a metodologia automática de contagem de reticulócitos totais em amostras de sangue de gatos anêmicos, analisados em um contador hematológico com citometria de fluxo. Para isso, 40 amostras de sangue de pacientes felinos anêmicos, independentemente de idade e sexo, foram utilizadas para a determinação das contagens absolutas de reticulócitos totais pela metodologia automatizada por citometria de fluxo fluorescente e pela técnica manual com corante supravital, em duplicata. Na contagem manual, houve a discriminação entre reticulócitos pontilhados e agregados. Para a correlação entre os métodos, foi realizada a análise de regressão de Passing-Bablok. A média do hematócrito dos gatos foi de 15,25%, tendo a maioria dos gatos (32,5%) apresentado anemia moderada (hematócrito = 17,81%). Como resultados, a análise de regressão demonstrou que a correlação entre a contagem absoluta total automática foi superior à contagem manual de reticulócitos agregados (rho= 0,71; P<0,001) do que a contagem absoluta de reticulócitos pontilhados (rho= 0,68; P<0,001). Os resultados apresentados sugerem que a contagem de reticulócitos total absoluta realizada pelo analisador hematológico ProCyte Dx em gatos anêmicos se refere à contagem absoluta de reticulócitos. Dessa maneira, recomenda-se que os valores possam ser utilizados para a avaliação imediata da condição hematológica de gatos anêmicos.The aim of this study was to correlate the punctate and aggregated reticulocytes values obtained by manual methodology and the automatic reticulocyte count in 40 blood samples from anemic cats. Total reticulocyte absolute counts were determined by automated fluorescence flow cytometry and manual methods in 40 blood samples obtained from anemic cats. The manual count was obtained by supravital stain in duplicate to each sample and the reticulocyte morphology were discriminated between punctate and aggregates reticulocytes. Passing-Bablok regression analysis was utilized to compare the methods. Most samples were from anemic cat (15,25%) and the hematocrit mean was 17,81%. Regression analysis showed that the correlation between the absolute total automatic counts is higher with aggregated reticulocytes (rho= 0,71; P< 0,001) than with absolute punctate reticulocytes counts (rho= 0, 68, P< 0.001). Results suggest that the ProCyte Dx reticulocytes count in anemic cats is correlated with aggregate reticulocyte count. Thus, the greater amount of RNA and organelles in aggregate reticulocytes generates a cellular complexity and, therefore, greater impregnation of the dye in an automatic count. Thus, the values obtained by the hematologic instrument can be used for the immediate evaluation of the hematological condition in anemic cats