La comunidad de coleópteros y hemípteros acuáticos de un arroyo costero cantábrico (norte de España): composición, variación estacional e influencia de los factores ambientales

The aquatic Coleoptera and Hemiptera assemblages have been studied in a short Cantabrian coastal stream (La Llantada, Asturias, North Spain). We aim to know the assemblage composition and to detect the environmental factors that affected it, consideringseasonalchanges(samplings in spring and autumn during two annual cycles). Most(89%)of the identified species (thirty-three of Coleoptera and eleven of Hemiptera) shows a high range distribution. It is remarkable the presence of some Southern species (Hydrochus grandicollis, Dryops striatellus, Velia caprai bertrandi). Chaetarthria simillima (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) is recorded for the second time in the Iberian Peninsula. The results show a clear decrease of richness towards the mouth that seems to be related to the decrease of water quality. Seasonal changes of assemblage composition are related to organic pollution, particularly during the months of summer with low rainfall and greater anthropic impact. CCA shows that most species of both groups respond negatively to high nutrient pollution, mainly total nitrogen and ammonium. A small group associated to samples with a high load of nutrients is detected and can be considered tolerant to pollution, for instance the water beetles Hydroporus vagepictus, Stictotarsus duodecimpustulatus, Helophorus minutus, Helophorus brevipalpis and Octhebius dilatatus.Se ha estudiado la comunidad de coleópteros y hemípteros acuáticos en un pequeño arroyo costero cantábrico (La Llantada, Asturias). Se pretende conocer su composición e identificar los factores ambientales que influyen en ella, teniendo en cuenta los cambios estacionales (muestreos en primavera y otoño durante dos años consecutivos). La mayoría (89%) de las 33 especies de coleópteros y 11 de hemípteros identificadas muestran una amplia distribución geográfica. Pese a ello, destaca la presencia de especies meridionales (Hydrochus grandicollis, Dryops striatellus, Velia caprai bertrandi). Se señala el segundo registro ibérico de Chaetarthria simillima (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Los resultados muestran un claro gradiente de disminución de la riqueza hacia la desembocadura del arroyo que parece estar relacionado con el descenso de la calidad del agua. La variación estacional de la composición de la comunidad se ve afectada por el efecto de la contaminación orgánica, especialmente durante los meses de verano, cuando disminuyen las precipitaciones y el impacto antrópico es mayor. El ACC muestra que la mayoría de las especies de ambos grupos responden negativamente a elevadas concentraciones de contaminantes, principalmente nitrógeno total y amonio. Se detecta un pequeño grupo de especies asociadas a muestras con una fuerte carga de nutrientes y que pueden considerarse tolerantes a la contaminación, como los coleópteros Hydroporus vagepictus, Stictotarsus duodecimpustulatus, Helophorus minutus, Helophorus brevipalpis y Ochthebius dilatatus

Machine Learning-Based Analysis in the Management of Iatrogenic Bile Duct Injury During Cholecystectomy: a Nationwide Multicenter Study

Background Iatrogenic bile duct injury (IBDI) is a challenging surgical complication. IBDI management can be guided by artificial intelligence models. Our study identified the factors associated with successful initial repair of IBDI and predicted the success of definitive repair based on patient risk levels. Methods This is a retrospective multi-institution cohort of patients with IBDI after cholecystectomy conducted between 1990 and 2020. We implemented a decision tree analysis to determine the factors that contribute to successful initial repair and developed a risk-scoring model based on the Comprehensive Complication Index. Results We analyzed 748 patients across 22 hospitals. Our decision tree model was 82.8% accurate in predicting the success of the initial repair. Non-type E (p < 0.01), treatment in specialized centers (p < 0.01), and surgical repair (p < 0.001) were associated with better prognosis. The risk-scoring model was 82.3% (79.0-85.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI]) and 71.7% (63.8-78.7%, 95% CI) accurate in predicting success in the development and validation cohorts, respectively. Surgical repair, successful initial repair, and repair between 2 and 6 weeks were associated with better outcomes. Discussion Machine learning algorithms for IBDI are a novel tool may help to improve the decision-making process and guide management of these patients

Fenología de insectos acuáticos en un humedal protegido (Red Natura 2000) del noroeste de España

A partir de muestreos realizados mayoritariamente en ríos de la cuenca alta del Ebro se amplía la distribución de Aphelo­cheirus murcius, un hemíptero acuático endémico de la Península Ibérica y con un área de distribución muy reducida y poco conocida. Además, se aportan nuevos datos sobre sus preferencias de hábitat, calidad del agua, parámetros jisicoquímicos, vegetación sumergida y grado de conservación de las riberas. Estas características permiten concluir que se trata de una especie fluvial de tramos medios y bien conservadosFrom samples collected mostly from rivers in the Upper Ebro river basin, the distribution area is expanded for Aphelocheirus murcius, an endemic water bug of the Iberian Peninsula with a very narrow and little known distribution range. Moreover, new data are provided on habitat preferences, water quality, physical and chemical variables, submerged vegetation, and preservation level of the river banks. These characteristics allow the assumption that Aphelocheirus murcius is a river species of well preserved, middle reaches

Cuadernos de clases prácticas de zoología curso 2001-2002 : Licenciatura en Biología Universidad de León. Cuaderno de clases prácticas de zoología : Licenciatura en Ciencias Ambientales : Universidad de León

Departamento de Biología Animal Universidad de León. 1. Departamento de Biología Animal Universidad de León, cuatro profesores implicados: dos catedráticos de Universidad, un titular de Universidad y un titular de la Escuela Universitaria. 2. Elaboración de dos cuadernos de clases prácticas de zoología, uno para la asignatura de la Licenciatura en Biología y uno para la Licenciatura en Ciencias Ambientales. 3. Se realizó un recopilación del material existente; se comprobaron las posibles deficiencias, ampliando y unificando criterios. Se incorporó material complementario. 4. Se efectuaron ensayos de funcionamiento de los guiones con los alumnos de primer curso, tanto de la Licenciatura en Biología durante el primer cuatrimestre, como de la Licenciatura en Ciencias Ambientales durante el segundo cuatrimestre. Al final del curso se realizó una encuesta entre los alumnos para conocer sus opiniones. Con ellas y con las de los profesores colaboradores en la docencia, se corrigieron y mejoraron los guiones, para su posterior unificación y edición. Este tipo de evaluación se continuará en los próximos cursos. Se comprobó su eficacia en las clases prácticas. 5. (ver descripción física del cuaderno). El Cuaderno de clases prácticas de zoología (Biología) consta de los siguientes apartados: instrucciones generales, guiones de las 22 prácticas de la asignatura y bibliografía. El cuaderno de las clases prácticas de zoología (Ciencias Ambientales) tiene una estructura semejante, con 13 prácticas de laboratorio y una de campo. 6. Equipamiento de los laboratorios de práctica e investigación y la colección zoológica (ejemplares, preparaciones microscópicas, etc.) y fondos bibliográficos del Departamento de Biología Animal, además del material adquirido para este proyecto con la subvención recibida. 7. El cuaderno de prácticas de zoología (Biología) ha sido publicado por la Universidad de León. En breve se espera el de Ciencias Ambientales.Junta de Castilla y León. Dirección General de Universidades e Investigación. Monasterio de Ntra. Sra. del Prado. Autovia Puente Colgante s/n. 47071 Valladolid. Teléfono: 983-41.18.87Castilla y LeónES

Functional traits related to seedling performance in the Mediterranean leguminous shrub RETAMA SPHAEROCARPA: Insights from a provenance, fertilization, and rhizobial inoculation study

10 pages, figures, and tables statistics.We studied functional traits related to survival and growth in seedlings of the Mediterranean leguminous shrub Retama sphaerocarpa (L.) Boiss. Plants from five provenances were grown at two contrasting fertilization rates. In one of the provenances, low-fertilized plants were also inoculated with a Bradyrhizobium strain to assess the influence of nodulation on seedling performance. Seedlingswere transplanted onto an abandoned cropland and their growth and survival rates were measured for two years. Additionally, the persistence of the inoculated strain in the fieldwas tracked using genetic methods. Fertilization produced two phenotypes of contrasting performance. High fertilization produced large plants with high nutrient concentration, photosynthetic rate, and root growth capacity. Plants with this phenotype had higher transplanting survival, growth, andwater use efficiency than the plants of the low-fertilized phenotype, which were small and had lownutrient concentration, photosynthetic rate and root growthcapacity. Provenances differed in relative growth rate (RGR) under optimal growing conditions and these differenceswere negatively related to the length of the growing season and positively related to the precipitation at the places of origin of seeds. Across provenances, transplanting survival and growthwas positively related to the shoot carotenoid concentration. However, this relationship was only observed among low-fertilized seedlings. Among low-fertilized plants, nodulation did not increase either transplanting survival or growth significantly. The Bradyrhizobium strain used to inoculate seedlings survived at least two years in transplanted inoculated plants in spite of the presence of other native rhizobial strains in the field. In conclusion, high transplanting performance of R. sphaerocarpa seedlings is linked to a suite of attributes that promote fast seedling establishment during the wet season, which probably enhances drought avoidance during the dry season and helps avoid photoinhibition during the summer drought.The research was supported by funds of the Spanish Ministry of Environment, the projects CGL2004-00355/BOS and AGL2006- 12609-C02-01/FOR of the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science, 2005X06071 of the Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha, and the network REMEDINAL S-0505/AMB/0335 of the Community of Madrid. BRD was funded by the I3P postdoctoral Program of the CSIC. The comments of Juan Oliet Pal ´a and of an anonymous referee on an early version are gratefully acknowledged.Peer reviewe

Neurobiological underpinnings of cognitive subtypes in psychoses: A cross-diagnostic cluster analysis.

peer reviewedSchizophrenia and bipolar disorder include patients with different characteristics, which may hamper the definition of biomarkers. One of the dimensions with greater heterogeneity among these patients is cognition. Recent studies support the identification of different patients' subgroups along the cognitive domain using cluster analysis. Our aim was to validate clusters defined on the basis of patients' cognitive status and to assess its relation with demographic, clinical and biological measurements. We hypothesized that subgroups characterized by different cognitive profiles would show differences in an array of biological data. Cognitive data from 198 patients (127 with chronic schizophrenia, 42 first episodes of schizophrenia and 29 bipolar patients) were analyzed by a K-means cluster approach and were compared on several clinical and biological variables. We also included 155 healthy controls for further comparisons. A two-cluster solution was selected, including a severely impaired group and a moderately impaired group. The severely impaired group was associated with higher illness duration and symptoms scores, lower thalamus and hippocampus volume, lower frontal connectivity and basal hypersynchrony in comparison to controls and the moderately impaired group. Moreover, both patients' groups showed lower cortical thickness and smaller functional connectivity modulation than healthy controls. This study supports the existence of different cognitive subgroups within the psychoses with different neurobiological underpinnings

Vascular injury during cholecystectomy: A multicenter critical analysis behind the drama

Background: The management of a vascular injury during cholecystectomy is still very complicated, especially in centers not specialized in complex hepatobiliary surgery. Methods: This was a multi-institutional retrospective study in patients with vascular injuries during cholecystectomy from 18 centers in 4 countries. The aim of the study was to analyze the management of vascular injuries focusing on referral, time to perform the repair, and different treatments options outcomes. Results: A total of 104 patients were included. Twenty-nine patients underwent vascular repair (27.9%), 13 (12.5%) liver resection, and 1 liver transplant as a first treatment. Eighty-four (80.4%) vascular and biliary injuries occurred in nonspecialized centers and 45 (53.6%) were immediately transferred. Intraoperative diagnosed injuries were rare in referred patients (18% vs 84%, P = .001). The patients managed at the hospital where the injury occurred had a higher number of reoperations (64% vs 20%, P ˂ .001). The need for vascular reconstruction was associated with higher mortality (P = .04). Two of the 4 patients transplanted died. Conclusion: Vascular lesions during cholecystectomy are a potentially life-threatening complication. Management of referral to specialized centers to perform multiple complex multidisciplinary procedures should be mandatory. Late vascular repair has not shown to be associated with worse results