Soil Phosphorus Availability and Eucalypt Phosphorus Uptake from Soluble and Insoluble Sources of Phosphorus

P recovery efficiency from natural rock phosphates and a concentrated phosphate by Eucalyptus grandis plantation in relation to triple superphosphate was evaluated in field trials conducted in the cerrado area of Brazil. Two experiments were carried out in two sites of the Savanna area of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The rates of the natural phosphates (RP)  Araxa and Patos de Minas(P2O5 24% and Ca 25%),  were 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 kg/ha and Arafertil (33% -P2O5 and 33% Ca)concentrated rock was tested using 1000kg/ha rate only. The triple superphosphate (TP = 45% -P2O5 and 13% Ca) was applied at 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 kg/ha. Mehlich -1 and Bray -1 extractants were used to extract P from the soil. The concentration of P extracted varied with the reagent used.  Mehlich-1 extracted about 38.8% more P over the Bray -1 extractant at both sites, although, in one of the sites the extraction was 18% higher than the other. On both experimental sites, application of phosphate from both natural and concentrated forms increased tree height, stem volume and above ground dry matter production, but there was no difference between them at the rate of 1000 kg/ha. P-fixing capacity by trees increased with increasing soil P utilization efficiency. P recovery by the trees varied from 3 to 11% depending on rates and source. But P fixing capacity was higher for TP than for RP. Keywords: Araxa rock, concentrated arafertil; recovery efficiency, P-fixing capacity and eucalypt

Obstáculos no tratamento da dor pediátrica no Brasil: visão das crianças, uma parcial

Introdução: No Brasil, 40% dos servicos de Cuidados Paliativos Pediatricos ainda tem dificuldades ou nao tem acesso a opioides. Uma vez que o tratamento da dor na crianca e considerado essencial, devendo ser feito de maneira adequada e holistica, mas que atualmente esse cuidado ainda e negligenciado no ensino e na assistencia, os obstaculos devem ser elucidados para que haja avancos, sendo importante, a principio, elucidar de forma mais clara como a dor e entendida pela propria crianca. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho e entender quais as barreiras para o tratamento da dor no Brasil na visao das criancas. Método: Estudo observacional, exploratorio-descritivo e transversal, aprovado pelo Comite de Etica em Pesquisa da instituicao em questao, com inicio da coleta de dados em maio de 2022. Foram convidadas para participar da pesquisa criancas de 8 a 18 anos de idade, internadas nas enfermarias de um Hospital Universitario vinculado a uma universidade federal, fora do periodo de instabilidade clinica. Apos a concordancia em participar da pesquisa, assim como assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido pelo responsavel e Termo de Assentimento Livre e Esclarecido pelo entrevistado, foram realizadas entrevistas presenciais, com roteiro de perguntas tendo apoio em outros estudos ja publicados e encontrados por revisao de literatura sobre dor em pediatria. Resultados: Foram entrevistadas 8 criancas, de 8 a 16 anos de idade, sendo 5 do sexo feminino, 2 do masculino e 1 que preferiu nao dizer. Apenas 1 dos pesquisados disse que nao se preocupava com a dor que poderia sentir em seu tratamento, sendo que 2 relataram que tem dificuldades em auto-reconhecer quando estao com dor. Todos acharam importante o profissional de saude saber tratar dor em pediatria. Um dado importante que ser apontado e que 50% dos participantes relataram que ja tiveram muitas dores que seus pais ou a equipe de saude disseram que nao era nada e ficaram tristes por isso. Conclusão: Ainda ha obstaculos importantes para que a dor pediatrica no Brasil seja adequadamente avaliada e tratada, sendo que mais pesquisas na area devem ser feitas, assim como acoes educativas para profissionais de saude e populacao em geral tambem.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Is There Any Difference between the In Situ and Systemic IL-10 and IFN-γ Production when Clinical Forms of Cutaneous Sporotrichosis Are Compared?

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2016-12-15T11:14:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 fernanda_morgado_etal_IOC_2016.pdf: 4768094 bytes, checksum: 5ab755cd6bdf28be44e74b4620b05950 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2016-12-15T11:30:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fernanda_morgado_etal_IOC_2016.pdf: 4768094 bytes, checksum: 5ab755cd6bdf28be44e74b4620b05950 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-15T11:30:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernanda_morgado_etal_IOC_2016.pdf: 4768094 bytes, checksum: 5ab755cd6bdf28be44e74b4620b05950 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leishmaniose. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Serviço de Infectologia - VigLeish. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Serviço de Infectologia - VigLeish. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Serviço de Infectologia - VigLeish. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Serviço de Infectologia - VigLeish. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Serviço de Infectologia - VigLeish. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / New University of Lisbon (UNL). Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Institute (IHMT). Lisboa, Portugal.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fungus of the Sporothrix schenckii complex can produce skin lesions in humans, commonly lymphocutaneous (LC) and fixed (F) forms of sporotrichosis. Some authors have suggested that clinical forms are influenced by differences in virulence and genetic profile of isolates. But little is known about the role of immune response in determining the clinical outcome of sporotrichosis. To verify the profile of systemic and in situ IFN-γ and IL-10 expression in sporotrichosis patients, and consequently to detect any difference between the two compartments and/or clinical presentation, we quantified the number of IFN-γ and IL-10 producer peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with S. schenckii antigen (Ss-Ag) by Elispot, and quantified cytokines expression by in situ immunohistochemistry in the same patient. Three groups were formed: 1- LC (n = 9); 2- F (n = 10); 3- healthy individuals (n = 14). All sporotrichosis patients produced high amounts of systemic IFN- γ when compared to uninfected individuals. No differences were observed between LC and F groups. Regarding in situ IL-10 expression, a difference between LC and F groups was observed: LC lesions presented higher amounts of IL-10 than F lesions differently from systemic IL-10 which showed similarities. Our data suggests that LC lesions present higher IL-10 expression which could be related to regulatory mechanisms for compensating the tissue injury, however favoring fungal persistence in the lesions. Surprisingly, there were no differences in systemic and in situ IFN- γ expression between CL and F patients, although it was significantly higher expressed in these patients than in healthy individuals

<i>In situ</i> IL-10 expression in lymphocutaneous (LC) and fixed (F) forms of sporotrichosis.

<p><i>In situ</i> IL-10 expression in lymphocutaneous (LC) and fixed (F) forms of sporotrichosis.</p

<i>In situ</i> IFN-γ and IL-10 expression in lymphocutaneous and fixed lesions of sporothrichosis.

<p>The <i>in situ</i> IFN-γ and IL-10 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. The arrows point positive areas (red/AEC– 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole). The intensity of staining was scored in ten microscopic fields (200x magnification) as rare (at least 1 positive area / field), discrete (2–3 positive areas / field), moderate (4–5 positive areas / field) and intense (>5 positive areas / field). Scale bar = 10μm.</p

Clinical data of patients with lymphocutaneous (LC) and fixed (F) forms of sporothrichosis.

<p>Clinical data of patients with lymphocutaneous (LC) and fixed (F) forms of sporothrichosis.</p