Transposición didáctica y la perspectiva crítica de Pablo Freire.

La transposición didáctica  constituye uno de los aportes más significativos para el proceso de enseñanza en la actualidad. El presente texto procura confrontar esta propuesta a la perspectiva crítica del pensamiento  de Freire, con el propósito de contribuir a enriquecer una visión latinoamericana de esta nobel propuesta de la didáctica contemporánea

Transposición didáctica y la perspectiva crítica de Pablo Freire.

The didactic transposition constitutes one of the most significant contributions to the teaching process today. The present text tries to confront this proposal with the critical perspective of Freire's thought, with the purpose of contributing to enrich a Latin American vision of this noble proposal of contemporary didactics.La transposición didáctica  constituye uno de los aportes más significativos para el proceso de enseñanza en la actualidad. El presente texto procura confrontar esta propuesta a la perspectiva crítica del pensamiento  de Freire, con el propósito de contribuir a enriquecer una visión latinoamericana de esta nobel propuesta de la didáctica contemporánea

Psychosocial risk factors in medical personnel of a health service in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia

Objective: to determine the variables associated with psychosocial risk factors among the doctors of a stateowned social welfare enterprise providing health services in Cartagena. Methodology: a cross-sectional study on a population of 197 doctors from the enterprise’s outpatient and emergency services. The istas21 questionnaire, a Spanish adaptation of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (copsoq), was used to assess psychosocial factors. Statistical analysis was performed using the program SPSS® version 17, and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was applied to estimate the associations between variables. Results: 170 doctors participated in this study; 88.8% of which had favorable exposure to risk factors in the following dimensions: social support and quality of leadership and Double presence. 69.4% showed adverse exposure in the insecurity dimension. In the dimensions Insecurity and Double Presence, general practitioners were in worse conditions than specialists (Mann-Whitney U Prob<0.05). Additionally, doctors from the outpatient service showed more deterioration in the social support and quality of leadership dimensions than those from the emergency service (Mann-Whitney U Prob<0.05). As for the psychological demands dimension, doctors from higher socioeconomic strata showed higher unfavorable scores than those from lower strata (Mann-Whitney U Prob<0.05)

Transposición didáctica y la perspectiva crítica de Pablo Freire.

The didactic transposition constitutes one of the most significant contributions to the teaching process today. The present text tries to confront this proposal with the critical perspective of Freire's thought, with the purpose of contributing to enrich a Latin American vision of this noble proposal of contemporary didactics.La transposición didáctica  constituye uno de los aportes más significativos para el proceso de enseñanza en la actualidad. El presente texto procura confrontar esta propuesta a la perspectiva crítica del pensamiento  de Freire, con el propósito de contribuir a enriquecer una visión latinoamericana de esta nobel propuesta de la didáctica contemporánea

Initial analysis of archived non-human primate frontal and rear impact data from the biodynamics data resource

<p><b>Objective</b>: The research objective was to conduct an initial analysis of non-human primate (NHP) data from frontal and rear impact events archived in the Biodynamics Data Resource (BDR) records of the Naval Biodynamics Laboratory (NBDL). These rare data, collected between 1973 and 1989, will inform the safety community of upper-end tolerance limits of NHP and may be related to severe crash scenarios.</p> <p><b>Methods</b>: Data from frontal and rear acceleration tests to 93 macaque NHP were examined. Each NHP was fully torso restrained, whereas the head–neck complex was unrestrained. Each NHP underwent between 1 and 21 total runs; 2 total runs was most common—a low-level run and then a high-level run. Following each impact exposure, the NHP was evaluated using a series of medical examinations. Now part of the legacy collection in the BDR, these evaluations were used to assess NHP exposures to be in one of 3 categories: noninjurious, injurious, or fatal. Using reported peak sled acceleration values, data were amenable to survival analysis statistical methodology to derive injury probability curves (IPCs). IPCs were derived for injury and fatality outcomes.</p> <p><b>Results</b>: Fatal injuries for both frontal and rear impacts were mostly at the cranio-vertebral junction. In addition to hemorrhage, fatal frontal and rear impact tests both produced predominantly atlanto-occipital dislocations, with and without spinal cord transection. After exclusions, IPCs were derived for frontal and rear impact for both (1) fatal outcome and (2) injurious outcome (any injury including fatal injury). For frontal impact, 53 NHP qualified with 5, 25, and 50% risk for fatality at 89, 105, and 114 peak sled <i>G</i>s, respectively, and for injurious outcome at 70, 92, and 106 <i>G</i>s, respectively. For rear impact, 34 NHP qualified with 5, 25, and 50% risk for fatality at 96, 122, 138 peak sled <i>G</i>s, respectively, and for injurious outcome at 75, 99, and 115 <i>G</i>s, respectively.</p> <p><b>Conclusions</b>: The majority of injuries were at the cranio-vertebral junction, indicating that the inertial head mass caused a tensile loading mechanism to the cervical spine. These data may be used in conjunction with finite element modeling to estimate risks to the human population. The most direct application in the automotive environment could be to the well-restrained child. The <i>N_ij</i> neck injury criteria, currently based on data from piglet studies, could also benefit because the NHP is a more accurate human surrogate. These types of tests are likely to never be repeated and will form an upper bound of tolerance information valuable to safety system designers.</p