Increase of accuracy of definition of coordinates by multi-position passive complexes on a basis of difference-distance measuring method and the problem solution in redundancy conditions

It is proposed a method of definition of coordinates of radiation sources (RS) using difference-distance measuring method and the problem solution in condition of redundant information about target space location. It is considered mathematical tool for the problem solution in condition of redundancy, it is represented a validation of considered method of RS coordinates definition. It is carried out simulation of RS coordinates definition, and on a basis of statistic characteristics of simulation results it is shown increase of the accuracy of RS coordinates in case of application of given method in the system of passive radio location

Isomorphous Substitutions of Rare Earth Elements for Calcium in Synthetic Hydroxyapatites

Polycrystalline hydroxyapatites Ca10−xREEx(PO4)6(OH)2−xOx were synthesized and studied by X-ray powder diffraction, infrared absorption, diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry. The solubility limits xmax of rare earth elements (REE) in Ca hydroxyapatites decreases with an increasing REE atomic number from xmax = 2.00 for La, Pr, and Nd to xmax = 0.20 for Yb at 1100 °C. Refinements of X-ray diffraction patterns by the Rietveld method show that REE atoms substitute for Ca preferentially at the Ca(2) sites of the apatite structure. The substitution decreases the Ca(2)−O(4) atomic distances in the calcium coordination polyhedra and increases the Ca(2)−O(1,2,3) distances. This observation shows that interatomic distances depend not only on radii of the ions involved in the substitution but also on their charges

UV Light-Activated GdYVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles ınduce reactive oxygen species generation in leukocytes without affecting erythrocytes in vitro

Nanoparticles (NPs) have been reported to be promising enhancement agents for radiation therapy. The aim of the study was to assess the cytotoxicity of UV non-treated and UV pretreated GdYVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles against erythrocytes and leukocytes by detecting eryptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Levels of intracellular ROS in erythrocytes and leukocytes using a ROS-sensitive dye 2ʹ,7ʹ-dichlorodihydrofuorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA), as well as eryptosis rate utilizing annexin V staining, following direct exposure to UV-activated and nonactivated NPs were detected by fow cytometry. Blood cells were collected from 9 intact WAG rats. Neither the UV light-untreated GdYVO4:Eu3+ NPs nor the treated ones promoted eryptosis and ROS generation in erythrocytes. Low concentrations of UV light-untreated NPs did not induce oxidative stress in leukocytes, evidenced by unafected intracellular ROS levels. UV light treatment grants prooxidant properties to NPs, confrmed by NP-induced ROS overproduction in leukocytes. High concentrations of both UV light-treated and untreated NPs altered the redox state of leukocytes. UV light treatment imparts prooxidant properties to GdYVO4:Eu3+ NPs, making them promising radiosensitizing agents in cancer radiation therapy.Ukrayna Sağlık Bakanlığı 0121U11092

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Adverse Outcome in Patients with Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis

The natural history of liver cirrhosis (LC) is characterized by two stages: compensated and decompensated. Current clinical and laboratory prognostic models, such as Child-Pugh and MELD scales, do not take into account immune dysregulation, as well as it potential impact on the LC decompensation and the survival. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is simple and affordable parameter, representing the imbalance of two distinct immune pathways.Aim: to evaluate relationship between NLR level, mortality and SIRS development in patients with DC.Materials and methods. In this retrospective study 36 patients with DC which were hospitalized in Hepatology Department of V.H. Vasilenko clinic of propaedeutics and internal diseases, gastroenterology and hepatology, Sechenov University from January 2009 to December 2017 were enrolled. Correlation analysis, univariate and multivariable analysis were provided to find factors statistically significantly associated with lethal outcome and SIRS. The optimal cut-off levels for the NLR associated with adverse outcome were determined.Results. AIn multivariable analysis, NLR > 4 (p < 0,001) was statistically significantly associated with lethal outcome in patients with DC during hospitalization (OR: 1.57, [95 % CI 1.125–2.209], p = 0.008). Sensitivity and specificity of this cut-off is 100 % and 79.17 %, respectively. NLR > 4.8 was associated with SIRS development during hospitalization (OR: 1.484, [95 % CI 1.103–1.997], p = 0.009) with 100 % sensitivity and 90 % specificity.Conclusions. NLR is an independent risk factor of lethal outcome and SIRS development in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Adverse Outcome in Patients with Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis

The natural history of liver cirrhosis (LC) is characterized by two stages: compensated and decompensated. Current clinical and laboratory prognostic models, such as Child-Pugh and MELD scales, do not take into account immune dysregulation, as well as it potential impact on the LC decompensation and the survival. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is simple and affordable parameter, representing the imbalance of two distinct immune pathways.Aim: to evaluate relationship between NLR level, mortality and SIRS development in patients with DC.Materials and methods. In this retrospective study 36 patients with DC which were hospitalized in Hepatology Department of V.H. Vasilenko clinic of propaedeutics and internal diseases, gastroenterology and hepatology, Sechenov University from January 2009 to December 2017 were enrolled. Correlation analysis, univariate and multivariable analysis were provided to find factors statistically significantly associated with lethal outcome and SIRS. The optimal cut-off levels for the NLR associated with adverse outcome were determined.Results. AIn multivariable analysis, NLR > 4 (p < 0,001) was statistically significantly associated with lethal outcome in patients with DC during hospitalization (OR: 1.57, [95 % CI 1.125–2.209], p = 0.008). Sensitivity and specificity of this cut-off is 100 % and 79.17 %, respectively. NLR > 4.8 was associated with SIRS development during hospitalization (OR: 1.484, [95 % CI 1.103–1.997], p = 0.009) with 100 % sensitivity and 90 % specificity.Conclusions. NLR is an independent risk factor of lethal outcome and SIRS development in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis

Gadolinium Orthovanadate GdVO4:Eu3+ Nanoparticles Ameliorate Carrageenan-Induced Intestinal Inflammation

Gadolinium orthovanadate GdVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles (VNPs) have been shown to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), making them a promising therapeutic agent in inflammation. This study aims to assess the effects of VNPs administered orally on E407a-induced inflammation. Materials and Methods: Fragments of the small intestine of 8 rats treated orally with a carrageenan-containing food additive E407a at a dose of 140 mg / kg of weight during 2 weeks, 8 animals orally exposed to both E407a and VNPs at a dose of 20 μg / kg of weight during the same period of time, and 8 control rats were stained routinely and immunostained for CD3 and CD68 with the subsequent immunohistochemical scoring. Moreover, analysis of viability and cell death modes of granulocytes was performed by flow cytometry using Annexin V and 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD). Results: Oral exposure to the food additive E407a resulted in the development of enteritis associated with altered small intestinal morphology, infiltration of the lamina propria with macrophages and T-lymphocytes, and activation of peripheral blood granulocyte apoptosis. VNPs administered against the background of E407a-induced slight intestinal inflammation improved small intestinal morphology, decreased infiltration rate of the immune cells mentioned above without affecting the intensity of granulocyte apoptosis. Conclusion: Oral administration of VNPs ameliorates E407a-induced enteritis

MR localizer showing transversal (A) and coronal (B) views of the agarose phantom together with the position of the copper tube (green dotted line).

<p>The yellow dotted line indicates the positioning of the copper tube which corresponds to the positioning used in the numerical simulations (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0049963#pone-0049963-g002" target="_blank">Figs. 2A</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0049963#pone-0049963-g003" target="_blank">3</a>). Strong MR artifacts are also visible. The same position was used for the stents.</p

Absolute <i>E</i>-field distribution for a transversal slice through the middle of the reference phantom for 1 W rms input power (A).

<p>The dotted black line indicates the position of the coronal slice shown in <b>B.</b> A maximum <i>E</i>-field of 110 V/m is reached at the bottom of the reference phantom in areas closer to the feeding point of the coil. <b>B)</b> Vector representation of the <i>E</i>-field for a coronal slice marked by the dotted black line in <b>A.</b> A phase value of 270° was used in between the feeding points. The vector arrows rotate in the slice plane around its vertical axis of rotation.</p

Synopsis of results derived from numerical EMF simulations.

<p><i>E</i>-fields and temperature changes observed for the control phantom and for a copper tube positioned in the lowest <i>E</i>-field (<i>E</i>_min) and the highest <i>E</i>-field (<i>E</i>_max) regions of the RF heating coil for 1 W rms input power. Values are given for right (r) or left (l) regions close to the position of the tip of the copper tube.</p

Time course of the temperature difference during an RF heating experiment using an agarose phantom retrofitted with the stent and the control phantom.

<p>Delta temperature maps were deduced after 10 minutes (<b>A</b>), 40 minutes (<b>B</b>) and 60 minutes (<b>C</b>) of RF heating. A local temperature increase around the tips of the stents of ΔT = (22) K was observed for all time points.</p