El papel facilitador o inhibidor de Pinus Pinea L. Sobre especies autóctonas de matorral mediterráneo

Tesis descargada desde TESEONegative and positive interactions operate simultaneously in plant communities and the balance between these two forces drives community structure and function. Mediterranean sand dune ecosystems are nutrient-poor systems in which vegetation is composed mainly by Pinus pinea L., Juniperus phoenicea L., Osyris lanceolata Hochst. & Steud. and several shrubs belonging to the Cistaceae. P. pinea, due to its abundance and size, is known to interact with the rest of the species. With these assumptions we investigated the possible impacts of P. pinea on several aspects: (1) seed germination and seedling performance of three Mediterranean shrubs (Cistaceae family), (2) study of the decomposition processes of various life forms at the study site, (3) intensity of competition between seedlings of P. pinea, C. salvifolius and P. lentiscus under different combinations and nutrient treatments in order to evaluate the different behavior under nutrient-rich or poor conditions and (4) evaluate the special relationship between O. lanceolata, a hemiparasitic dioecious shrub and P. pinea. A thin needle layer could improve seed germination and seedling performance of shrub species due to the maintenance of a safe site and supplying some nutrients. These same needles may retard decomposition processes, but the presence of O. lanceolata litter in the soil enhances litter decomposition by releasing nutrients and enhancing litter decay rates of other species. A well-developed root system allows P. pinea to cope with the rest of the species and morphological traits are more important in predicting changes in competition than ecophysiological traits. This doctoral thesis highlights the important role played by O. lanceolata, not only in the nutrient cycling, but also spreading at the study site due to the presence of a good host, P. pinea

Influencia de la crisis de las empresas periodísticas en la calidad informativa

La crisis que sufrió el sector periodístico español entre los años 2008 y 2014 supuso el cierre de 364 medios de comunicación, afectó a 11.875 trabajadores –5.909 tan solo en Madrid– y consolidó la precariedad laboral en las redacciones, en un contexto general de recesión económica y de descenso de la inversión publicitaria, que se sumaron a la crisis estructural de la industria mediática y a su inadaptación a las tecnologías y mercados emergentes. Esta investigación analizó las causas y las consecuencias de la quiebra del sistema de medios español y de la drástica reducción de los recursos humanos en las empresas informativas. Asimismo, examinó la influencia de la crisis sobre el trabajo periodístico y la información que reciben los ciudadanos, pilar fundamental para configurar una sociedad instruida, además de detallar qué requisitos deben cumplir los medios para evitar los cierres y paliar las secuelas de este proceso destructivo. Para ello, principalmente, se realizó una encuesta entre los miembros de la Asociación de la Prensa de Madrid de la que se obtuvo una muestra de 977 respuestas y se profundizó en los informes anuales de esta Asociación, en su revista Cuadernos de Periodistas y en su Observatorio para el seguimiento de la crisis, entre otros muchos textos que conformaron un amplio corpus documental. El 96,6 % de los encuestados afirmó que la crisis del sector periodístico español afectó a la calidad informativa de los medios de comunicación, y casi idéntico porcentaje (el 96,7 %) aseguró que la disminución de las plantillas influyó de forma negativa en el producto informativo. Por su parte, el 90,9 % de los periodistas consultados constató que se ha producido una banalización de la información durante los últimos años..

Application of Semi-Empirical Ventilation Models in A Mediterranean Greenhouse with Opposing Thermal and Wind Effects. Use of Non-Constant Cd (Pressure Drop Coefficient Through the Vents) and Cw (Wind Effect Coefficient)

The present work analyses the natural ventilation of a multi-span greenhouse with one roof vent and two side vents by means of sonic anemometry. Opening the roof vent to windward, one side vent to leeward, and the other side vents to windward (this last vent obstructed by another greenhouse), causes opposing thermal GT (m3 s−1) and wind effects Gw (m3 s−1), as outside air entering the greenhouse through the roof vent circulates downward, contrary to natural convection due to the thermal effect. In our case, the ventilation rate RM (h−1) in a naturally ventilated greenhouse fits a second order polynomial with wind velocity uo (RM = 0.37 uo2 + 0.03 uo + 0.75; R2 = 0.99). The opposing wind and thermal effects mean that ventilation models based on Bernoulli’s equation must be modified in order to add or subtract their effects accordingly—Model 1, in which the flow is driven by the sum of two independent pressure fields GM1=√(∣∣G2T±G2w∣∣) , or Model 2, in which the flow is driven by the sum of two independent fluxes GM2=|GT±Gw| . A linear relationship has been obtained, which allows us to estimate the discharge coefficient of the side vents (CdVS) and roof vent (CdWR) as a function of uo [CdVS = 0.028 uo + 0.028 (R2 = 0.92); CdWR = 0.036 uo + 0.040 (R2 = 0.96)]. The wind effect coefficient Cw was determined by applying models M1 and M2 proved not to remain constant for the different experiments, but varied according to the ratio uo/∆Tio0.5 or δ [CwM1 = exp(−2.693 + 1.160/δ) (R2 = 0.94); CwM2 = exp(−2.128 + 1.264/δ) (R2 = 0.98)]

Active Tectonics, Quaternary Stress Regime Evolution and Seismotectonic Faults in Southern Central Hispaniola: Implications for the Quantitative Seismic Hazard Assessment

Present-day convergence between Caribbean and North American plates is accommodated by subduction zones, major active thrusts and strike-slip faults, which are probably the source of the historical large earthquakes on Hispaniola. However, little is known of their geometric and kinematic characteristics, slip rates and seismic activity over time. This information is important to understand the active tectonics in Hispaniola, but it is also crucial to estimate the seismic hazard in the region. Here we show that a relatively constant NE-directed shortening controlled the geometry and kinematics of main active faults in southern central Hispaniola, as well as the evolution of the Quaternary stress regime. This evolution included a pre-Early Pleistocene D1 event of NE-trending compression, which gave rise to the large-scale fold and thrust structure in the Cordillera Central, Peralta Belt, Sierra Martín García and San Juan-Azua basin. This was followed by a near pure strike-slip D2 stress regime, partitioned into the N-S to NE-SW transverse Ocoa-Bonao-La Guácara and Beata Ridge fault zones, as well as subordinate structures in related sub-parallel deformation corridors. Shift to D2 strike-slip deformation was related to indentation of the Beata Ridge in southern Hispaniola from the Early to Middle Pleistocene and continues today. D2 was locally coeval by a more heterogeneous and geographically localized D3 extensional deformation. Defined seismotectonic fault zones divide the region into a set of simplified seismogenic zones as starting point for a seismic hazard modeling. Highest peak ground acceleration values computed in the Ocoa Bay establish a very high seismic hazard.The research was funded through PID2019-105625RB-C22 project of the MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 of the Spanish Government. Some works also received funding from the DR-T 1190 Project of the Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (World Bank) and the FONDOCYT project 2015-1b3–118 of the MESCyT of the Dominican Republic Government

Empleo de sacubitrilo-valsartán, rurosemida y levosimendán en un paciente pluripatológico con insuficiencia cardíaca descompensada

A 69-year old male hypertensive, dyslipidaemic, ex-smoker and former drinker, permanent atrial fibrillation and chronic ischemic heart disease. He goes to the Emergency Department due to minimal effort dyspnea and is arrhythmic and with pulmonary bibasal crackles. In hospitalization, implantation of implantable automatic defibrillator is performed due to streaks of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia. Sacubitril-valsartan is started, which is suspended due to new decompensation of heart failure. At this time, it is scheduled every two weeks in the day hospital for administration of intravenous levosimendan and furosemide, and thus, sacubitril-valsartan can be reintroduced at progressive doses.Varón de 69 años, hipertenso, dislipémico, ex fumador y ex bebedor, fibrilación auricular permanente y cardiopatía isquémica crónica. Acudió a Urgencias por disnea de mínimos esfuerzos y se encontraba arrítmico y con crepitantes bibasales pulmonares. En planta de hospitalización, se procedió a la implantación de desfibrilador automático implantable por presentar rachas de taquicardia ventricular no sostenida. Se inició sacubitrilo-valsartán, que se suspendió por nueva descompensación de insuficiencia cardíaca. En este momento, se cita cada 2 semanas en hospital de día para administración de levosimendán y furosemida intravenosos y, de este modo, se puede reintroducir sacubitrilo-valsartán a dosis progresivas

CSR and branding in emerging economies: The effect of incomes and education

Sustainable development is a fundamental objective for guaranteeing the future of the planet. Taking into account the impact of emerging economies on the global economy and the scarcity of papers that have considered the effect of CSR initiatives on consumer behavior on those economies, it seems that further research on this issue is necessary. In particular, we analyze the extent to which CSR affects the connection and links of the consumer to the brand (i.e., self–brand connection, brand engagement). The main contribution of the paper to the field is the analysis of the interaction between CSR and branding in the context of an emerging economy. To that aim, and also in a novel way, we use the Stimuli–Organism–Response (SOR) model for a sample of more than 400 food and beverage consumers in Metropolitan Lima, Peru. Our results show that CSR effectively acts as a stimulus for consumers to identify and link to brands and that, in addition, these links generate buy-back (i.e., loyalty) and recommendation behaviors (i.e., WOM) which, in turn, create a great commercial value for companies. This research also analyses how incomes and educational levels moderate the intensity of such links. For practical implications, global trends in managing CSR and branding may be useful, although some cross-cultural and context-specific adaptations are necessary

Estructura genética del caballo de Pura Raza Menorquina

El caballo de Pura Raza Menorquina es una raza autóctona española localizada fundamentalmente en la isla de Menorca. Según los ganaderos los animales que fundaron el Libro Genealógico creado en 1987, procedían principalmente de cuatro sementales emblemáticos Mudaino (M), Olivaret (O), Son Quart (S) y Torretrençada (T). Con el objetivo de contrastar la existencia de influencia de estas cuatro líneas genéticas en la población actual, se ha realizado un análisis genealógico y molecular. En la actual población de caballos de la raza está patente la influencia de los cuatro sementales emblemáticos utilizados. Pero es necesario desarrollar este estudio con otras técnicas estadísticas para conocer si es posible y con qué grado de probabilidad se podría asignar un ejemplar de influencia desconocida a alguna de las cuatro líneas establecidas