Fourier-Hermite decomposition of the collisional Vlasov-Maxwell system: implications for the velocity space cascade

Turbulence at kinetic scales is an unresolved and ubiquitous phenomenon that characterizes both space and laboratory plasmas. Recently, new theories, {\it in-situ} spacecraft observations and numerical simulations suggest a novel scenario for turbulence, characterized by a so-called phase space cascade -- the formation of fine structures, both in physical and velocity space. This new concept is here extended by directly taking into account the role of inter-particle collisions, modeled through the nonlinear Landau operator or the simplified Dougherty operator. The characteristic times, associated with inter-particle correlations, are derived in the above cases. The implications of introducing collisions on the phase space cascade are finally discussed.Comment: Special issue featuring the invited talks from the International Congress on Plasma Physics (ICPP) in Vancouver, Canada 4-8 June 201

Generational Relations, Technology and Digital Communication: a Comparison between Multicultural and Native Families

The paper presents some first results of an ongoing research on the transformational decision-making processes within the family dialogue in relation to the use of digital technologies by adults and adolescents for study and work. Are these processes perceived differently within multicultural families than within native families? Besides analysing these issues, the paper presents an interesting insight into the so-called “media diet” of adolescents, with a focus on the pandemic period. The research was carried out by administering a questionnaire to almost four hundred students at a high school in Reggio Emilia (Italy)

Toward a unified TreeTalker data curation process

The Internet of Things (IoT) development is revolutionizing environmental monitoring and research in macroecology. This technology allows for the deployment of sizeable diffuse sensing networks capable of continuous monitoring. Because of this property, the data collected from IoT networks can provide a testbed for scientific hypotheses across large spatial and temporal scales. Nevertheless, data curation is a necessary step to make large and heterogeneous datasets exploitable for synthesis analyses. This process includes data retrieval, quality assurance, standardized formatting, storage, and documentation. TreeTalkers are an excellent example of IoT applied to ecology. These are smart devices for synchronously measuring trees’ physiological and environmental parameters. A set of devices can be organized in a mesh and permit data collection from a single tree to plot or transect scale. The deployment of such devices over large-scale networks needs a standardized approach for data curation. For this reason, we developed a unified processing workflow according to the user manual. In this paper, we first introduce the concept of a unified TreeTalker data curation process. The idea was formalized into an R-package, and it is freely available as open software. Secondly, we present the different functions available in “ttalkR”, and, lastly, we illustrate the application with a demonstration dataset. With such a unified processing approach, we propose a necessary data curation step to establish a new environmental cyberinfrastructure and allow for synthesis activities across environmental monitoring networks. Our data curation concept is the first step for supporting the TreeTalker data life cycle by improving accessibility and thus creating unprecedented opportunities for TreeTalker-based macroecological analyse

Fourier-Hermite decomposition of the collisional Vlasov-Maxwell system: Implications for the velocity-space cascade

Turbulence at kinetic scales is an unresolved and ubiquitous phenomenon that characterizes both space and laboratory plasmas. Recently, new theories, {\it in-situ} spacecraft observations and numerical simulations suggest a novel scenario for turbulence, characterized by a so-called phase space cascade -- the formation of fine structures, both in physical and velocity space. This new concept is here extended by directly taking into account the role of inter-particle collisions, modeled through the nonlinear Landau operator or the simplified Dougherty operator. The characteristic times, associated with inter-particle correlations, are derived in the above cases. The implications of introducing collisions on the phase space cascade are finally discussed

Cooking system

This disclosure describes a cooking hob, particularly an induction cooking hob

Comparison of approaches for reporting forest fire-related biomass loss and greenhouse gas emissions in southern Europe

Wildfires are the most common disturbances in Mediterranean forest ecosystems that cause significant emissions of greenhouse gases as a result of biomass burning. Despite this, there is reasonably high uncertainty regarding the actual fraction of burnt biomass and the related CO2 and non-CO2 gas emissions released during forest fires. The aim of this paper is to compare existing methodologies adopted in the National Greenhouse Gas Inventory reports of five of the most fire-affected countries of southern Europe (Italy, Spain, Greece, Portugal, France) with those proposed in the literature, to operationally estimate forest fire emissions, and to discuss current perspectives on reducing uncertainties in reporting activities for the Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry sector under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol. Five selected approaches have been experimentally applied for the estimation of burnt biomass in forest fire events that occurred in Italy in the period 2008–2010. Approaches based on nominal rates of biomass loss can lead to an overly conservative value or, conversely, to underestimation of the fraction of burnt biomass. Uncertainties can be greatly reduced by an operational method able to assess inter-annual and local variability of fire effects on fire-affected forest types. L'articolo è disponibile sul sito dell'editore http://www.publish.csiro.a

Extending large-scale forest inventories to assess urban forests

Urban areas are continuously expanding today, extending their influence on an increasingly large proportion of woods and trees located in or nearby urban and urbanizing areas, the socalled urban forests. Although these forests have the potential for significantly improving the quality the urban environment and the well-being of the urban population, data to quantify the extent and characteristics of urban forests are still lacking or fragmentary on a large scale. In this regard, an expansion of the domain of multipurpose forest inventories like National Forest Inventories (NFIs) towards urban forests would be required. To this end, it would be convenient to exploit the same sampling scheme applied in NFIs to assess the basic features of urban forests. This paper considers approximately unbiased estimators of abundance and coverage of urban forests, together with estimators of the corresponding variances, which can be achieved from the first phase of most largescale forest inventories. A simulation study is carried out in order to check the performance of the considered estimators under various situations involving the spatial distribution of the urban forests over the study area. An application is worked out on the data from the Italian NFI.L'articolo è disponibile sul sito dell'editore www.springer.co

Interindividual variability and individual stability of pain- and touch-related neuronal gamma oscillations

The interpretation of gamma activity in response to noxious and innocuous somatosensory stimuli has sparked controversy. Here, we show that participants’ gamma oscillations measured through electroencephalography vary. Although some participants do not show a distinct gamma response, others exhibit stable and reliable response patterns in terms of time, frequency, and magnitude

Contesto familiare/culturale nel divide generazionale introdotto dalle tecnologie digitali

The transformations taking place in the contexts of pervasive use of social media by the adolescent generation, especially the degree of full immersion that this has caused, prompt an exploration through an empirical research project of the domestication patterns involving families today on the front of the moral economy related to new media. The overall objective is to de- scribe the students’ opinions on their own digital skills and habits and to collect their perceptions on adults’ digital skills and habits. Sharing of view- points and meanings can serve to limit the creation of a generation gap due to different approaches to digital tools. We produced and administered a 90-item questionnaire with open-ended and closed-ended questions to 362 students at a high school in Reggio Emi- lia, Italy. The questionnaire was administered online in the period between March and April 2022