Aspectos generales de la performance y su vinculación con el cabaret político desde la perspectiva de la actuación. La teatralidad disidente de Irina la Loca, un caso de estudio

Tesis para optar al título de actrizEsta tesis se plantea como un estudio concerniente al escenario artístico disidente, enfocado en la investigación de antecedentes históricos que hablan del desarrollo y formación de la performance en Chile y de su relación con el cabaret político, con el objetivo de generar un registro que sirva de referente para comprender la metodología de estas prácticas, en cuanto al método creativo utilizado por sus exponentes. Se realizará una recopilación histórico-cronológica de antecedentes que sirven de base para el entendimiento de la metodología, tomando de diferentes registros aquello relevante en cuanto a su vinculación con el tema. Se realizarán además entrevistas a exponentes contemporáneos de la performance nacional, de manera de obtener información complementaria en cuanto al desarrollo de la performance en Chile. Finalmente, se planteará el análisis puntual de tres diferentes performance de Irina la Loca, así como de su historia profesional, como ejemplo de los procesos rescatados de la investigación previa

Estudio del patrón de expresión y efecto fenotípico de la falta de función de la variante de histona Macroh2a2 durante el desarrollo embrionario del pez cebra

Tesis (Bioquímico, Magíster en Bioquímica)En células eucariontes el DNA está asociado a histonas formando un complejo nucleoproteico denominado cromatina. La unidad básica de la cromatina es el nucleosoma y a partir de este comienza el super enrrollamiento de la hebra de ADN para su empaquetamiento en el reducido espacio provisto por el nucleo. La incorporación de variantes de histonas es un mecanismo de regulación epigenético, y por lo tanto tiene implicancia en la regulación de la expresión génica. Particularmente la familia de H2A corresponde a la histona canoníca que posee mayor cantidad y diversidad de variantes descritas. Macroh2a es una variante específica de los vertebrados y se distingue por sobre las demás variantes de la familia H2A ya que posee una masa molecular aproximada de 42 kDa siendo casi tres veces mayor que el tamaño de la histona convencional. Macroh2a posee un dominio histónico con 65% de homología con la histona canónica y un amplio dominio no histónico en el extremo C-terminal, denominado dominio Macro. Se conocen dos isotipos no alélicos de esta variante, que estarían altamente relacionadas entre sí, denominados Macroh2al y Macroh2a2. La función de la familia Macroh2a se asocia a la represión de genes como un mecanismo fino de regulación y a la mantención de regiones heterocromáticas. Sin embargo, se desconoce su mecanismo de acción. Durante el desarrollo embrionario existe una expresión dinámica y coordinada de genes la cual es regulada en varios niveles y su activación gradual permite la distinción de patrones específicos de expresión génica. Evidencias bibliográficas y resultados experimentales obtenidos en nuestro laboratorio, demuestran la expresión mayoritaria del subtipo Macroh2a2 a nivel de mRNA y proteína durante la embriogénesis del pez cebra (Danio rerio ). Este trabajo se enmarca en el estudio del patrón de expresión de la proteína Macroh2a2 mediante inmunohistoquímica y la determinación de los efectos de la falta de función de Macroh2a2 mediante la microinyección de oligonucleótido antisentido (m orfo lino) y sus implicancias durante el desarrollo embrionario del pez cebra. Como resultado de la falta de función de Macroh2a2 se demostró que participa activamente en el correcto desarrollo embrionario del pez cebra

Metal Nanoparticles for the Treatment and Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases

This review focuses on the application of metal nanoparticles in the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Metal nanoparticles present interesting physicochemical properties that can be applied to increase biomarker detection sensitivities in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, these nanoparticles could be used in different strategies for the treatment of central nervous system diseases, particularly in regards to drug delivery. Herein, specific potential applications of metal nanoparticles are separately discussed for the contexts of in vitro diagnoses and treatments. Briefly, research using surface plasmon resonance methodologies has mainly used these nanoparticles for the in vitro detection of A beta and, to a lesser extent, of alpha-synuclein. Regarding treatment approaches, in vitro studies have focused on using metal nanoparticles to manipulate the A beta aggregation, thus reducing toxicity. Furthermore, in vivo applications of metal nanoparticles are also discussed, with many of the existing studies focusing on a magnetic nanoparticle-detection of A beta through magnetic resonance imaging and, to a lesser degree, extension fluorescence techniques. Finally, conclusions and perspectives are provided regarding the real potential for using metal nanoparticles in the treatment and diagnosis of central nervous system diseases.Fondap, 15130011 / Fondecyt, 1130425, 11130494, 1120079 / MECESUP, UCH-0811 / UNAB DI, 1309-16/R / MECESUP Doctoral Fellowship, UCH0714 / Millenium Institute Initiative, BNI P09-015-F / CONICYT Doctoral Fellowship, 2113061

A portable FTIR study of mortar model samples. Comparison among innovative and traditional techniques

In this research a portable non-destructive technique, the external reflection infrared spectroscopy (portable-FTIR), is compared with the traditional analytical techniques, such as powder X Ray diffraction (XRD), optical and petrographic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and traditional bench transmission FTIR. Advantages and drawbacks of this technique are here discussed, taking into account that it was never applied systematically to mortars and cement materials

Regionally Impaired Redox Homeostasis in the Brain of Rats Subjected to Global Perinatal Asphyxia: Sustained Effect up to 14 Postnatal Days

© 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. The present report evaluates the effect of global perinatal asphyxia on several parameters of oxidative stress and cell viability in rat brain tissue sampled at an extended neonatal period up to 14 days, a period characterised by intensive neuritogenesis, synaptogenesis, synaptic consolidation, pruning and delayed cell death. Perinatal asphyxia was induced by immersing foetus-containing uterine horns removed by a caesarean section from on term rat dams into a water bath at 37 °C for 21 min. Asphyxia-exposed and sibling caesarean-delivered foetuses were manually resucitated and nurtured by surrogate dams for 1 to 14 postnatal (P) days. Brain samples (mesencephalon, telencephalon and hippocampus) were assayed for glutathione (reduced and oxidated levels; spectrophotometry), tissue reducing capacity (potassium ferricyanide reducing assay, FRAP), catalase (the key enzyme protecting against oxidative stress and reactiv

Another Brick in the Wall. Validation of the \u3c31Receptor 3D Model by Computer-Assisted Design, Synthesis, and Activity of New \u3c31Ligands

Originally considered an enigmatic polypeptide, the \u3c31 receptor has recently been identified as a unique ligand- regulated protein. Many studies have shown the potential of \u3c31 receptor ligands for the treatment of various diseases of the central nervous system (CNS); nevertheless, almost no information about the 3D structure of the receptor and/or the possible modes of interaction of the \u3c31 protein with its ligands have been unveiled so far. With the present work we validated our \u3c31 3D homology model and assessed its reliability as a platform for \u3c31 ligand structure-based drug design. To this purpose, the 3D \u3c31 model was exploited in the design of 33 new \u3c31 ligands and in their ranking for receptor affinity by extensive molecular dynamics simulation-based free energy calculations. Also, the main interactions involved in receptor/ligand binding were analyzed by applying a per residue free energy deconvolution and in silico alanine scanning mutagenesis calculations. Subsequently, all compounds were synthesized in our laboratory and tested for \u3c31 binding activity in vitro. The agreement between in silico and in vitro results confirms the reliability of the proposed \u3c31 3D model in the a priori prediction of the affinity of new \u3c31 ligands. Moreover, it also supports and corroborates the currently available biochemical data concerning the \u3c31 protein residues considered essential for \u3c31 ligand binding and activity

Antimycobacterial activity of new N1-[1-[1-aryl-3-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl]-3-oxo]propyl]-pyridine-2-carboxamidrazone derivatives

N1-[1-[1-aryl-3-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl]-3-oxo]propyl]-pyridine-2-carboxamidrazone derivatives were design, synthesized and tested for their in vitro antimycobacterial activity. The new compounds showed a moderate antimycobacterial activity against the tested strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra and a significant antimycobacterial activity against several mycobacteria other than tuberculosis strains

Anterior chest wall involvement in early stages of spondyloarthritis: Advanced diagnostic tools

OBJECTIVE: Anterior chest wall (ACW) involvement is difficult to evaluate in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). Bone scan is sensitive to ACW involvement, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detects early alterations in SpA. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of bone scans and MRI in assessing ACW in early SpA. METHODS: Out of 110 patients with early SpA attending the Outpatient Rheumatology Unit Clinic of Padua University from January 2008 to December 2010, the 40 complaining of pain and/or tenderness [60% with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), 12.5% with ankylosing spondylitis, and 27.5% with undifferentiated SpA] underwent bone scans and MRI. RESULTS: At clinical examination, sternocostoclavicular joints were involved in 87.5% on the right, 77.5% on the left, and 35% on the sternum. Bone scan was positive in 100% and MRI in 62.5% of these patients. Early MRI signs (bone edema, synovial hyperemia) were observed in 27.5%, swelling in 5%, capsular structure thickness in 37.5%, erosions in 15%, bone irregularities in 15%, osteoproductive processes in 12.5%, and osteophytes in 5%. A higher prevalence of Cw6, Cw7, B35, and B38 was found in 15%, 48%, 28%, and 12%, respectively, of the patients with PsA who had bone scans. CONCLUSION: Noted mainly in women, ACW involvement was frequent in early SpA. Both bone scans and MRI are useful in investigating ACW inflammation. Bone scans were found to have high sensitivity in revealing subclinical involvement, but a low specificity. MRI provides useful information for therapeutic decision making because it reveals the type and extent of the process. The significant associations of HLA-Cw6 and Cw7 with PsA could suggest that genetic factors influence ACW involvement

Salivary glands abnormalities in oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum

BACKGROUND:Feeding and swallowing impairment are present in up to 80% of oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS) patients. Salivary gland abnormalities have been reported in OAVS patients but their rate, features, and relationship with phenotype severity have yet to be defined. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Parotid and submandibular salivary gland hypo/aplasia was evaluated on head MRI of 25 OAVS patients (16 with severe phenotype, Goldenhar syndrome) and 11 controls. RESULTS:All controls disclosed normal salivary glands. Abnormal parotid glands were found exclusively ipsilateral to facial microsomia in 21/25 OAVS patients (84%, aplasia in six patients) and showed no association with phenotype severity (14/16 patients with Goldenhar phenotype vs 7/9 patients with milder phenotype, p = 0.6). Submandibular salivary gland hypoplasia was detected in six OAVS patients, all with concomitant ipsilateral severe involvement of the parotid gland (p 0.6). CONCLUSIONS:Salivary gland abnormalities are strikingly common in OAVS. Their detection might help the management of OAVS-associated swallowing and feeding impairment

The submerged dyslexia iceberg: how many school children are not diagnosed? Results from an Italian study.

BACKGROUND: Although dyslexia is one of the most common neurobehavioral disorders affecting children, prevalence is uncertain and available data are scanty and dated. The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of dyslexia in an unselected school population using clearly defined and rigorous diagnostic criteria and methods. METHODS: Cross sectional study. We selected a random cluster sample of 94 fourth grade elementary school classes of Friuli Venezia Giulia, a Region of North Eastern Italy. We carried out three consecutive levels of screening: the first two at school and the last at the Neuropsychiatry Unit of a third level Mother and Child Hospital. The main outcome measure was the prevalence of dyslexia, defined as the number of children positive to the third level of screening divided by the total number of children enrolled. RESULTS: We recruited 1774 children aged 8-10 years, of which 1528 received parents' consent to participate. After applying exclusion criteria, 1357 pupils constituted the final working sample. The prevalence of dyslexia in the enrolled population ranged from 3.1% (95% CI 2.2-4.1%) to 3.2% (95% CI 2.4-4.3%) depending on different criteria adopted. In two out of three children with dyslexia the disorder had not been previously diagnosed. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that dyslexia is largely underestimated in Italy and underlines the need for reliable information on prevalence, in order to better allocate resources both to Health Services and Schools