Modelling the multi-scalar effect of commuting on exposure to diversity

Urban systems are primarily relational. The uneven intensities and distribution of flows between systems of cities results in hierarchically organised complex networks of urban exchange. Distinct urban spatial structures reflect the diversity of functional and social patterns which vary or remain constant across multiple scales. In this work, we examine the impact of commuting on the potential accessibility to spatial and social diversity, and the scalar relations that may exist. We first define relational scales by conducting a process of percolation on the commuting network, as a hierarchical clustering algorithm. This gives rise to a nested structure of urban clusters based on flow connectivity. For each cluster at each scale, we compute measures of commuting structural and social diversity by examining the spatial distribution of origin-destination pairs, and the distribution of workers' skills and occupations. To do this, we make use of global entropy measures allowing us to quantitatively analyse the reachable diversity across scales. Applying this methodology to Chile, we observe that the hierarchical accessibility to the wider system of cities and the patterns of spatial interaction, significantly influence the degree of exposure to diversity within urban systems. This framework examines connectivity-based diversity at multiple scales, and allows for the classification of cities and systems of cities according to the spatial and social dimensions of commuting dispersion. Such insights could contribute to the planning of infrastructural projects connecting the urban system at different scales, while also guiding a strategic relocation and redistribution of economic activities at regional levels

Uncovering structural diversity in commuting networks: global and local entropy

In this paper we revisit the concept of mobility entropy. Over time, the structure of spatial interactions among urban centres tends to become more complex and evolves from centralised models to more scattered origin and destination patterns. Entropy measures can be used to explore this complexity, and to quantify the degree of structural diversity of in- and out-flows at different scales and across the system. We use toy models of commuting networks to examine global and local measures, allowing the comparison to occur between different parts of the system. We show that entropy at the link and node level give different insights on the characteristics of the systems, enabling us to identify employment hubs and interdependencies between and within different parts of the system. We compute the measures in the commuting networks of the Northern Powerhouse and Greater South East regions in the UK to examine their relevance when studying real systems of cities. Finally we discuss how these can be used to inform planning and policy decisions oriented towards decentralisation and resilience

Integrated Environmental Study for Beach Management: A Methodological Approach

This paper aims to present a project convened by the University of Genoa and Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM), in collaboration with Local Authorities, concerning the development of tools for beach management in the Riviera del Beigua (Liguria Region, Italy). The aim of the first step of the project is to assess the environmental state of resort beaches examining them interdisciplinary, through a data analysis based on a sound understanding of the components of the physical and the human system. The following step will be the treatment of the data, through the use of various instruments, which use a synthesis analysis, such as the traditional SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis, and the use of a set of environmental and socio-economic indicators. Finally, our ultimate target is to propose guidelines, which will supply an instrument to back up policies concerning beach planning and management.Costal management, Sustainable tourist, Integrated assessment, Indicators

Construcción de un software CRM para instituciones de educación superior siguiendo el proceso AGILISO

La Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, mediante su búsqueda continua de la calidad ha implementado varios proyectos que persiguen el bienestar y satisfacción de la comunidad universitaria. Por lo que bien podría decirse que tiene un enfoque de orientación al cliente. No obstante, aunque existen varios sistemas de información que dan soporte a funciones administrativas y académicas, la universidad no cuenta con un sistema que le permita gestionar las relaciones con sus clientes actuales y potenciales. Esto genera que en algunas ocasiones lleguen a “contactar a los que no son y no contacten a los que son”. Partiendo de las necesidades de la Universidad Autónoma de Manizales y el análisis de las variables generales que aplican a todas las universidades desde el sistema SNIES, se desarrolló un prototipo de software CRM, que permita a instituciones de educación superior gestionar de manera eficiente las relaciones con sus clientes, mediante la centralización de su información, el seguimiento de interacciones, y la creación de campañas con perfiles segmentados. Todo esto siguiendo el proceso de desarrollo AGILISO.Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, in its continuous search for quality, has implemented several projects that pursue the welfare and satisfaction of the university community. Thus, it is fair to say that it has a customer-oriented approach. However, although several information systems support administrative and academic functions, there is no system for managing relationships with current and potential clients. On some occasions, this leads to "contacting those who need no contacting, and not contacting those who do." Based on the information needs of the institution and the analysis of the variables recorded by the National Information System for Higher Education (SNIES) for all universities, we developed a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system prototype. The system allows higher education institutions to efficiently manage customer relations, by centralizing information, monitoring customer interactions, and creating campaigns with segmented profiles. The system was developed following the AGILISO development process

Centro de rehabilitación para la mujer

El Centro de Rehabilitación para La Mujer tiene como propósito evidenciar una alternativa de cómo desde la arquitectura como disciplina se puede llegar a desarrollar un nuevo modelo espacial de centro de reclusión carcelario para mujeres que se adapte a las necesidades de la actualidad. Para esto, se tiene en cuenta la situación actual de los centros carcelarios existentes, el análisis por medio de un conjunto de imágenes y esquemas de las características con las que debería contar un modelo carcelario adaptado a las dinámicas del siglo XXI, digno para sus reclusas, respetando sus derechos y promoviendo su rehabilitación y posterior resocialización.The purpose of the Rehabilitation Center for Women is to demonstrate an alternative of how architecture as a discipline can be developed to create a new spatial model of prison for women that adapts to the needs of today. For this, the current situation of the existing prison centers is taken into account, the analysis by means of a set of images and schemes of the characteristics with which a prison model adapted to the dynamics of the 21st century, deserving for its prisoners, respecting their rights and promoting their rehabilitation and subsequent re-socialization.Arquitecto (a)Pregrad

Interventions maintaining eating Independence in nursing home residents: a multicentre qualitative study

BACKGROUND: Despite 32 years of research and 13 reviews published in the field, no intervention can be considered a gold standard for maintaining eating performance among residents with dementia. The study aim was to highlight the interventions derived from tacit knowledge and offered daily in assisting eating by healthcare professionals (HCPs) in nursing homes (NHs). METHOD: A multicentre descriptive qualitative study was performed in 2017. Thirteen NHs admitting residents with moderate/severe functional dependence in eating mainly due to dementia, were approached. A purposeful sample of 54 HCPs involved on a daily basis in assisting residents during mealtime were interviewed in 13 focus groups. Data analysis was conducted via qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: The promotion and maintenance of eating performance for as long as possible is ensured by a set of interventions targeting three levels: (a) environmental, by 'Ritualising the mealtime experience by creating a controlled stimulated environment'; (b) social, by 'Structuring effective mealtime social interactions'; and (c) individual, by 'Individualising eating care' for each resident. CONCLUSIONS: In NHs, the eating decline is juxtaposed with complex interventions regulated on a daily basis and targeting the environment, the social interactions, and the residents' needs. Several interventions that emerged as effective, according to the experience of participants, have never been documented before; while others are in contrast to the evidence documented. This suggests the need for further studies in the field; as no conclusions regarding the best interventions have been established to date

Geoheritage values and environmental issues of derelict mines: examples from the sulfide mines of Gromolo and Petronio Valleys (Eastern Liguria, Italy)

Derelict mining districts represent anthropogenically influenced landscapes that are often characterized by important geological, ecological, environmental, industrial, cultural, and archeological values. Nevertheless, after mining activities cease, several environmental problems are left behind, associated with soil and water pollution, hydrogeological instability, subsidence, ecosystem damages, and landscape degradation or devastation. In this article we present a case study focused on a sulfide mining district (Petronio and Gromolo valleys, Genova) located on the ophiolitic sequences of the Northern Apennines (Eastern Liguria, Italy), with the aim of applying a GIS (Geographic Information System)-based model for the complete census of derelict mines and for the assessment of their geoheritage and geotourist values, potential risks, and environmental impact. All information has been integrated to produce a multicriteria approach for the evaluation of hazards and/or critical issues and geoheritage values. Based on the results obtained in this pilot area, an integrated cultural and touristic route has been proposed, which combines several points of interest (POIs) chosen within an area of about 8 km2

BUILD UP TEST ANALYSIS OF THE HORIZONTAL WELL

Analiza testa porasta tlaka za horizontalnu bušotinu temelji se na poznavanju protjecanja fluida u ležištu, koje je matematički opisano jednadžbom difuzije trodimenzionalnog protoka i njenim rješenjima. Prema modelu horizontalne bušotine u neograničenom ležištu za slučaj neustaljenog protoka mogu se pojaviti četiri režima protjecanja: rani radijalni protok, rani linearni, kasni pseudoradijalni i kasni linearni protok. Za svaki od navedenih protoka postoje odgovarajuća rješenja jednadžbe difuzije, koja se primjenjuju u analizi testa porasta tlaka, uz glavnu pretpostavku da je bušotina potpuno horizontalna i smještena u potpuno horizontalnom, homogenom ležištu, jednake debljine. Osim toga, ležište se uzima kao izotropno u horizontalnoj ravnini, ali da postoji vertikalna anizotropija, tj. da je vertikalna propusnost različita od horizontalne. Primjer analize testa porasta tlaka u računalnom programu Saphir prikazan je za horizontalnu bušotinu na plinskom ležištu Okoli. U analizi su korišteni podaci ispitivanja kao temelj za postavljanje odgovarajućeg modela bušotine. Primjena mjerenih podataka u modeliranju bušotine značajna je zbog točnosti i pouzdanosti, koju takvi modeli mogu dati u određivanju ključnih podataka za prognoziranje budućih promjena proizvodnog sustava, kao što su propusnost, skin faktor, početni ležišni tlak i sl.Build up test analysis for the horizontal well is based upon the theory of fluid flow in the reservoir, which is mathematically described by the diffusivity equation of the three dimensional flow and its solutions. According to the horizontal well model in the infinite reservoir for the case of the unsteady flow, four regimes can be developed: early radial flow, early linear, late pseudo-radial and late linear flow. Solutions of the diffusivity equation, that are used in the build up test analysis, are developed for each of the flow regime, supposing that the well is totally horizontal and placed in the totally homogeneous reservoir with equal formation thickness. In addition, it is considered that the reservoir is isotropic in the horizontal plane, but with the vertical anisotropy, meaning that the vertical permeability differs from the horizontal. Example of the build up test analysis in the computer program Saphir is shown for the horizontal well at the gas field Okoli. Well test data are used in the analysis as the basis for the corresponding well model design. Test data application in the well modelling is significant due to the accuracy that those models can obtain in the determination of the key parameters of the production system forecasting, such as permeability, skin factor, initial reservoir pressure etc

Klinički i laboratorijski nalazi te ishod liječenja pasa sa spontanim hiperadrenokorticizmom u Hrvatskoj.

Hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in dogs, and establishing a diagnosis requires extensive diagnostics. In this study, 54 dogs with spontaneous hyperadrenocorticism were included, and were divided in two groups: the treated group which consisted of 35 dogs (trilostane therapy 32, adrenalectomy 3) and the non-treated group, which consisted of 19 dogs. According to the Kaplan-Meyer survival curve, the mean survival time of the whole population was 29.6 months, where the untreated patients’ mean survival time was 12.7 months, and in patients with therapeutic intervention it was 34.7 months. In the multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, no single clinical or laboratory parameter was found to significantly influence the outcome. The significance of this research is in its contribution to understanding the natural course of spontaneous canine hyperadrenocorticism.Hiperadrenokorticizam jedna je od najčešćih endokrinoloških bolesti koja zahtijeva opsežnu dijagnostiku za postavljanje konačne dijagnoze. U ovo su istraživanje bila uključena 54 psa različitih pasmina koji su bili podijeljeni u dvije skupine: liječeni pacijenti (trilostan 32 i adrenalektomija 3) u kojoj se nalazilo 35 pasa i skupinu bez terapije, u kojoj se nalazilo 19 pasa. Prosječno vrijeme preživljavanja prema Kaplan-Meyer krivulji bilo je 29,6 mjeseci, pri čemu je pacijentima iz netretirane skupine aritmetička sredina bila 12,7 mjeseci, a u pacijenata u kojih se terapijski interveniralo 34,7 mjeseci. Multivarijantnom Cox regresijskom analizom nije ustanovljen niti jedan klinički ili laboratorijski pokazatelj koji bi značajno utjecao na ishod bolesti. Doprinos je ovog istraživanja u postizanju boljeg uvida u prirodni tijek bolesti pacijenata sa spontanim hiperadrenokorticizmom