Discutindo a educação ambiental no cotidiano escolar: desenvolvimento de projetos na escola formação inicial e continuada de professores

A presente pesquisa buscou discutir como a Educação Ambiental (EA) vem sendo trabalhada, no Ensino Fundamental e como os docentes desta escola compreendem e vem inserindo a EA no cotidiano escolar., em uma escola estadual do município de Tangará da Serra/MT, Brasil. Para tanto, realizou-se entrevistas com os professores que fazem parte de um projeto interdisciplinar de EA na escola pesquisada. Verificou-se que o projeto da escola não vem conseguindo alcançar os objetivos propostos por: desconhecimento do mesmo, pelos professores; formação deficiente dos professores, não entendimento da EA como processo de ensino-aprendizagem, falta de recursos didáticos, planejamento inadequado das atividades. A partir dessa constatação, procurou-se debater a impossibilidade de tratar do tema fora do trabalho interdisciplinar, bem como, e principalmente, a importância de um estudo mais aprofundado de EA, vinculando teoria e prática, tanto na formação docente, como em projetos escolares, a fim de fugir do tradicional vínculo “EA e ecologia, lixo e horta”.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Measurement of the form factors of charged kaon semileptonic decays

International audienceA measurement of the form factors of charged kaon semileptonic decays is presented, based on 4.4 × 10$^{6}$K$^{±}$ → π$^{0}$e$^{±}$ν$_{e}$ (K$_{e3}^{±}$ ) and 2.3 × 10$^{6}$K$^{±}$ → π$^{0}$μ±ν$_{μ}$ (K$_{μ3}^{±}$ ) decays collected in 2004 by the NA48/2 experiment. The results are obtained with improved precision as compared to earlier measurements. The combination of measurements in the K$_{e3}^{±}$ and K$_{μ3}^{±}$ modes is also presented

First observation and study of the K±→π0π0μ±νK^{\pm} \rightarrow \pi^{0} \pi^{0} \mu^{\pm} \nu decay

International audienceThe NA48/2 experiment at CERN reports the first observation of the K$^{±}$ → π$^{0}$π$^{0}$μ$^{±}$ν decay based on a sample of 2437 candidates with 15% background contamination collected in 2003–2004. The decay branching ratio in the kinematic region of the squared dilepton mass above 0.03 GeV$^{2}$/c$^{4}$ is measured to be (0.65 ± 0.03) × 10$^{−6}$. The extrapolation to the full kinematic space, using a specific model, is found to be (3.45 ± 0.16) × 10$^{−6}$, in agreement with chiral perturbation theory predictions

First observation and study of the K±→π0π0μ±νK^{\pm} \rightarrow \pi^{0} \pi^{0} \mu^{\pm} \nu decay

The NA48/2 experiment at CERN reports the first observation of the $K^{\pm} \rightarrow \pi^{0} \pi^{0} \mu^{\pm} \nu$ decay based on a sample of 2437 candidates with 15% background contamination collected in 2003-2004. The decay branching ratio in the kinematic region of the squared dilepton mass above $0.03$~GeV$^2/c^4$ is measured to be $(0.65 \pm 0.03) \times 10^{-6}$. The extrapolation to the full kinematic space, using a specific model, is found to be $(3.45 \pm 0.17) \times 10^{-6}$, in agreement with chiral perturbation theory predictions

Measurement of the polarization of the Xi0 (anti-Xi0) hyperon beam by the NA48/1 experiment

A total of 368415 Xi(0) --> Lambda Xi(0) and 31 171 (Xi(0)) over bar --> (Lambda) over bar pi(0) were selected from data recorded in the NA48/1 experiment during 2002 data taking. From this sample, the polarization of Xi(0) and (Xi(0)) over bar hyperons was measured to be P(Xi 0) = -0.102 +/- 0.012(stat) +/- 0.008(syst) and P((Xi 0) over bar) = -0.01 +/- 0.04(stat) 0.008(syst). The dependence of P(Xi 0) on the Xi(0) transverse momentum with respect to the primary proton beam is also presented. With the same data sample. the ratio of (Xi(0)) over bar and Xi(0) fluxes in proton collisions at 400 GeV/c oil a beryllium target was measure

Determination of the relative decay rate KS -> πeν / KL -> πeν

The decay rate of K-S -> pi ev relative to the rate of K-L -> pi rev has been measured by the NA48 Collaboration in a neutral kaon beam originating from 400 GeV proton-Be interactions at the CERN SPS. The result is 0.993 +/- 0.026(stat) +/- 0.022(syst), compatible with I in agreement with the Standard Model prediction at tree level. It implies B R (K-S -> pi ev) = (7.05 +/- 0.18(stat) +/- 0.16(syst)) X 10(-4)

New high statistics measurement of K-e4 decay form factors and pi pi scattering phase shifts

We report results from a new measurement of the K-e4 decay K-+/- -> pi(+)pi(-)e(+/-)nu by the NA48/2 collaboration at the CERN SPS, based on a partial sample of more than 670 000 K-e4 decays in both charged modes collected in 2003. The form factors of the hadronic current (F,G,H) and pi pi phase difference (delta=delta(s)-delta(p)) have been measured in ten independent bins of the pi pi mass spectrum to investigate their variation. A sizeable acceptance at large pi pi mass, a low background and a very good resolution contribute to an improved experimental accuracy, a factor two better than in the previous measurement, when extracting the pi pi scattering lengths a(0) (0) and a(0) (2). Under the assumption of isospin symmetry and using numerical solutions of the Roy equations, the following values are obtained in the plane (a(0) (0),a(0) (2)): a(0) (0)=0.233 +/- 0.016(stat)+/- 0.007(syst),a(0) (2)=-0.0471 +/- 0.011(stat)+/- 0.004syst. The presence of potentially large isospin effects is also considered and will allow comparison with precise predictions from Chiral Perturbation Theory

Measurement of the charge ratio of atmospheric muons with the CMS detector

We present a measurement of the ratio of positive to negative muon fluxes from cosmic ray interactions in the atmosphere, using data collected by the CMS detector both at ground level and in the underground experimental cavern at the CERN LHC. Muons were detected in the momentum range from 5 GeV/ c to 1 TeV/ c . The surface flux ratio is measured to be 1.2766±0.0032(stat.)±0.0032(syst.) , independent of the muon momentum, below 100 GeV/ c . This is the most precise measurement to date. At higher momenta the data are consistent with an increase of the charge ratio, in agreement with cosmic ray shower models and compatible with previous measurements by deep-underground experiments.We present a measurement of the ratio of positive to negative muon fluxes from cosmic ray interactions in the atmosphere, using data collected by the CMS detector both at ground level and in the underground experimental cavern at the CERN LHC. Muons were detected in the momentum range from 5 GeV/c to 1 TeV/c. The surface flux ratio is measured to be 1.2766 \pm 0.0032(stat.) \pm 0.0032 (syst.), independent of the muon momentum, below 100 GeV/c. This is the most precise measurement to date. At higher momenta the data are consistent with an increase of the charge ratio, in agreement with cosmic ray shower models and compatible with previous measurements by deep-underground experiments

Transverse-momentum and pseudorapidity distributions of charged hadrons in pppp collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 7 TeV

Charged-hadron transverse-momentum and pseudorapidity distributions in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7$~TeV are measured with the inner tracking system of the CMS detector at the LHC. The charged-hadron yield is obtained by counting the number of reconstructed hits, hit-pairs, and fully reconstructed charged-particle tracks. The combination of the three methods gives a charged-particle multiplicity per unit of pseudorapidity \dnchdeta|_{|\eta| < 0.5} = 5.78\pm 0.01\stat\pm 0.23\syst for non-single-diffractive events, higher than predicted by commonly used models. The relative increase in charged-particle multiplicity from $\sqrt{s} = 0.9$ to 7~TeV is 66.1\%\pm 1.0\%\stat\pm 4.2\%\syst. The mean transverse momentum is measured to be 0.545\pm 0.005\stat\pm 0.015\syst\GeVc. The results are compared with similar measurements at lower energies.Charged-hadron transverse-momentum and pseudorapidity distributions in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV are measured with the inner tracking system of the CMS detector at the LHC. The charged-hadron yield is obtained by counting the number of reconstructed hits, hit-pairs, and fully reconstructed charged-particle tracks. The combination of the three methods gives a charged-particle multiplicity per unit of pseudorapidity, dN(charged)/d(eta), for |eta| < 0.5, of 5.78 +/- 0.01 (stat) +/- 0.23 (syst) for non-single-diffractive events, higher than predicted by commonly used models. The relative increase in charged-particle multiplicity from sqrt(s) = 0.9 to 7 TeV is 66.1% +/- 1.0% (stat) +/- 4.2% (syst). The mean transverse momentum is measured to be 0.545 +/- 0.005 (stat) +/- 0.015 (syst) GeV/c. The results are compared with similar measurements at lower energies