Factores implicados en la regulación del desarrollo de las vías del dolor.

En el presente trabajo de tesis doctoral hemos querido investigar aspectos de la regulación de las neuronas sensoriales periféricas que participan en la detección del dolor y, para ello, hemos estudiado la contribución de la neurotrofina BDNF y de la metaloproteasa MT-5 al desarrollo y mantenimiento de esta población sensorial de indudable inetrés biomédico. Los aspectos más destacables de los hallazgos pueden resumirse en: 1) hemos identificado por primera vez la dependencia trófica postnatal de neuronas nociceptivas de la neurotrofina BDNF, 2) la implicación de una metaloproteasa en la fisiología del dolor a través de acciones específicas en el crecimiento de las fibras nociceptivas y en su interacción con mastocitos de la piel. Ambos resultados son novedosos y contribuyen a una mejor comprensión de la percepción del dolor a nivel periférico

La extensión universitaria en la formación de estudiantes de ciencias médicas. University extension in the training of medical students

Los centros de educación superior han trabajado en función de promover la cultura y fundamentalmente la cultura médica que es la que crea y preserva la Universidad Médica. Por ello se exponen las experiencias de 6 años de trabajo en los centros de Ciencias Médicas en las actividades relacionadas con la Extensión Universitaria. Se destaca la importancia de la participación de estudiantes, profesores y trabajadores, no solo en la institución sino también en todas las áreas docentes asistenciales tanto en las especialidades de Medicina como en Licenciatura en Enfermería. En cuyo trabajo se precisan las vías, teniendo en cuenta la participación de comités horizontales, para una correcta planeación de las acciones de extensión así como la importancia de las mismas en relación con la formación multifacética de futuro egresado en ambas especialidades. Se señalan los aspectos sobre los cuales se debe seguir trabajando para alcanzar mejores resultados. Se enfatiza la importancia del proyecto educativo. DeCS: EXTENSIÓN UNIVERSITARIA, PERFIL DEL EGRESADO, COMITÉ HORIZONTAL ABSTRACT High Education Centers have worked in order to promote culture, mainly medical culture, the one that creates and preserves Medical University. Experiences related to the Department of Extracurricular Activities were recorded during 6 years of work in Medical Sciences Institutions. Participations of students, professors, workers were not only in the institutions but also in all teaching activities and in tasks developed in medical and nursing specialties are remarked. Ways of planning the actions of extracurricular activities are established taking into account the performance of the year committees, as well as its significance in all_round education of the future doctors and nurses. Aspects related to the aim of obtaining a better work are pointed out, and pertinence of Educative Project is emphasized. DeCS: DEPARTMENT OF EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES, GRADUATE PROFILE, YEAR COMMITTEES

La extensión universitaria en la formación de estudiantes de ciencias médicas. University extension in the training of medical students

Los centros de educación superior han trabajado en función de promover la cultura y fundamentalmente la cultura médica que es la que crea y preserva la Universidad Médica. Por ello se exponen las experiencias de 6 años de trabajo en los centros de Ciencias Médicas en las actividades relacionadas con la Extensión Universitaria. Se destaca la importancia de la participación de estudiantes, profesores y trabajadores, no solo en la institución sino también en todas las áreas docentes asistenciales tanto en las especialidades de Medicina como en Licenciatura en Enfermería. En cuyo trabajo se precisan las vías, teniendo en cuenta la participación de comités horizontales, para una correcta planeación de las acciones de extensión así como la importancia de las mismas en relación con la formación multifacética de futuro egresado en ambas especialidades. Se señalan los aspectos sobre los cuales se debe seguir trabajando para alcanzar mejores resultados. Se enfatiza la importancia del proyecto educativo. DeCS: EXTENSIÓN UNIVERSITARIA, PERFIL DEL EGRESADO, COMITÉ HORIZONTAL ABSTRACT High Education Centers have worked in order to promote culture, mainly medical culture, the one that creates and preserves Medical University. Experiences related to the Department of Extracurricular Activities were recorded during 6 years of work in Medical Sciences Institutions. Participations of students, professors, workers were not only in the institutions but also in all teaching activities and in tasks developed in medical and nursing specialties are remarked. Ways of planning the actions of extracurricular activities are established taking into account the performance of the year committees, as well as its significance in all_round education of the future doctors and nurses. Aspects related to the aim of obtaining a better work are pointed out, and pertinence of Educative Project is emphasized. DeCS: DEPARTMENT OF EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES, GRADUATE PROFILE, YEAR COMMITTEES

Selective Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Production in Adult Dopaminergic Carotid Body Cells In Situ and after Intrastriatal Transplantation

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) exerts a notable protective effect on dopaminergic neurons in rodent and primate models of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The clinical applicability of this therapy is, however, hampered by the need of a durable and stable GDNF source allowing the safe and continuous delivery of the trophic factor into the brain parenchyma. Intrastriatal carotid body (CB) autografting is a neuroprotective therapy potentially useful in PD. It induces long-term recovery of parkinsonian animals through a trophic effect on nigrostriatal neurons and causes amelioration of symptoms insomePDpatients. Moreover, the adult rodentCBhas been shown to express GDNF. Here we show, using heterozygous GDNF/lacZ knock-out mice, that unexpectedly CB dopaminergic glomus, or type I, cells are the source of CB GDNF. Among the neural or paraneural cells tested, glomus cells are those that synthesize and release the highest amount ofGDNFin the adult rodent (as measured by standard and in situ ELISA). Furthermore,GDNFexpression by glomus cells is maintained after intrastriatal grafting and in CB of aged and parkinsonian 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-treated animals. Thus, glomus cells appear to be prototypical abundant sources of GDNF, ideally suited to be used as biological pumps for the endogenous delivery of trophic factors in PD and other neurodegenerative diseases

New records of urban cockroaches in Torreon, Coahuila, Mexico (Insecta: Blattodea)

We conducted a study to determinate the richness of cockroaches in the urban area of Torreon, Coahuila, Mexico. Six species were recorded, which result new regional records. Interspecific relationships of these species are also documented

Obesity and asthma: an association modified by age

[Abstract] Background. Some studies indicate some causal relationship between obesity and asthma, while others show inconsistent results. Our objective was to evaluate the prevalence of asthma according to obesity in children. Methods. A cross-sectional study, following the ISAAC study methodology, was conducted on two randomly selected groups consisting of 6–7 year-old children (n = 7485) and 13–14 year-old adolescents (n = 8496). The asthma symptoms and potential risk factors were determined from the questionnaire. Overweight and obesity were defined based on the body mass index. Multiple logistic regression was used to obtain adjusted prevalence odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals. Results. Obesity was associated with an increase in wheezing ever (OR: 1.35) and exercise-induced asthma (OR: 1.62) in the 6–7 year-old group. No significant relationship was observed in the adolescent population. Conclusion. Obesity was associated with a higher prevalence of asthma in young children, but not in adolescents

Telemedicine, Psychology and Diabetes: Evaluation of results and cost analysis

The Psychosocial Aspects of Diabetes (PSAD) Study Group is an official Study Group of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD).AIMS: Evidences of benefits of telemedicine in T1DM patients on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) treatment are limited. Aims: 1) to analyse the differences in clinical and psychological variables between subjects with T1DM on CSII treatment who were included in a Telecare (TC) program, and subjects with T1DM on CSII treatment who received Conventional care (CC); 2) Perform a cost analysis of the use of telemedicine in DM1 patients treated with CSII (TC versus CC). METHODS and PARTICIPANTS: Cross-over randomized clinical trial with duration of 18 months. 51 patients signed informed consent. Participants were randomly assigned to receive TC program or CC during 6 months, and after a 3 months wash-out period, patients changed to CC or to TC respectively. TC program included monthly visits using an Internet platform. CC comprised face-to-face visits every three months. Sociodemographic, clinical and psychological data was measured at the beginning and at the end of TC and CC. The direct and indirect costs were also measured. T Student was performed to assess differences between first and last visits in both groups (TC / CC). RESULTS: Patients with telemedicine at the end of treatment, have fewer hyperglycemia / week, less distress and greater adherence. Considering both direct and indirect costs, the cost per treatment (TC / CC) is similar. CONCLUSIONS: Telemedicine has significant implications for clinical and psychological variables and has the same cost (total) than the conventional treatment. Therefore, it can be a useful alternative for treatment of DM1 patients with CSII. However, studies with a larger sample size are needed.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Exposure to paracetamol and asthma symptoms

Multicenter study[Abstract] Background: Paracetamol is one of the factors that have been associated with the observed increase in asthma prevalence in the last few years. The influence of environmental or genetic factors in this disease may be different in some countries than in others. The purpose of this study was to analyse the relationship between the paracetamol consumption and asthma prevalence in our community. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on more than 20,000 children and adolescents in Galicia, Spain. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood methodology was used to collect the information on asthma symptoms in children, paracetamol consumption, body mass index (BMI), pets in the home, education level of the mother and parental asthma and smoking habits. The influence of paracetamol consumption on the prevalence of asthma symptoms was calculated using logistic regression, adjusted for the other parameters included in the study. Results: After adjusting for gender, BMI, having a cat or dog, maternal education, parental asthma and smoking, in 6- to 7-year-old children, the consumption of paracetamol during the first year of life is associated with asthma [odds ratio (OR) 2.04 (1.79-2.31) for wheezing at some time]. Paracetamol consumption in the previous year leads to a significant increase in the probability of wheezing at some time [OR 3.32 (2.51-4.41)] in young children and adolescents [OR 2.12 (1.68-2.67)]. Conclusions: Paracetamol consumption is associated with a significant increase in asthma symptoms. The effect is greater the more often the drug is taken

Cross‐sectional study about impact of parental smoking on rhinitis symptoms in children

[Abstract] Objective. Assess the prevalence of rhinitis and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) of children in our community and its relationship with symptoms of rhinitis Methods (design, setting, participants, main outcome measures). Cross‐sectional study using questionnaire on rhinitis of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, in children (6‐7 years) and adolescents (13‐14 years). Categories: “rhinitis ever”, “recent rhinitis”, “recent rhinoconjunctivitis”, “severe rhinoconjunctivitis”. Parental smoking: (i) neither parent smokes; (ii) only the mother smokes; (iii) only the father smokes; and (iv) both parents smoke. Odds ratio of the prevalence of symptoms of rhinitis according to ETS exposure was calculated using logistic regression. Results. 10 690 children and 10 730 adolescents. The prevalence of “rhinitis ever” in children: 29.4%, “recent rhinitis” 24%, “recent rhinoconjunctivitis” 11.5% and “severe rhinoconjunctivitis” 0.1%. In adolescents: 46.2%, 34.5%, 16.2% and 0.2%, respectively. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure in the home occurred in 51% of cases. Parental smoking was associated with a higher prevalence of forms of rhinitis in adolescents when only the mother was a smoker. In children when both parents were smokers. Conclusion. Rhinitis is highly prevalent in our community. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure is still very common. The relationship between ETS and rhinitis symptoms in children of this community is not as robust as that found for asthma

Impact of parental smoking on childhood asthma

[Abstract] Objective: To evaluate the exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) of the childhood population in this community and its relationship with asthma symptoms. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire on children and adolescents in this community. The symptoms "wheezing ever", "current asthma", "severe asthma", and "exercise-induced asthma" were defined by this questionnaire. Parental smoking was classified into four mutually exclusive categories: 1) no parent smokes; 2) only the mother smokes; 3) only the father smokes; and 4) both parents smoke. The odds ratio of the prevalence of asthma symptoms according to ETS exposure was calculated using logistic regression. Results: A total of 10,314 children and 10,453 adolescents were included. Over 51% of the children and adolescents were exposed to ETS at home. ETS is associated with a higher prevalence of asthma symptoms, particularly if the mother or both parents smoke. Conclusion: The prevalence of ETS is still high in this community, although there has been a decreasing tendency in the last 15 years. ETS is associated with higher prevalence of asthma