Figures du héros dans la représentation de la Seconde Guerre mondiale au Québec : redéfinitions et déplacements

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.[À l'origine dans / Was originally part of : Thèses et mémoires - FAS - Département de littérature comparée

Les conditions de travail et la protection sociale des travailleurs vulnérables : le cas des responsables d'un service de garde en milieu familial

Tableau d'honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales, 2011-2012"Cette étude a pour but de contribuer à l'analyse et à la compréhension de la situation d'emploi des travailleurs vulnérables ainsi qu'à ses implications sur l'accès aux protections sociales, et ce, à partir du cas des responsables d'un service de garde en milieu familial. Considérant que l'accès aux divers régimes de protection sociale passe par l'octroi du statut de salarié, elle vise à identifier les relations qui existent entre les critères juridiques de ce statut et la situation de travail réelle des RSG québécoises. Les résultats démontrent que ces femmes ne correspondent ni complètement à la définition de salarié, ni entièrement à celle du travailleur autonome et que ce sont ces difficultés à obtenir un statut d'emploi clairement défini qui contribuent à les maintenir dans une position de vulnérabilité. Cette recherche confirme que sur certains aspects les RSG s'apparentent davantage aux salariés, mais que la présence d'une marge d'autonomie réelle, quoique largement circonscrite, complexifie largement la qualification de ces travailleuses"

Croissance de Listeria monocytogenes et Staphylococcus aureus dans un fromage modèle Camembert réduit en NaCl ou partiellement substitué en KCl

Réduire le sodium dans les aliments transformés est une recommandation de Santé Canada. Or, le NaCl a un effet barrière reconnu sur la croissance des microorganismes. Des souches de L. monocytogenes et S. aureus ont été génotypées et étudiées selon leur tolérance au NaCl. Leur cinétique de croissance a été étudiée dans des caillés modèles Camembert soumis à différentes réductions en NaCl ou substitutions partielles par du KCl. La croissance de L. monocytogenes était légèrement supérieure à la surface de caillés réduits de 30 % de NaCl alors qu’au centre, l’utilisation du KCl permettait une diminution de sa croissance. Les conditions expérimentées ont permis la survie de S. aureus dans tous les caillés. Dans chacun des cas, il y a eu croissance inacceptable des pathogènes du point de vue de l’innocuité alimentaire : le risque relié à leur croissance dans un Camembert est donc peu influencé par les conditions salines

Association between recreational screen time and sleep quality among adolescents during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada

The study objective was to verify whether recreational screen time was associated with sleep quality among adolescents during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. Data collection took place in four high schools in the region of Chaudière-Appalaches (Quebec, Canada) from the end of April to mid-May 2021. Recreational screen time and sleep quality were measured using the French versions of validated questionnaires specifically designed for adolescents. A total of 258 adolescents (14–18 years; 66.3% girls) answered the online survey. Adolescent boys had a higher total mean recreational screen time (454.3 ± 197.5 vs. 300.5 ± 129.3 min/day, p < 0.0001) and a higher total mean sleep quality score (4.2 ± 0.9 vs. 3.9 ± 0.8, p = 0.0364) compared to girls. Recreational screen time (β = −0.0012, p = 0.0005) and frequency of concurrent screen use (sometimes: β = −0.3141, p = 0.0269; often: β = −0.4147, p = 0.0048; almost always or always: β = −0.6155, p = 0.0002) were negatively associated with sleep quality while being a boy (β = 0.4276, p = 0.0004) was positively associated with sleep quality and age (p = 0.6321) was not. This model explained 16% of the variance in adolescents’ sleep quality. Public health interventions during and after the COVID-19 pandemic should target recreational screen time, concurrent screen use and especially girls to possibly improve sleep quality and promote adolescents’ physical and mental health

Psychosocial correlates of recreational screen time among adolescents

The study objective was to identify the psychosocial correlates of recreational screen time among adolescents. Data collection took place in four high schools from the Chaudière-Appalaches region (Quebec, Canada) from late April to mid-May 2021. A total of 258 French-speaking adolescents (69.8% between 15 and 16 years and 66.3% girls) answered an online questionnaire based on the Reasoned Action Approach. Recreational screen time was measured using the French version of a validated questionnaire. Adolescents reported a mean of 5 h and 52 min/day of recreational screen time. Recreational screen time was associated with being a boy (β = 0.33; p < 0.0001) and intention to limit recreational screen time to a maximum of 2 h/day (β = −0.15; p = 0.0001); this model explained 30% of the variance in behavior. Intention to limit recreational screen time to a maximum of 2 h/day in the next month was associated with attitude (β = 0.49; p < 0.0001), self-identity (β = 0.33; p < 0.0001), being a boy (β = −0.21; p = 0.0109), perceived behavioral control (β = 0.18; p = 0.0016), and injunctive norm (β = 0.17; p < 0.0001); this model explained 70% of the variance in intention. This study identified avenues to design public health interventions aimed at lowering recreational screen time among this population

Response of littoral chironomid community and organic matter to late glacial lake level and environmental changes at Lago dell'Accesa (Tuscany, Italy).

International audienceThis study focuses on the response of lacustrine littoral chironomid communities to late glacial changes in limnological, environmental and climate conditions in the Mediterranean context. Late glacial chironomid (Diptera: Chironomidae) assemblages, organic petrography and geochemistry were analysed in a sediment core from the littoral zone of Lago dell'Accesa (Tuscany, Italy), where the lake-level fluctuations and the vegetation history have been previously reconstructed. Comparison of the chironomid stratigraphy to other proxies (pollen assemblages, organic petrography and geochemistry, lake-level) and regional climate reconstruction suggested the predominant influence of lake-level changes on the littoral chironomid fauna. The main lowering events that occurred during the Oldest and the Younger Dryas were followed by higher proportions of taxa typical of littoral habitats. A complementary study of organic matter suggested the indirect impact of lake-level on the chironomids through changes in humic status and habitat characteristics, such as the type of substrate and aquatic macrophyte development. Several chironomid taxa, such as Glyptotendipes, Microtendipes and Cricotopus type patens, were identified as possible indicators of low lake-level in the late glacial records. Nevertheless, this study suggested that parallel analyses of organic matter and chironomid assemblages may be needed to circumvent misinterpretation of littoral chironomid assemblage stratigraphy. There was a weak response of the chironomid assemblages to small lake-level lowerings that corresponded to the Older Dryas and Preboreal oscillations. A higher level of determination, e.g. to the species group level, may be necessary to increase the sensibility of the indicators to lake-level changes