Population genomics supports clona reproduction and multiple independent gains and losses of parasitic abilities in the most devastating nematode pest.

International audienc

Phylogenomics illuminates the backbone of the Myriapoda Tree of Life and reconciles morphological and molecular phylogenies

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Development language independence formation as a factor of professional training effectiveness

Introduction: orientation to the international cooperation in the context of carrying out missions on providing national and common security, integration of actions at struggle with terrorism transform requirements revealed to the military specialists professional training and determine the National Guard troops need for servicemen who know the international language and able to perform service and fighting missions up to the world standard. The potential of foreign language learning can implemented to the full extent and contributed greatly to the future military specialist personality development, if foreign language training is based on cadet’s foreign language formation. So cadet’s foreign language formation is the means to increase professional training effectiveness. It is the factor influencing  the future officer’s  readiness to integration to the international professional community.Materials and methods: study and survey of scientific literature, generalization of domestic and foreign experience on the theme, conversation with cadets and their direct commanders, overseeing the cadets’ independent work organization on foreign language learning permit to conclude the following. Cadets do not possess foreign language independence and demonstrate low capability to carry out their independent work. It is demonstrated in difficulties with their independent foreign language activities planning. Future officers are not able to set a goal, determine work stages, distribute time for their reasonable performing, choose means and ways, control. The purpose of methodic experiment is to detect and approve effective means of foreign language formation in the conditions of systematic and goal-oriented independent work organization.Results: as the result of conducted experiment a methods of foreign language formation is developed and approved. The methods developed in the course of studies are an algorithm of education that includes some structured blocks. They are the goal setting block, the theoretical block, the technological block and the assessment block.Discussion and Conclusions: in the course of methodical experiment positive effect of systematically organized independent work on future officers’ foreign language independence formation is approved. Quantitative indicators of foreign language independence formation, received in the course of the experiment, are approved in real qualitative changes demonstrated by cadets. Overseeing cadets at the education process and communication with them prove practical independence using that resulting in future officers’ capability to organize their independent work in the context of foreign language learning. Cadets employ formed foreign language independence at lessons and extracurricular classes. With the foundation on theoretical and practical development on cadet’s foreign language independence formation it is possible to revise the system of foreign language teaching and change it according to the social and governmental order

Sirt7-dependent inhibition of cell growth and proliferation might be instrumental to mediate tissue integrity during aging

Mammalian sirtuins, Sirt1-Sirt7, are recently discovered regulatory proteins, which play decisive roles in cellular metabolism, stress resistance, and proliferation. Sirtuins are homologs of the founder member of the sirtuin family, the yeast Sir2. Sir2 encodes a NAD(+)-dependent histone deacetylase and its overexpression extends the lifespan through silencing of specific chromatin regions. Lifespan extension by Sir2 homologs was also demonstrated in more complex species such as C. elegans and D. melanogaster. A longevity function has been also postulated for mammalian sirtuins, however definitive proof is still lacking. Here, we have investigated the role of the mouse Sirt7 in the control of cellular growth and proliferation. Using Sirt7 knockout and overexpressing cells we demonstrate an anti-proliferative role of Sirt7. We also show that Sirt7 expression inversely correlates with the tumorigenic potential of several murine cell lines. Considering the known role of Sirt7 as an activator of rDNA transcription we propose that Sirt7 may enable cells to sustain critical metabolic functions by inhibiting cell growth even under severe stress conditions. We conclude, that these Sirt7 functions may improve tissue integrity in aged animals

Digitalization as A Growth Factor of ˋˋSoft Power'' in the Context of Globalization

Digitalization as a new theoretical concept is actively used by researchers to evaluate economic, socio-political and other processes in a contemporary society. Digitalization, infiltrating the system of International relations, changes not only the principles of International communications, but also its tools. Peculiarities, risks, and prospects of digitalization in particular spheres and society as a whole, are actively explored in various branches of science, however, digitalization of economy, business processes, social institutions, society and humans remain priority issues. To analyze digitalization, academic science uses comparative and system analysis. In particular, to determine the tools that contribute to the growth of “soft power” in the digital society, secondary data analysis is used. In the context of digital transformation of the system of International relations, the scope and range of “soft power” tools are expanding. In addition, digitalization is adapting the tools of “soft power” to the modern system of International relations, so one of the important tools and factors in the growth of “soft power” becomes digital diplomacy. The authors of the article define “digital diplomacy” as a foreign policy instrument, which implies flexible forms of interaction between actors in International relations using new forms of mass communication and network technologies with the aim of influencing the world discourse on pressing issues, promoting national interests and producing an operational response to the latest information challenges. It has been established that the growth of the country's “soft power” correlates with the introduction of digitalization tools, however, soft digital influence can lead to negative consequences, namely the appearance and mass distribution of fake news, manipulation of the global agenda, and digital inequality, inter alia. The development of objective criteria and methods for distinguishing between legitimate and illegitimate digital instruments of “soft power” of a country is a further direction in the research of the phenomenon of “soft power” digitalization. Keywords: digitalization, globalization, “soft power”, digital society, digital diplomac