Environmental Protection in the People's Republic of China

Cílem této bakalářské práce je poskytnout ucelený přehled o ochraně životního prostředí v Čínské lidové republice. Práce je opatřena dvěma úvodními kapitolami, které představuje geografii Číny, její nejpalčivější ekologické problémy, přibližují základní pojmy a představují politické koncepce ochrany životního prostředí. Jádrem práce je pak přiblížení právního systému ČLR, představení nejdůležitějších zákonných kodexů, resp. jejich částí týkajících se ochrany životního prostředí a především pak poskytnutí přehledu nejdůležitějších norem práva životního prostředí. Závěrem práce je, že Čína začíná na poli ochrany životního prostředí jak v politických, tak právních dokumentech, přijímat komplexní opatření, avšak na hodnocení jejich efektivity, resp. efektivity jejich prosazování, je příliš brzy. KLÍČOVÁ SLOVA Čínská lidová republika 中华人民共和国 Zhonghua renmin gongheguo, životní prostředí 环境 huanjing, právo životního prostředí 环境保护法 huanjing baohu fa, udržitelný rozvoj 可持续发展 ke chixu fazhan, znečištění 污染 wuranThe purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the environmental protection in the People`s republic of China. My paper has two introductory chapters describing the geography of China, China's most pressing environmental problems and basic political concept of environmental protection. The empirical part of my thesis approaches the legal system of the PRC, introduces the most important legal codexes, particularly the section relevant for environment protection. This introduction is then followed by an overview of the most important laws of environmental legislature. The examination reveals that China is taking comprehensive measures in the field of environmental protection in both the political and legal documents, but it is too soon to evaluate the effectiveness of those measures, or rather the effectiveness of their enforcement. KEY WORDS People`s republic of China 中华人民共和国 Zhonghua renmin gongheguo, environment 环境 huanjing, environmental law 环境保护法 huanjing baohu fa, sustainable development 可持续发展 ke chixu fazhan, pollution 污染 wuranInstitute of East Asian StudiesÚstav Dálného východuFaculty of ArtsFilozofická fakult

Volumetric Properties and Stiffness Modulus of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures Made with Selected Quarry Fillers: Experimental Investigation and Machine Learning Prediction

In recent years, the attention of many researchers in the field of pavement engineering has focused on the search for alternative fillers that could replace Portland cement and traditional limestone in the production of asphalt mixtures. In addition, from a Czech perspective, there was the need to determine the quality of asphalt mixtures prepared with selected fillers provided by different local quarries and suppliers. This paper discusses an experimental investigation and a machine learning modeling carried out by a decision tree CatBoost approach, based on experimentally determined volumetric and mechanical properties of fine-grained asphalt concretes prepared with selected quarry fillers used as an alternative to traditional limestone and Portland cement. Air voids content and stiffness modulus at 15 °C were predicted on the basis of seven input variables, including bulk density, a categorical variable distinguishing the aggregates' quarry of origin, and five main filler-oxide contents determined by means of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. All mixtures were prepared by fixing the filler content at 10% by mass, with a bitumen content of 6% (PG 160/220), and with roughly the same grading curve. Model predictive performance was evaluated in terms of six different evaluation metrics with Pearson correlation and coefficient of determination always higher than 0.96 and 0.92, respectively. Based on the results obtained, this study could represent a forward feasibility study on the mathematical prediction of the asphalt mixtures' mechanical behavior on the basis of its filler mineralogical composition

Influence of Laboratory Long-Term Aging on Selected Fracture Parameters of Asphalt Mixtures

The paper presents the influence of laboratory aging simulation on fracture properties determined on 150 variants of asphalt mixtures. The fracture properties were determined by two different test approaches—semi-circular bending test (SCB test) and three-point bending test on beam specimens (3-PB test). The aging was simulated according to one of the methods defined in EN 12697-52 (storage of test specimens in chamber at temperature of 85 °C for 5 days). The evaluated group of variants covered asphalt mixtures for all road layers. The group was further divided according to used bituminous binder (unmodified vs. modified) and reclaimed asphalt content. The results showed that strength parameters (flexural strength and fracture toughness) increase with aging. It further shows that fracture work provides more complex information about the cracking behavior. For the aging indexes, it was found that for mixtures with modified binders and mixtures which did not contain reclaimed asphalt (RA), the values were higher. The aging indexes for fracture work showed different results for both performed tests

Environmental Protection in the People's Republic of China

The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the environmental protection in the People`s republic of China. My paper has two introductory chapters describing the geography of China, China's most pressing environmental problems and basic political concept of environmental protection. The empirical part of my thesis approaches the legal system of the PRC, introduces the most important legal codexes, particularly the section relevant for environment protection. This introduction is then followed by an overview of the most important laws of environmental legislature. The examination reveals that China is taking comprehensive measures in the field of environmental protection in both the political and legal documents, but it is too soon to evaluate the effectiveness of those measures, or rather the effectiveness of their enforcement. KEY WORDS People`s republic of China 中华人民共和国 Zhonghua renmin gongheguo, environment 环境 huanjing, environmental law 环境保护法 huanjing baohu fa, sustainable development 可持续发展 ke chixu fazhan, pollution 污染 wura

Organization of public administration in the People's Republic of China

6. SUMMARY The purpose of my thesis is to describe the administrative organization in the People's Republic of China. The reason for my research is the growing interest resulting need for its introduction to the public. The thesis is composed of five chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of Chinese administration. Chapter One is introductory and in its first subdivision it depicts the methodology used in the process of my research and also defines basic rules for translations of terminology used in the thesis. The second subdivision addresses the issue of literature and sources used in this thesis. Chapter Two introduces the geography, population and territorial divisions of China. The next chapter is subdivided into six parts. Part One specifies the Chinese legal culture, while the second part provides an overview of the legal development in the 20th century. Part Three investigates the legal and political system of nowadays China. Part Four depicts and explains the bodies of state power, while the next part introduces the Chinese Communist Party, which in fact is the main authority when discussing the state power in China and the most important decision-making body. The last part deals with the categorization of normative acts in China. Chapter Four concentrates on administrative..

Comparison of outdoor earthen plasters

katedra technologie stave

Hot Asphalt Mix Recycling

katedra silničních stave

Organization of public administration in the People's Republic of China

6. SUMMARY The purpose of my thesis is to describe the administrative organization in the People's Republic of China. The reason for my research is the growing interest resulting need for its introduction to the public. The thesis is composed of five chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of Chinese administration. Chapter One is introductory and in its first subdivision it depicts the methodology used in the process of my research and also defines basic rules for translations of terminology used in the thesis. The second subdivision addresses the issue of literature and sources used in this thesis. Chapter Two introduces the geography, population and territorial divisions of China. The next chapter is subdivided into six parts. Part One specifies the Chinese legal culture, while the second part provides an overview of the legal development in the 20th century. Part Three investigates the legal and political system of nowadays China. Part Four depicts and explains the bodies of state power, while the next part introduces the Chinese Communist Party, which in fact is the main authority when discussing the state power in China and the most important decision-making body. The last part deals with the categorization of normative acts in China. Chapter Four concentrates on administrative..

Evaluation of an Asphalt Mixture Containing a High Content of Reclaimed Asphalt and Different Crumb Rubber Modified Binders

Recently, environmental concerns have become a primary driving force in most countries and industries dealing with natural resources. As a part of this category, asphalt pavement industry is trying to implement more green and sustainable features in its products, while maintaining the mechanical and performance-based properties of the resulting asphalt mixtures. Among potential recycled materials, vehicle tires and aged asphalt pavement have been demonstrated to show economic, ecological, and behavioral improvements in the mixtures. However, mixtures with a high content of reclaimed asphalt (RA) and crumb rubber present some limitations. Therefore, using another group of additives, i.e., a warm mix asphalt (WMA) additive, has been considered. The presented paper investigates the use of an elevated content of RA with different crumb rubber modified binders and (in some mixtures) a warm mix additive in an asphalt concrete (AC) binder mix. Regular empirical tests have been conducted and more advanced performance or functional characteristics, i.e., stiffness, thermal induced cracking, resistance to permanent deformation, complex modulus have been determined and evaluated. Selected results are presented in the paper

Influence of Laboratory Long-Term Aging on Selected Fracture Parameters of Asphalt Mixtures

The paper presents the influence of laboratory aging simulation on fracture properties determined on 150 variants of asphalt mixtures. The fracture properties were determined by two different test approaches—semi-circular bending test (SCB test) and three-point bending test on beam specimens (3-PB test). The aging was simulated according to one of the methods defined in EN 12697-52 (storage of test specimens in chamber at temperature of 85 °C for 5 days). The evaluated group of variants covered asphalt mixtures for all road layers. The group was further divided according to used bituminous binder (unmodified vs. modified) and reclaimed asphalt content. The results showed that strength parameters (flexural strength and fracture toughness) increase with aging. It further shows that fracture work provides more complex information about the cracking behavior. For the aging indexes, it was found that for mixtures with modified binders and mixtures which did not contain reclaimed asphalt (RA), the values were higher. The aging indexes for fracture work showed different results for both performed tests