Características agronômicas do amendoinzeiro sob irrigação com águas salinas em solo com biofertilizantes.

Objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar o efeito da salinidade da água de irrigação nas características agronômicas do amendoinzeiro (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivado em solo sem e com biofertilizantes. O experimento foi conduzido em estufa telada na Estação Agrometereológica, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, CE. A semeadura foi feita em vasos utilizando-se, como substrato, um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo, com uma planta por vaso. O experimento obedeceu a um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 3, com cinco repetições. Os fatores referem-se aos valores de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação: 1,5; 3,0; 4,5 e 6,0 dS m-1 e sem e com biofertilizantes (sem biofertilizante -B0; com biofertilizante anaeróbico-B1; e com biofertilizante aeróbico - B2). Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: pH, condutividade elétrica do solo, crescimento inicial em número de folhas, altura de plantas, diâmetro do colmo, área foliar e matéria seca da parte aérea. O biofertilizante bovino diminuiu os efeitos negativos das concentrações crescentes de sais na água de irrigação nas variáveis estudadas. O nível salino do solo foi maior na presença do biofertilizante anaeróbico. O biofertilizante anaeróbico foi mais eficiente que o aeróbico na redução dos efeitos depressivos dos sais das águas de irrigação às plantas

Características agronômicas do amendoinzeiro sob irrigação com águas salinas em solo com biofertilizantes = Agronomics Characteristicsof Peanuts under irrigation with saline water on soil with biofertilizers.

Objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar o efeito da salinidade da água de irrigação nas características agronômicas do amendoinzeiro (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivado em solo sem e com biofertilizantes. O experimento foi conduzido em estufa telada na Estação Agrometereológica, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, CE. A semeadura foi feita em vasos utilizando-se, como substrato, um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo, com uma planta por vaso. O experimento obedeceu a um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 3, com cinco repetições. Os fatores referem-se aos valores de condutividadeelétrica da água de irrigação: 1,5; 3,0; 4,5 e 6,0 dS m-1 e sem e com biofertilizantes (sem biofertilizante -B0; com biofertilizanteanaeróbico-B1; e com biofertilizante aeróbico - B2). Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: pH, condutividade elétrica do solo, crescimento inicial em número de folhas, altura de plantas, diâmetro do colmo, área foliar e matéria seca da parte aérea. O biofertilizante bovino diminuiu os efeitos negativos das concentrações crescentes de sais na água de irrigação nas variáveis estudadas. O nível salino do solo foi maior na presença do biofertilizante anaeróbico. O biofertilizante anaeróbico foi mais eficiente que o aeróbico na redução dos efeitos depressivos dos sais das águas de irrigação às plantas.This study evaluated the effects of irrigation water salinity on agronomics characteristics of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), cultivated without and with biofertilizers. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in the Estação Agrometereológica, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, CE. The seeds were sown in pots using, as substrate, a Red-Yellow Argisol, with one plant per pot. The experiment followed a completely randomized design set as a 4 x 3 factorial, referring to four irrigation water electrical conductivity values: 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1 in three soil configurations: B0(without biofertilizer), B1 (with anaerobic biofertilizer) and B2 (with aerobic biofertilizer), with five repetitions. The following variables were evaluated: pH, soil electrical conductivity, initial growth in number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and dry shoot mass. The bovine biofertilizer reduced the negative effects of increasing saline concentration in irrigation water in the variables evaluated.The soil salinity level was higher in the presence of anaerobic biofertilizer. The anaerobic biofertilizer was more efficient thanaerobic biofertilizer in reducing the depressive effects (to plants) of irrigation water salts

Características agronômicas do amendoinzeiro sob irrigação com águas salinas em solo com biofertilizantes.

Objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar o efeito da salinidade da água de irrigação nas características agronômicas do amendoinzeiro (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivado em solo sem e com biofertilizantes. O experimento foi conduzido em estufa telada na Estação Agrometereológica, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, CE. A semeadura foi feita em vasos utilizando-se, como substrato, um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo, com uma planta por vaso. O experimento obedeceu a um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 3, com cinco repetições. Os fatores referem-se aos valores de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação: 1,5; 3,0; 4,5 e 6,0 dS m-1 e sem e com biofertilizantes (sem biofertilizante -B0; com biofertilizante anaeróbico-B1; e com biofertilizante aeróbico - B2). Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: pH, condutividade elétrica do solo, crescimento inicial em número de folhas, altura de plantas, diâmetro do colmo, área foliar e matéria seca da parte aérea. O biofertilizante bovino diminuiu os efeitos negativos das concentrações crescentes de sais na água de irrigação nas variáveis estudadas. O nível salino do solo foi maior na presença do biofertilizante anaeróbico. O biofertilizante anaeróbico foi mais eficiente que o aeróbico na redução dos efeitos depressivos dos sais das águas de irrigação às plantas

Extraprensa. Cultura e comunicação na América Latina (vol. 13 no. 1 jul-dic 2019)

A revista Extraprensa é um periódico destinado à publicação da produção científica nas áreas da cultura e da comunicação no Brasil e América Latina, abrangendo temas como a diversidade cultural, cidadania, expressões das culturas populares, artes, mídias alternativas, epistemologia e metodologia em cultura e comunicação

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospital-manifested COVID-19 among Brazilians

ABSTRACT: Objectives: To analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of admitted patients with the hospital- versus community-manifested COVID-19 and to evaluate the risk factors related to mortality in the first population. Methods: This retrospective cohort included consecutive adult patients with COVID-19, hospitalized between March and September 2020. The demographic data, clinical characteristics, and outcomes were extracted from medical records. Patients with hospital-manifested COVID-19 (study group) and those with community-manifested COVID-19 (control group) were matched by the propensity score model. Logistic regression models were used to verify the risk factors for mortality in the study group. Results: Among 7,710 hospitalized patients who had COVID-19, 7.2% developed symptoms while admitted for other reasons. Patients with hospital-manifested COVID-19 had a higher prevalence of cancer (19.2% vs 10.8%) and alcoholism (8.8% vs 2.8%) than patients with community-manifested COVID-19 and also had a higher rate of intensive care unit requirement (45.1% vs 35.2%), sepsis (23.8% vs 14.5%), and death (35.8% vs 22.5%) (P <0.05 for all). The factors independently associated with increased mortality in the study group were increasing age, male sex, number of comorbidities, and cancer. Conclusion: Hospital-manifested COVID-19 was associated with increased mortality. Increasing age, male sex, number of comorbidities, and cancer were independent predictors of mortality among those with hospital-manifested COVID-19 disease

Paediatric COVID-19 mortality: a database analysis of the impact of health resource disparity

Background The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on paediatric populations varied between high-income countries (HICs) versus low-income to middle-income countries (LMICs). We sought to investigate differences in paediatric clinical outcomes and identify factors contributing to disparity between countries.Methods The International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 database was queried to include children under 19 years of age admitted to hospital from January 2020 to April 2021 with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis. Univariate and multivariable analysis of contributing factors for mortality were assessed by country group (HICs vs LMICs) as defined by the World Bank criteria.Results A total of 12 860 children (3819 from 21 HICs and 9041 from 15 LMICs) participated in this study. Of these, 8961 were laboratory-confirmed and 3899 suspected COVID-19 cases. About 52% of LMICs children were black, and more than 40% were infants and adolescent. Overall in-hospital mortality rate (95% CI) was 3.3% [=(3.0% to 3.6%), higher in LMICs than HICs (4.0% (3.6% to 4.4%) and 1.7% (1.3% to 2.1%), respectively). There were significant differences between country income groups in intervention profile, with higher use of antibiotics, antivirals, corticosteroids, prone positioning, high flow nasal cannula, non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation in HICs. Out of the 439 mechanically ventilated children, mortality occurred in 106 (24.1%) subjects, which was higher in LMICs than HICs (89 (43.6%) vs 17 (7.2%) respectively). Pre-existing infectious comorbidities (tuberculosis and HIV) and some complications (bacterial pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome and myocarditis) were significantly higher in LMICs compared with HICs. On multivariable analysis, LMIC as country income group was associated with increased risk of mortality (adjusted HR 4.73 (3.16 to 7.10)).Conclusion Mortality and morbidities were higher in LMICs than HICs, and it may be attributable to differences in patient demographics, complications and access to supportive and treatment modalities

Respiratory support in patients with severe COVID-19 in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection (ISARIC) COVID-19 study: a prospective, multinational, observational study

Background: Up to 30% of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 require advanced respiratory support, including high-flow nasal cannulas (HFNC), non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV), or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, outcomes and risk factors for failing non-invasive respiratory support in patients treated with severe COVID-19 during the first two years of the pandemic in high-income countries (HICs) and low middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: This is a multinational, multicentre, prospective cohort study embedded in the ISARIC-WHO COVID-19 Clinical Characterisation Protocol. Patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who required hospital admission were recruited prospectively. Patients treated with HFNC, NIV, or IMV within the first 24 h of hospital admission were included in this study. Descriptive statistics, random forest, and logistic regression analyses were used to describe clinical characteristics and compare clinical outcomes among patients treated with the different types of advanced respiratory support. Results: A total of 66,565 patients were included in this study. Overall, 82.6% of patients were treated in HIC, and 40.6% were admitted to the hospital during the first pandemic wave. During the first 24 h after hospital admission, patients in HICs were more frequently treated with HFNC (48.0%), followed by NIV (38.6%) and IMV (13.4%). In contrast, patients admitted in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs) were less frequently treated with HFNC (16.1%) and the majority received IMV (59.1%). The failure rate of non-invasive respiratory support (i.e. HFNC or NIV) was 15.5%, of which 71.2% were from HIC and 28.8% from LMIC. The variables most strongly associated with non-invasive ventilation failure, defined as progression to IMV, were high leukocyte counts at hospital admission (OR [95%CI]; 5.86 [4.83-7.10]), treatment in an LMIC (OR [95%CI]; 2.04 [1.97-2.11]), and tachypnoea at hospital admission (OR [95%CI]; 1.16 [1.14-1.18]). Patients who failed HFNC/NIV had a higher 28-day fatality ratio (OR [95%CI]; 1.27 [1.25-1.30]). Conclusions: In the present international cohort, the most frequently used advanced respiratory support was the HFNC. However, IMV was used more often in LMIC. Higher leucocyte count, tachypnoea, and treatment in LMIC were risk factors for HFNC/NIV failure. HFNC/NIV failure was related to worse clinical outcomes, such as 28-day mortality. Trial registration This is a prospective observational study; therefore, no health care interventions were applied to participants, and trial registration is not applicable

Respiratory support in patients with severe COVID-19 in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection (ISARIC) COVID-19 study: a prospective, multinational, observational study

Background: Up to 30% of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 require advanced respiratory support, including high-flow nasal cannulas (HFNC), non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV), or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, outcomes and risk factors for failing non-invasive respiratory support in patients treated with severe COVID-19 during the first two years of the pandemic in high-income countries (HICs) and low middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: This is a multinational, multicentre, prospective cohort study embedded in the ISARIC-WHO COVID-19 Clinical Characterisation Protocol. Patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who required hospital admission were recruited prospectively. Patients treated with HFNC, NIV, or IMV within the first 24 h of hospital admission were included in this study. Descriptive statistics, random forest, and logistic regression analyses were used to describe clinical characteristics and compare clinical outcomes among patients treated with the different types of advanced respiratory support. Results: A total of 66,565 patients were included in this study. Overall, 82.6% of patients were treated in HIC, and 40.6% were admitted to the hospital during the first pandemic wave. During the first 24 h after hospital admission, patients in HICs were more frequently treated with HFNC (48.0%), followed by NIV (38.6%) and IMV (13.4%). In contrast, patients admitted in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs) were less frequently treated with HFNC (16.1%) and the majority received IMV (59.1%). The failure rate of non-invasive respiratory support (i.e. HFNC or NIV) was 15.5%, of which 71.2% were from HIC and 28.8% from LMIC. The variables most strongly associated with non-invasive ventilation failure, defined as progression to IMV, were high leukocyte counts at hospital admission (OR [95%CI]; 5.86 [4.83–7.10]), treatment in an LMIC (OR [95%CI]; 2.04 [1.97–2.11]), and tachypnoea at hospital admission (OR [95%CI]; 1.16 [1.14–1.18]). Patients who failed HFNC/NIV had a higher 28-day fatality ratio (OR [95%CI]; 1.27 [1.25–1.30]). Conclusions: In the present international cohort, the most frequently used advanced respiratory support was the HFNC. However, IMV was used more often in LMIC. Higher leucocyte count, tachypnoea, and treatment in LMIC were risk factors for HFNC/NIV failure. HFNC/NIV failure was related to worse clinical outcomes, such as 28-day mortality. Trial registration This is a prospective observational study; therefore, no health care interventions were applied to participants, and trial registration is not applicable

Thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications of COVID-19 in adults hospitalized in high-income countries compared with those in adults hospitalized in low- and middle-income countries in an international registry

Background: COVID-19 has been associated with a broad range of thromboembolic, ischemic, and hemorrhagic complications (coagulopathy complications). Most studies have focused on patients with severe disease from high-income countries (HICs). Objectives: The main aims were to compare the frequency of coagulopathy complications in developing countries (low- and middle-income countries [LMICs]) with those in HICs, delineate the frequency across a range of treatment levels, and determine associations with in-hospital mortality. Methods: Adult patients enrolled in an observational, multinational registry, the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections COVID-19 study, between January 1, 2020, and September 15, 2021, met inclusion criteria, including admission to a hospital for laboratory-confirmed, acute COVID-19 and data on complications and survival. The advanced-treatment cohort received care, such as admission to the intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation, or inotropes or vasopressors; the basic-treatment cohort did not receive any of these interventions. Results: The study population included 495,682 patients from 52 countries, with 63% from LMICs and 85% in the basic treatment cohort. The frequency of coagulopathy complications was higher in HICs (0.76%-3.4%) than in LMICs (0.09%-1.22%). Complications were more frequent in the advanced-treatment cohort than in the basic-treatment cohort. Coagulopathy complications were associated with increased in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.52-1.64). The increased mortality associated with these complications was higher in LMICs (58.5%) than in HICs (35.4%). After controlling for coagulopathy complications, treatment intensity, and multiple other factors, the mortality was higher among patients in LMICs than among patients in HICs (odds ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.39-1.51). Conclusion: In a large, international registry of patients hospitalized for COVID-19, coagulopathy complications were more frequent in HICs than in LMICs (developing countries). Increased mortality associated with coagulopathy complications was of a greater magnitude among patients in LMICs. Additional research is needed regarding timely diagnosis of and intervention for coagulation derangements associated with COVID-19, particularly for limited-resource settings