14 research outputs found

    Vacuum instability in external fields

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    We study particles creation in arbitrary space-time dimensions by external electric fields, in particular, by fields, which are acting for a finite time. The time and dimensional analysis of the vacuum instability is presented. It is shown that the distributions of particles created by quasiconstant electric fields can be written in a form which has a thermal character and seems to be universal. Its application, for example, to the particles creation in external constant gravitational field reproduces the Hawking temperature exactly.Comment: 36 pages, LaTe

    Observation of a new boson at a mass of 125 GeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC

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    Crystalline fibrillar gel formation in aqueous surfactant-antioxidant system

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    Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) is a well-known cationic surfactant capable to micellize into diverse morphologies in aqueous medium. We observed the formation of an opaque gel state from aqueous CTAB solution in the presence of the aromatic additive, para-coumaric acid (PCA). Optical microscopic images revealed the presence of large fibrils in the system at room temperature. Gel nature of the fibrils was confirmed by rheological measurements. Presence of interstitial water in the fibrils was recognized with Raman spectroscopy. On heating the sample above 30 ° C, the fibrillar gel state changes to a transparent liquid state with Newtonian flow properties. Dynamic light scattering study hinted the presence of small micelles in the solution above 30 ° C. Thus the system showed a temperature-dependent structural transition from opaque water-swollen gel to transparent micellar liquid. The formation of water-swollen fibrillar network is attributed to surfactant-additive intermolecular interactions in aqueous medium. Transition to micelle phase above 30 ° C is related to Kraft transition which is observed at significantly lower temperature for CTAB in the absence of PCA. The structural features of PCA play a key role in promoting fibrillar network formation and elevating the Kraft transition in aqueous solution of CTAB

    New bio- and magnetostratigraphic data on Campanian‒Maastrichtian deposits of the classical Nizhnyaya Bannovka section (Volga river right bank, southern Saratov region)

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    Characteristic Times in One-Dimensional Scattering

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