Initiation of Polarized State in the Tantalum Oxide Thin Films Grown by Magnetron Sputtering on a Substrate of Monocrystalline Silicon (100) Followed by Argon and Oxygen Ions

The pictures of the induced state and the surface potential distribution in thin films of tantalum oxide produced by magnetron sputtering onto a substrate of monocrystalline silicon (100) followed by low energy argon and oxygen ions was investigated by atomic force microscopy in spreading resistance and scanning Kelvin probe microscopy mode. It was shown that it is possible to polarize or depolarize the coating, and then to visualize the state of the induced polarization using an electric field applied via the conductive cantilever in contact spreading resistance microscopy mode. It was found that treatment with argon ions increases the contrast of the of the surface potential distribution maps from 1.2 V to 2,3 V for negative – 10 V voltage on the probe and from 9,6 V to 19,2 V for a positive + 10 V voltage in comparison with the oxygen ions

Super Heavy Nano Reinforcing Concrete

The properties of modern heat resistant super heavy concrete reinforced by chrysotile nanotubes are described. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3522

New Electron Conversion Lines from Existing ?-Transitions In 160dy

Three photo plates derived with spectrograph LNP JINR with constant magnetic field [1] have been investigated using the Microscope Automatic Scanning MAS [2]. Electron internal conversion (ICE) spectrograms of two erbium (Er P-2, Er P-8) and one Ho fractions has been measured. More detailed analysis gave us the possibility to obtain some new lines (see table) in addition to many earlier existing lines in 160Dy [3]. For that investigations it is necessary to increase the speed with which microscopic objects are measured are described. These efforts include the modernization of the MAS automatic scanning microscope and the development of programs to reach an initial point and for carrying out automatic point-to-point linear transitions with a specified step. The error in realizing a transition to a given point with specified coordinates is shown to amount to 1 µm

ПЕЧЕНЬ И ЕЕ ЛИМФАТИЧЕСКИЙ РЕГИОН ПРИ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯХ БЕНЗ[A]ПИРЕНА В ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТЕ

Background: Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is the widespread environmental toxicant with carcinogenic activity. BaP undergoes metabolic activation in the liver microsomal monooxygenase system, and its regional lymph nodes act as peripheral filters, purifying lymph formed in the liver. It remains an open question about the significance of the integral liver and lymphatic system work in supporting processes of adaptation and resistance to the BaP effects. Objective: The purpose of our investigation was to study structural and metabolic changes in the liver and its lymph region in males Wistar rats weighing 180–220 g. Methods: Animals of the experimental group (n =20) daily for 3 days was performed BaP injections: intraperitoneally with 2 mg per 100 g of body weight in 0.2–0.3 ml of olive oil. Rats in the control group (n =20) received in the same mode of injection of olive oil. The light and electron microscopy morphometric study of the liver and its regional lymph nodes morphometric analysis were performed. The intensity of lipid peroxidation in the liver was measured by the number of diene conjugates (DC), ketotriene conjugates (KC) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Results: Simultaneous increase of the hepatic sinusoids relative area and the specific area of the regional lymph nodes sinus system was discovered under the BaP effect. At ultrastructural level dilatation of the Disse spaces, filling of cell detritus and collagen fibers bundles of these spaces were noted. Damage of nuclear apparatus, balloonie expansion of granular endoplasmic reticulum profiles were found in hepatocytes, condensation of the mitochondrial matrix was observed. The relative squares of B-dependent zones increased and T-dependent paracortical zone reduced in the regional lymph nodes. The increase in the content of KC and MDA in liver was dentified. Conclusion: benzo[a]pyrene causes interrelated cascade of reactions in the liver and in its lymphatic region: a disturbance of the blood-lymph barrier morphological organization, the difficulty of lymph drainage from the organ. These promotes development of tissue hypoxia and apoptosis, protein synthesizing and energy cell apparatus disruptions, formation of lymphoid tissue temporary groups in the liver. Бенз[a]пирен (БаП) — широко распространенный в окружающей среде токсикант, обладающий канцерогенной активностью. БаП подвергается метаболической активации в системе микросомных монооксигеназ печени, а ее регионарные лимфатические узлы выступают в роли периферических фильтров, очищающих образующуюся в печени лимфу. Остается открытым вопрос о значимости интегральной работы печени и лимфатической системы в обеспечении процессов адаптации и резистентности к воздействиям БаП. Цель исследования: изучить структурно-метаболические изменения в печени и ее лимфатическом регионе у самцов крыс линии Wistar массой 180–220 г. Методы: животным опытной группы (n =20) ежедневно в течение 3 сут проводили инъекции БаП внутрибрюшинно, по 2 мг на 100 г веса тела в 0,2–0,3 мл оливкового масла. Крысы контрольной группы (n =20) получали в таком же режиме инъекции оливкового масла. Выполняли морфометрическое исследование светооптических препаратов и электроннограмм печени, морфометрический анализ ее регионарных лимфатических узлов. Об интенсивности перекисного окисления липидов в печени судили по числу диеновых конъюгатов (ДК), кетотриеновых конъюгатов (КТ) и малонового диальдегида (МДА). Результаты: при воздействии БаП происходит синхронное  увеличение относительной площади печеночных синусоидов и удельной площади синусной системы регионарных лимфатических узлов. На ультраструктурном уровне отмечена дилатация пространств Диссе, заполнение их клеточным детритом пучками коллагеновых волокон. В гепатоцитах обнаружены повреждения ядерного аппарата, баллонообразные расширения профилей гранулярного эндоплазматического ретикулума, наблюдалось конденсирование митохондриального матрикса. В регионарных лимфатических узлах возросли относительные размеры В-зависимых зон и уменьшилась удельная площадь Т-зависимой паракортикальной зоны. Выявлено повышение содержания КТ и МДА в печени. Заключение: воздействие бенз[a]пирена приводит к развитию взаимосвязанного каскада реакций в печени и ее лимфатическом регионе: нарушению организации гемато-лимфатического барьера, изменению корней лимфатической системы в печени, затруднению оттока лимфы от органа. Это способствует развитию тканевой гипоксии и апоптоза, нарушению белковосинтетического и энергетического аппаратов клеток, образованию временных скоплений лимфоидной ткани в печени.

Antideuteron and deuteron production in mid-central Pb+Pb collisions at 158AA GeV

Production of deuterons and antideuterons was studied by the NA49 experiment in the 23.5% most central Pb+Pb collisions at the top SPS energy of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=17.3 GeV. Invariant yields for $\bar{d}$ and $d$ were measured as a function of centrality in the center-of-mass rapidity range $-1.2<y<-0.6$. Results for $\bar{d}(d)$ together with previously published $\bar{p}(p)$ measurements are discussed in the context of the coalescence model. The coalescence parameters $B_2$ were deduced as a function of transverse momentum $p_t$ and collision centrality.Comment: 9 figure

Inclusive production of charged pions in p+C collisions at 158 GeV/c beam momentum

The production of charged pions in minimum bias p+C interactions is studied using a sample of 377000 inelastic events obtained with the NA49 detector at the CERN SPS at 158 GeV/c beam momentum. The data cover a phase space area ranging from 0 to 1.8 GeV/c in transverse momentum and from -0.1 to 0.5 in Feynman x. Inclusive invariant cross sections are given on a grid of 270 bins per charge thus offering for the first time a dense coverage of the projectile hemisphere and of the cross-over region into the target fragmentation zone.Comment: 31 pages, 30 figures, submitted to European Journal of Physic

High p_T Spectra of Identified Particles Produced in Pb+Pb Collisions at 158GeV/nucleon Beam Energy

Transverse momentum spectra of pi^{+/-}, p, pbar, K^{+/-}, K^0_s and Lambda at midrapidity were measured at high p_T in Pb+Pb collisions at 158GeV/nucleon beam energy by the NA49 experiment. Particle yield ratios (p/pi, K/pi and Lambda/K^0_s) show an enhancement of the baryon/meson ratio for p_T>2GeV/c. The nuclear modification factor R_{CP} is extracted and compared to RHIC measurements and pQCD calculations.Comment: Quark Matter 2005 parallel section proceeding

Results on correlations and fluctuations from NA49

The large acceptance and high momentum resolution as well as the significant particle identification capabilities of the NA49 experiment at the CERN SPS allow for a broad study of fluctuations and correlations in hadronic interactions. In the first part recent results on event-by-event charge and p_t fluctuations are presented. Charge fluctuations in central Pb+Pb reactions are investigated at three different beam energies (40, 80, and 158 AGeV), while for the p_t fluctuations the focus is put on the system size dependence at 158 AGeV. In the second part recent results on Bose Einstein correlations of h-h- pairs in minimum bias Pb+Pb reactions at 40 and 158 AGeV, as well as of K+K+ and K-K- pairs in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158 AGeV are shown. Additionally, other types of two particle correlations, namely pi p, Lambda p, and Lambda Lambda correlations, have been measured by the NA49 experiment. Finally, results on the energy and system size dependence of deuteron coalescence are discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figures, Presented at Quark Matter 2002, Nantes, France, Corrected error in Eq.

High p_T Spectra of Identified Particles Produced in Pb+Pb Collisions at 158A GeV Beam Energy

Results of the NA49 collaboration on the production of hadrons with large transverse momentum in Pb+Pb collisions at 158A GeV beam energy are presented. A range up to p_T = 4 GeV/c is covered. The nuclear modification factor R_CP is extracted for pions, kaons and protons, and the baryon to meson ratios p/pi+, pbar/pi- and Lambda/K^0_s are studied. All results are compared to other measurements at SPS and RHIC and to theoretical calculations.Comment: Submitted to J. Phys. G (Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter, Los Angeles, USA, March 26-31, 2006). 5 pages, 3 figure

Strangeness production at SPS energies

We present a summary of measurements of strange particles performed by the experiment NA49 in central and minimum bias Pb+Pb collisions in the beam energy range 20A - 158A GeV. New results on Xi production in central Pb+Pb collisions and on Lambda, Xi production in minimum bias collisions are shown. Transverse mass spectra and rapidity distributions of strange particles at different energies are compared. The energy dependence of the particle yields and ratios is discussed. NA49 measurements of the Lambda and Xi enhancement factors are shown for the first time.Comment: Submitted to J. Phys. G (Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter, Los Angeles, USA, March 26-31, 2006). 9 pages, 9 figure