EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE COEFFICIENT OF CRUSHING OF ROOT CROPS WITH A SCREW CONVEYOR-CRUSHER

In the general structure of production of livestock products up to 50 ... 70% of all costs accounted for the share of preparation of varied juicy forages from root crops. Screw conveyors are widely used in the agrarian sector of production for moving, mixing, dosing products, etc. Improvement of existing structures of screw conveyors and justification of their rational parameters and operating modes are actual scientific tasks. The purpose of the study is to increase (expand) the functional capabilities of the technological operations of screw conveyors by developing a combination of working bodies that ensure the simultaneous shredding and movement of roots in the process of their preparation and processing on juicy feed. The main objectives of the research, which ensure the implementation of the stated goal, is to justify the parameters of the combined working body screw conveyor-shredder, which is used in the processing lines of roots.Key words: working body, Г-shaped knife, spiral turn, plan matrix, diameter, rotational speed.доктор технічних наук Барановський В. М., Грицай Ю. В., Береженко Б. М. Експериментальні дослідження коефіцієнта подрібнення коренеплодів шнековим транспортером-подрібнювачем/ Тернопільський національний технічний університет імені Івана Пулюя, Україна, ТернопільУ загальній структурі виробництва продукції тваринництва до 50…70 % всіх витрат припадає на дольову частку приготування різнопланових соковитих кормів з коренеплодів. Шнекові транспортери широко застосовуються в аграрній сфері виробництва для переміщення, змішування, дозування продуктів тощо. Удосконалення існуючих конструкцій шнекових транспортерів і обгрунтування їх раціональних параметрів і режимів роботи є актуальним науковим завданням. Метою дослідження є підвищення (розширення) функціональних можливостей технологічних операцій шнекових транспортерів шляхом розробки комбінованих робочих органів, які забезпечують одночасне подрібнення та переміщення коренеплодів у процесі їх підготовки та переробки на соковиті корми. Основними задачами дослідження, які забезпечують реалізацію сформульованої мети, є обгрунтування параметрів комбінованого робочого органу шнекового транспортера-подрібнювача, який застосовується у технологічних лініях переробки коренеплодів.Ключові слова: робочий орган, Г-подібний ніж, спіральний виток, план-матриця, діаметр, частота обертання

Digestive Disease Mortality Dynamics During New Coronavirus Infection Pandemic in Different Subjects of Russian Federation

Aim. An analysis of digestive disease mortality dynamics in different subjects of the Russian Federation in course of the new coronavirus infection pandemic.Key points. In most subjects of the Russian Federation, the first half of 2021 enduring the COVID-19 pandemic has witnessed a higher overall mortality from digestive diseases and from peptic ulcer, liver and pancreatic illnesses compared to the same period in 2020. This situation may have roots in both the adverse impact of coronavirus infection on pre-existing digestive diseases and shortages in providing specialty medical aid to gastroenterological patients during the pandemic. Improved outpatient care and remote counselling, as well as successful educational measures, may reduce gastroenterological disease-associated mortality.Conclusion. Most regions of Russia have registered a growing mortality from digestive diseases at the new coronavirus infection pandemic due to the SARS-CoV-2 adverse impact on illness progression, as well as imposed difficulties in providing specialty medical aid

ІНФОРМАЦІЙНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ І СИСТЕМИ ДЛЯ РАННЬОЇ ДІАГНОСТИКИ ОНКОЛОГІЧНИХ ЗАХВОРЮВАНЬ ЗА РІВНЕМ ЦИРКУЛЮЮЧИХ ПУХЛИННИХ КЛІТИН

Most modern systems and technologies of the automated analysis of medical microscopic images and early diagnostics of oncological diseases are analyzed in the article. The methods and algorithms used for image processing, segmentation, determination of parameters of the object, which are determined manually and require additional knowledge, make it significantly complicated for their practical application in clinical medicine due to insufficient knowledge of medical staff.В статье проанализировано большинство современных систем и технологий автоматизированного анализа медицинских микроскопических изображений и ранней диагностики онкологических заболеваний. Методы и алгоритмы, применяемые для обработки изображений, сегментации, определения параметров объекта, определяются в ручном режиме и требуют дополнительных знаний, это существенно затрудняет их практическое применение в клинической медицине вследствие недостаточного количества знаний у медицинского персонала.Проаналізовано більшість сучасних систем і технологій автоматизованого аналізу медичних мікроскопічних зображень та ранньої діагностики онкологічних захворювань. Методи та алгоритми, що застосовуються для оброблення зображень, сегментації, визначення параметрів об'єкта, визначаються в ручному режимі та потребують додаткових знань, це суттєво ускладнює їх практичне застосування в клінічній медицині внаслідок недостатньої кількості знань у медичного персонал

Diagnosis and Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Clinical Recommendations of the Russian Gastroenterological Association and Association of Coloproctologists of Russia

Aim. Current clinical recommendations accentuate current methods for the diagnosis and treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).Key points. IBS is a functional bowel disorder manifested with recurrent, at least weekly, abdominal pain with the following attributes (any two leastwise): link to defecation, its frequency or stool shape. The symptoms are expected to persist for at minimum three months in a total six-month follow-up. Similar to other functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, IBS can be diagnosed basing on the patient symptoms compliance with Rome IV criteria, provided the absence of potentially symptom-causative organic GI diseases. Due to challenging differential diagnosis, IBS can be appropriately established per exclusionem, with pre-examination as follows: general and biochemical blood tests; tissue transglutaminase IgA/IgG antibody tests; thyroid hormones test; faecal occult blood test; hydrogen glucose/ lactulose breath test for bacterial overgrowth; stool test for enteric bacterial pathogens and Clostridium difficile A/B toxins; stool calprotectin test; abdominal ultrasound; OGDS, with biopsy as appropriate; colonoscopy with biopsy. The IBS sequence is typically wavelike, with alternating remissions and exacerbations often triggered by psychoemotional stress. Treatment of IBS patients includes dietary and lifestyle adjustments, various-class drug agents prescription and psychotherapeutic measures.Conclusion. Adherence to clinical recommendations can facilitate timely diagnosis and improve medical aid quality in patients with different clinical IBS variants

Diagnosis and Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Clinical Recommendations of the Russian Gastroenterological Association and Association of Coloproctologists of Russia

Aim. Current clinical recommendations accentuate current methods for the diagnosis and treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).Key points. IBS is a functional bowel disorder manifested with recurrent, at least weekly, abdominal pain with the following attributes (any two leastwise): link to defecation, its frequency or stool shape. The symptoms are expected to persist for at minimum three months in a total six-month follow-up. Similar to other functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, IBS can be diagnosed basing on the patient symptoms compliance with Rome IV criteria, provided the absence of potentially symptom-causative organic GI diseases. Due to challenging differential diagnosis, IBS can be appropriately established per exclusionem, with pre-examination as follows: general and biochemical blood tests; tissue transglutaminase IgA/IgG antibody tests; thyroid hormones test; faecal occult blood test; hydrogen glucose/ lactulose breath test for bacterial overgrowth; stool test for enteric bacterial pathogens and Clostridium difficile A/B toxins; stool calprotectin test; abdominal ultrasound; OGDS, with biopsy as appropriate; colonoscopy with biopsy. The IBS sequence is typically wavelike, with alternating remissions and exacerbations often triggered by psychoemotional stress. Treatment of IBS patients includes dietary and lifestyle adjustments, various-class drug agents prescription and psychotherapeutic measures.Conclusion. Adherence to clinical recommendations can facilitate timely diagnosis and improve medical aid quality in patients with different clinical IBS variants

APPLICATION OF SECONDARY MATERIALS AT PRODUCTION OF DETAILS FROM CHROME CAST IRONS

The groups of alloy steel scrap. suitable for wear-resistant synthetic chromium and iron grades ich18VN ich18VM are studied and defined. Found that the number of alloyed steel scrap in the charge for these irons can be more than 85%, and the price of the charge decreases from 30 to 45%

ANTIBODIES TO THE CYTOPLASM OF NEUTROPHILS: A MARKER OF UNFAVORABLE CLINICAL COURSE IN NON-SPECIFIC ULCERATIVE COLITIS

Antibodies to the cytoplasm of neutrophils (p-ANCA) are detectable in 67% of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). We have revealed typical clinical features of the patients with diagnostic p-ANCA titer, i.e., longer disease duration, prolonged fevers, and increased stool frequency. Moreover, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis and hypoalbuminemia are more common in this group. By endoscopic examination, mucosal ulcers of the colon are significantly more frequent in this group of patients. We have also noted higher rates of severe and relapsing cases among p-ANCA-positive patients. The data obtained allow us to suggest that the diagnostic titers of p-ANCA are predictive for unfavorable prognosis in UC

Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases: the course and treatment methods in Russian Federation

Aim of investigation. To evaluate the prevalence of clinical manifestations and variants of progression for ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) in population of the Russian Federation. Material and methods. The present investigation was designed as population-based one-stage observational study. The clinical data, treatment methods, laboratory tests results and the rate of adverse effects for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) from 8 gastroenterological centers were obtained. Severity grade was estimated by a doctor. Encoding of concurrent therapy, complications and systemic manifestations was carried out according to MedDRA. Results. Original study included overall 1000 patients (667 UC patients, 333 CD patients). Most of the study patients were diagnosed to have chronic relapsing (53.1% for UC; 45.0% for CD) or chronic persistent (32.8% with UC; 39.65 with CD) course of disease, mild attack was revealed in 51.3% of UC patients and 52.3% of CD patients, moderate attack in 46.6 and 47.3% respectively. Systemic manifestations and complications of the disease were found in 33.5% of patients. At the moment of enrollments to the study patients received maintenance therapy, most frequently - by the drugs containing 5-aminosalicylic acid (72.0% for UC, 59.5% for CD) and immunosuppressors (28.0% for UC, 42.6% for CD); biological agents are prescribed rarely (11.75% for UC, 20.4% for CD). Previous surgical intervention was present in the past history of 43.8% CD patients and 5.7% - UC patients. The median (range) hospital admissions was 1 (1-10) in those with UC and 1 (1-24) in those with CD. Conclusions. High complication rate, previous surgical intervention and changes of therapeutic tactics demonstrates that treatment approaches to this cohort of IBD patients in the Russian Federation are not optimal enough