Критична соціальна філософія освіти і перспективи демократичної інституалізації систем суспільства (Critical social philosophy of education and prospects for the institutionalization of democratic systems of society)

Розглядається модель «критичної соціальної філософії освіти», втілена в програми суспільного розвитку і навчання, які перш за все покликані навчити людей провадити самостійне й оригінальне дослідження себе, соціуму й системи знань. Водночас обґрунтовується, що ці моделі та програми не мають бути відірвані ані від індивідуально-колективної системи моральних і соціальних цінностей, теоретико-прикладного навчання, ані від подальшого застосування набутих цінностей, норм і навичок у повсякденному житті, науці чи на виробництві, у сфері усіх соціальних інститутів (Consider a model of «critical social philosophy of education», as embodied in the programs of social development and learning, which are primarily designed to teach people how to lead an independent and original research themselves, society and knowledge systems. However, it is proved that the models and programs should not be cut off from any individual and the collective system of moral and social values , theoretical and applied training, nor from further use of the acquired values, norms and skills in everyday life, science, or in production, sphere of all social institutions. The critical social philosophy of formation aspires to update the humanised maintenance and sense of formation not for introduction of values of the industrial capital and high technologies, but, first of all, for radical democratisation of formation for the purpose of achievement of the progressive purposes, that research that will promote development of the person, civilisation and community, social justice and strengthening of democratic participation in all versions of a life. Formation should be reconstructed to the decision of tasks of technical revolution, but at the same time we should recognise, that in the globalized world there is a menacing growing inequality, conflicts and dangers, therefore, to make formation corresponding to a modern situation, it should investigate and solve and these problems. Changes in sphere of democratisation of formation should solve these problems and make formation by public institute in interests of the social majority as it and representatives of modern critical social philosophy of formation and critical, radical pedagogics offer. Globalisation and technological revolution should be used for radical reorganisation of formation and maintenance for representatives of social philosophy of formation and radical pedagogics of educational conditions that they could offer the models of pedagogics and reconstruction of formation for its service of democracy and to progressive social changes. Though also it is necessary to criticise rigidly neoliberal models, also important at the same time and to offer them alternatives. Thus, it is necessary to accompany demand for new knowledge and reorganisation of formation with the program of its democratisation. Comprehension of these lessons of global development is necessary as for theoretical judgement of today’s prospects of a world progressive policy in whole and in an education sphere in particular, and for practical attempts to change our world to the best in interests of the public majority

Physical and mechanical properties and thermal protection efficiency of intumescent coatings

The new engineering technique for the experimental investigation of physical and mechanical characteristics of thermal protective intumescent coatings is offered. A mathematical model is proposed for predicting the thermal behavior of structures protected by coatings; the model is closed by the studied material characteristics. The heating of a metal plate under standard thermal loading conditions is modeled mathematically. The modeling results are in good agreement with bench test results for metal temperature under the coating. The proposed technique of studying physical and mechanical characteristics can be applied to identify and monitor the state of thermal protective intumescent coatings in the long-term operation

The biology of Simulium erythrocephalum and S. chelevini (Diptera, Simuliidae): Morpho-logical, ecological and molecular data

The subgenus Boophthora is a typical Palearctic taxon, which includes only 6 species, among them. Simulium erythrocephalum has a transpalearctic distribution. In Europe, Adler notes only the species S. erythrocephalum, and Yankovsky – two species S. (Boophthora) erythrocephalum and S. (Boophthora) chelevini. According to morphological characteristics, these species differ in their life stages. We have studied the development of S. erythrocephalum and S. chelevini from three rivers of Volyn region, Ukraine (Styr, Chornoguzka, Putylivka) from 2017 to 2019. We used the EPPO PM7 / 129 standard. Collected samples, 615-bp fragments of the COI gene were sequenced from five individuals of S. erythrocephalum and five individuals of S. chelevini and compared with four samples of S. erythrocephalum from the GenBank. We obtained the nucleotide sequence of S. chelevini. All of the S. erythrocephalum samples from Ukraine had 692 bases, the S. erythrocephalum samples from Armenia had 673 bases. S. erythrocephalum and S. chelevini did not have any intraspecific variations. These intraspecific variations were not larger than the interspecific variations. It has been proved that the populations of S. erythrocephalum and S. chelevini from medium and small rivers of Volyn do not differ in biological, behavioural and genetic characteristics. Comparison of S. erythrocephalum and S. chelevini life stages showed clear differences in 20 morphological features, which are probably manifestations of phenotypic variability. Comparison of species with data from the GenBank from Spain and Armenia on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene confirmed the opinion that S. erythrocephalum and S. chelevini are one species. On the phylogenetic tree, the data are not grouped, there is no clear separation of the clades. Bootstrap values are 95–100%, which may indicate a significant similarity of all studied samples and the lack of isolation of individual morphotypes from Volyn, Spain and Armenia. To finally confirm the taxonomic position of these two species, additional research is needed covering more individuals from different parts of Europe and analysis of more genes

The biology of Simulium noelleri and Simulium dolini: morphological, ecological and molecular data

Molecular genetic research has revolutionized the taxonomy and systematics of the Simuliidae family. Simulium noelleri Friederichs, 1920 is a species of blackfly, common in the Holarctic, reported for 33 countries. In 1954, Topchiev recorded it in Ukraine for the first time. Simulium dolini Usova et Sukhomlin, 1989 has been recorded at the borders of Ukraine and Belarus. It was described for the first time by Usova and Sukhomlin in 1989 from the collection from the territory of Volyn region in 1985. Usova and Sukhomlin, Yankovsky, Adler state that S. noelleri and S. dolini are different species by the morphological characteristics that differ in all phases of development. Adults differ in the structure of the genital appendages, palps, the margin and shape of the face and forehead, the colour of the legs; the larva – in the pattern on the frontal capsule, the number of rays in the fans, mandibular teeth and the hypostoma, the structure of the hind organ of attachment; pupae – in the branching way of gills. Molecular data are becoming an increasingly important tool in insect taxonomy. Therefore, we had to check that these two closely related species also have genetic difference. The development of S. noelleri and S. dolini was studied in four small rivers of Volyn region, Ukraine (Chornohuzka, Konopelka, Putylivka, Omelyanivka) in the period from 2017 to 2019. During initial processing of insect samples, we used the standard protocols EPPO PM7/129. We obtained the nucleotide sequence of S. dolini. It was proved that the populations of S. noelleri and S. dolini from medium and small rivers of Volyn differ in biological, morphological, behavioural and genetic characteristics. Comparison of the species S. noelleri with the data of the GenBank confirms the identification of three distinct morphotypes from Volyn, Great Britain and Canada. As a result of the conducted researches, it was confirmed that two close species of S. dolini and S. noelleri from the noelleri species group differ in the structure of mitochondrial DNA, which confirms their independent taxonomic status. Additional studies comprising more individuals from larger areas of Europe are required to verify the taxonomic position of these two species

Inactivation of the geranylgeranyl reductase (ChlP) gene in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

AbstractGeranylgeranyl reductase catalyses the reduction of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate to phytyl pyrophosphate required for synthesis of chlorophylls, phylloquinone and tocopherols. The gene chlP (ORF sll1091) encoding the enzyme has been inactivated in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The resulting ΔchlP mutant accumulates exclusively geranylgeranylated chlorophyll a instead of its phytylated analogue as well as low amounts of α-tocotrienol instead of α-tocopherol. Whereas the contents of chlorophyll and total carotenoids are decreased, abundance of phycobilisomes is increased in ΔchlP cells. The mutant assembles functional photosystems I and II as judged from 77 K fluorescence and electron transport measurements. However, the mutant is unable to grow photoautotrophically due to instability and rapid degradation of the photosystems in the absence of added glucose. We suggest that instability of the photosystems in ΔchlP is directly related to accumulation of geranylgeranylated chlorophyll a. Increased rigidity of the chlorophyll isoprenoid tail moiety due to three additional CC bonds is the likely cause of photooxidative stress and reduced stability of photosynthetic pigment–protein complexes assembled with geranylgeranylated chlorophyll a in the ΔchlP mutant

ІНТЕРНАЦІОНАЛІЗАЦІЯ СИСТЕМИ ОСВІТИ І РЕФОРМИ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ: НІМЕЦЬКА МОДЕЛЬ

Internationalization and integration of institutions of higher education in a global and international dimension raise many new questions for the theory and practice. Among them the author emphasizes the most important ones: what is the general and the particular in education and science; what patterns, forms, methods of management are universal and which are in the range of the specific conditions of different countries; what is the best way to realize the functions of education and science in the international activity; what are the features of national identity in education and in the development of the University as an institution of education, and also in organizational behavior, management systems; to what extent these features are important to achieve the desired results;  how can foreigners quickly adapt to national environment.Интернационализация и интеграция высшего образования в глобально-международном аспекте ставят много новых вопросов перед теорией и практикой. Важнейшие из них – что есть общее и особенное в образовании и науке, какие закономерности, формы, методы управления являются универсальными, а какие действуют в диапазоне конкретных условий разных стран, как наилучшим образом выполнять функции образования и науки в международной деятельности, в чем состоят особенности национального стиля в образовании и  развитии университета как института образования, в организационном поведении, системах управления, насколько эти особенности важны для достижения желаемых результатов, как иностранцам быстрее приспособиться к национальной местной среде.Інтернаціоналізація та інтеграція вищої освіти в глобально-міжнародному аспекті порушують багато нових питань перед теорією і практикою. Найважливіші з них – що є загальне і особливе в освіті і науці, які закономірності, форми, методи управління є універсальними, а які діють у діапазоні конкретних умов різних країн, як найкращим чином виконувати функції освіти й науки у міжнародній діяльності, у чому полягають особливості національного стилю в освіті і розвитку університету як інституту освіти, в організаційній поведінці, системах управління, наскільки ці особливості важливі для досягнення бажаних результатів, як іноземцям швидше пристосуватися до національного місцевого середовища

СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЦІННІСНІ МОДЕЛІ ФІЛОСОФІЇ ОСВІТИ І МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ ВИХОВАННЯ В ІНСТРУМЕНТАЛІЗМІ ПРАГМАТИЗМУ І НЕОПРАГМАТИЧНІЙ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ

To analyse system-integration aspect of social philosophy and education management in interaction of concepts of an instrumentalism of a pragmatism and a neopragmatism  in formation of socially valuable orientations.Анализируется системно-интегративный аспект социальной философии и менеджмента образования во взаимодействии концепций инструментализма прагматизма и неопрагматизма  в формировании социально-ценностных ориентаций.Аналізується системно-інтеграційний аспект соціальної філософії і менеджменту освіти у взаємодії концепцій інструменталізму прагматизму і неопрагматизму  у формуванні соціально-ціннісних орієнтацій