A recipe for simulating the interannual variability of the Asian summer monsoon and its relation with ENSO

Author Posting. © The Authors, 2006. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Springer for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Climate Dynamics 28 (2007): 441-460, doi: 10.1007/s00382-006-0190-0.This study investigates how accurately the interannual variability over the Indian Ocean basin and the relationship between the Indian summer monsoon and the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can be simulated by different modelling strategies. With a hierarchy of models, from an atmospherical general circulation model (AGCM) forced by observed SST, to a coupled model with the ocean component limited to the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans, the role of heat fluxes and of interactive coupling is analyzed. Whenever sea surface temperature anomalies in the Indian basin are created by the coupled model, the inverse relationship between the ENSO index and the Indian summer monsoon rainfall is recovered, and it is preserved if the atmospherical model is forced by the SSTs created by the coupled model. If the ocean model domain is limited to the Indian Ocean, changes in the Walker circulation over the Pacific during El Nino years induce a decrease of rainfall over the Indian subcontinent. However the observed correlation between the ENSO and the Indian Ocean Zonal Mode (IOZM) is not properly modelled and the two indices are not significantly correlated, independently on season. Whenever the ocean domain extends to the Pacific, and ENSO can impact both the atmospheric circulation and the ocean subsurface in the equatorial Eastern Indian Ocean, modelled precipitation patterns associated both to ENSO and to the IOZM closely resemble the observations.The experiments described were performed as a contribution to the ENSEMBLES project funded by the European Commission’s 6th Framework Programme, contract number GOCE-CT-2003-505539

Micro, Meso, and Macro Data Collection and Analysis, as a Method for Speculative and Artistic Exploration

In this work, an attempt is made to explore the emerging computationally-enhanced private and public environments by analyzing their ecological transitions and its implications on practical, aesthetic, and speculative dimensions. The author has decided to methodologically dissect the multiplicity of information that exists on many possible-to-detect scales (micro, meso, macro), and utilize this extraction as a tool for experimentation and redefinition. With the use of custom-made hardware and software utilities (sensor devices, sentiment analysis algorithms, online APIs, and many more), a vast amount of data is collected and used as a multidimensional layered architecture that constantly shifts and transforms. The extracted and analyzed content of the collection becomes the essence of the work that is shaped and refined through digital and physical making – middleware, recursion, mapping – and by utilizing technological objects within the physical space, the creative process is augmented and amplified, exploring not only new practices and novel applications, but rather redefining behavior, thought-process, and context

Lighting Intention Materialization with a Light-Based Parametric Design Model

How the inverse lighting methods could help the architectural design? We address this issue with an original light-based parametric design model dedicated to the architectural design. This model associates the parametric design approach with the lighting intentions expressed by the architects. It has been implemented thanks to an inverse lighting technique in a tool intended to aid the design of the windows and the shading devices in the early stages of architectural design. This model is used in a performative design approach onto the dome of the Louvre Abu Dhabi museum in order to define the transparency property of the dome

A light-based parametric design model: the application of the inverse lighting in the design of the Louvre Abu Dhabi museum

The use of a design tool materializing the performative design concept is presented. The association of parametric design with lighting intentions leads to a light-based parametric design approach. This approach have been implemented through an inverse natural lighting model which is intended to aid the daylight design (windows, shading devices or others) in the early stages of architectural design. We show this model can be used in a performative design approach to define the transparency property through a case study: the dome of the Louvre Abu Dhabi museum by Ateliers Jean Nouvel

Virtual data sphere: inverse stereographic projection for immersive multi-perspective geovisualization

International audienceImmersive geospatial visualization finds increasing application for navigation, exploration, and analysis. Many such require the display of data at different scales, often in views with three-dimensional geometry. Multi-view solutions, such as focus+context, overview+detail, and distorted projections can show different scales at the same time, and help place an area of interest within its surroundings. By inverting the principle of stereographic projection – projecting spatial features from a map onto a virtual sphere which surrounds the viewer – we present a novel technique for immersive geospatial focus+context that aims to mitigate problems with existing solutions. This sphere can intersect the map, dividing it into two parts: the inside of the sphere, which stays unchanged, and the outside, which gets projected to the surface, resulting in an inversion of the lens metaphor by distorting the context instead of the focus. This detail-in-context visualization maximizes the amount of context that can be legibly shown by the smooth compression inherent to the stereographic projection, and by utilizing otherwise unused screen space in the sky. The projection method allows for easy control over the projection and distortion characteristics by varying only two main parameters – the sphere’s radius and its position. The omnidirectional nature of our system makes it particularly well-suited for immersive displays by accommodating typical immersive exploration and fully utilizing the additional visual space available. Applying our system to an urban environment, we were able to solicit positive reactions during feedback sessions with experts from urbanism

All range and heterogeneous multi-scale 3D city models

3D City Models (3DCM) are key features into decision making of several urban related problems. Therefore 3DCM are needed by several applications, but the required level-of-detail (LoD) of the model depends on the application. Our goal is to propose a multi-scale 3DCM production and use method. Our approach consists of merging, procedural modeling, graph rewriting techniques, and a generalization technique to handle all different kinds of LoD of a 3DCM. In this way, it allows to handle various heterogeneous LoDs of a complete urban city model. We test our proposal with the 3DCM of the City of Nantes for a rendering application. Our results can also be applied to other LoDs criteria to match other 3DCM-based needs

Western European climate, and Pinot noir grape harvest dates in Burgundy, France, since the 17th century

International audienc