Случай метастазирования рака мочевого пузыря в миокард

The case of metastatic heart damage manifesting by a clinical picture of acute myocardial infarction in a patient with urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder is described. A 69-year old patient was admitted with the symptoms of acute myocardial infarction from the neurological department, where he was hospitalized due to a space-occupying lesion of the right hemisphere of the brain, which manifested in a convulsive episode with the development of leftsided spastic hemiparesis. After coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention was performed for the lesions of the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery. Despite the complex of the therapeutic  measures, the patient died. A pathological study revealed urothelial carcinoma of the bladder with distant metastases to the brain and myocardium. This clinical case demonstrates the situation of intravital diagnosis of metastatic myocardial lesions, which requires a determination of the treatment approach in the described category of patients.Представленный клинический случай метастатического поражения сердца у пациента проявился клиникой острого инфаркта миокарда при уротелиальной карциноме мочевого пузыря. Пациент 69 лет поступил с клиникой острого инфаркта миокарда из неврологического отделения, где находился по поводу объемного образования правого полушария головного мозга, манифестировавшего судорожным эпизодом с развитием левостороннего спастического гемипареза.После проведения коронарографии было выполнено чрескожное коронарное вмешательство по поводу поражений передней межжелудочковой ветви левой коронарной артерии. Несмотря на проведенный комплекс лечебных мероприятий, пациент скончался. При патологоанатомическом исследовании обнаружена уротелиальная карцинома мочевого пузыря с отдаленными метастазами в головной мозг и миокард. Клинический случай демонстрирует ситуацию прижизненной диагностики метастатических поражений миокарда, которая требует определения лечебного подхода у описанной категории пациентов

Клинический случай синдрома Кернса–Сейра: диагностика, тактика лечения

The article outlines the current knowledge of the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features and diagnostic criteria of one of the forms of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy – the Kearns–Sayre syndrome. The observation of a patient with an incomplete case of the Kearns–Sayre syndrome is presented. The complexity of diagnosis and the range of differential diagnostic search as well as approaches to treatment with the use of neurotrophic factors are widely discussed in the research.В статье изложены современные представления об этиологии, патогенезе, клинических особенностях и диагностических критериях одной из форм митохондриальной патологии – синдроме Кернса–Сейра. Представлено наблюдение пациента с неполным вариантом синдрома Кернса–Сейра. Обсуждаются сложности диагностики и круг дифференциально-диагностического поиска, подходы к лечению с применением нейротрофических факторов

Review of quantitative methods for assessing lung injury.

Background. Modern possibilities allow for the statistical processing of the research results in the shortest possible time. This allows the researcher to move from a qualitative assessment of detected changes to the definition and quantification of integrated indicators characterizing the degree of lung injury. Objective. Demonstration of different options to quantify lung injury proposed by different authors. Methods. The study was conducted by analyzing publications in PubMed using key words «lung injury». Results. The article gives an overview of the methods used by foreign authors for the quantitative assessment of lung injury in experimental studies. It offers a variety of ways ranging damage of parenchymal and stromal components of the lungs, as well as their combination for subsequent statistical processing of the data. Conclusion. In our study we have demonstrated different methods for evaluation of experimental lung injury

Огляд методів кількісної оцінки пошкодження легень.

Background. Modern possibilities allow for the statistical processing of the research results in the shortest possible time. This allows the researcher to move from a qualitative assessment of detected changes to the definition and quantification of integrated indicators characterizing the degree of lung injury. Objective. Demonstration of different options to quantify lung injury proposed by different authors. Methods. The study was conducted by analyzing publications in PubMed using key words «lung injury». Results. The article gives an overview of the methods used by foreign authors for the quantitative assessment of lung injury in experimental studies. It offers a variety of ways ranging damage of parenchymal and stromal components of the lungs, as well as their combination for subsequent statistical processing of the data. Conclusion. In our study we have demonstrated different methods for evaluation of experimental lung injury.В статье приведен обзор методов, применяемых иностранными авторами для количественного оценивания легочного повреждения в экспериментальных исследованиях. Предлагаются различные способы ранжирования повреждения паренхиматозного и стромального компонентов лёгких, а также их сочетание для последующей статистической обработки полученных данных.В статті приведений огляд методів, які застосовуються іноземними авторами для кількісного оцінювання легеневого пошкодження в експериментальних дослідженнях. Пропонуються різноманітні способи ранжування пошкодження паренхіматозного та стромального компонентів легень, а також їх поєднання для послідуючої статистичної обробки отриманих даних

Вплив ксеногенної цереброспінальної рідини на паренхіму легень щурів за умов одноразового тотального опромінення.

Background. One of the results of negative influence of irradiation is the radiational injury of lungs, which manifests itself by radiational pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis. The medicines of phytogenous and animal origin, microelements and synthetic analogs of natural organism protection's substances, high-molecular compounds, vaccines, cytokines and their inductors are used for early therapy of these complications. As one of such remedies one can use the xenogenic cerebrospinal fluid of cows since its usage shows good effects over the system of hematopoiesis at treatment of medullar form of acute radiation sickness. Objective. Studying the influence of xenogenic cerebrospinal fluid over the lung's parenchyma of the rats, which were exposed to single total irradiation. Methods. The research was performed on 48 mature aged (5 months) Wistar rats of both sexes. The animals were divided into following groups: the placebo group, the group, which was getting xenogenic cerebrospinal fluid, the irradiated group, which was getting placebo, and the irradiated group, which was getting cerebrospinal fluid. The lungs were later histologically processed and colored by hematoxylin-eosin and picrofucsine. During the microscopy the percentage of the areas with intact parenchyma, emphysema, dystelektases and hemorrhages, and also the intensity of the collagen fibers were estimated. Results. The triple introduction of the xenogenic cerebrospinal fluid to the animals, which were undergone the irradiation, have reduced the percentage of emphysematous areas by 8,86% (р<0,01) and the haemorrhagic areas by 2,44% (р<0,001) at the expense of increase of the percentage of intact parenchyma by 7,21% (р<0,01) and dystelectatic areas by 4,09% (р<0,001). At the tenfold introduction the percentage of the areas with the intact parenchyma has grown by 11,28% (р<0,001) and the percentage of dystelectatic areas by 4,51% (р<0,001), while the emphysematous areas decreased by 14,42% (р<0,001) and the haemorrhagic areas – by 1,39% (р<0,001). The most pronounced changes were observed at the 30-day experiment. Conclusion. The introduce of xenogenic cerebrospinal fluid to the animals, which were undergone the single total gamma irradiation by 5 Gy, leads to the decrease of the percentage of emphysematous areas and the increase of the intact parenchyma's and dystelectatic areas' percentage, which are more pronounced under the tenfold introduce of CSF (while the normal characteristics of the lung's morphometry are not reached). These changes are accompanied by reduced collagen formation in the lungs.Статья посвящена изучению влияния ксеногенной цереброспинальной жидкости на паренхиму лёгких крыс линии Вистар, подвергшихся одноразовому тотальному облучению. Паренхиму лёгких изучали морфологическими методами. Введение ксеногенной цереброспинальной жидкости приводило к уменьшению процентного содержания участков эмфиземы за счёт увеличения содержания участков неизменённой паренхимы лёгких и дистелектазов, а также происходило уменьшение содержания коллагеновых волокон. Изменения имели более выраженный характер при десятикратном введении ликвора.Стаття присвячена дослідженню впливу ксеногенной цереброспінальної рідини на паренхіму легень щурів лінії Вістар, які зазнали одноразового тотального опромінювання. Паренхіму легень досліджували за допомогою морфологічних методів. Введення ксеногенної цереброспінальної рідини викликало зменшення відсоткового змісту ділянок емфіземи за рахунок збільшення вмісту ділянок незміненої паренхіми легень та дистелектазів, а також зменшення вмісту колагенових волокон. Найбільші зміни були знайдені при десятиразовому введенні ліквора

Місцева реакція тканин на поліпропіленовий сітчастий ендопротез при його імплантації в тканини передньої черевної стінки і можливі шляхи її зменшення.

Background. In Ukraine surgical intervention because of hernia re-present 8-10% among other operations. Significant deficiency of any graft material is a manifestation of the local inflammatory process that occurs in response to the implantation of foreign material into the body. In this regard the development of synthetic materials which will cause a minor inflammatory response while maintaining a satisfactory strength characteristics and manufacturing cost. Objective. To experimentally approve the possibilities of processing the grafts with autogenous blood plasma and cattle cerebrospinal fluid for the reduction of tissue inflammatory reaction. Methods. 36 adult male rats were operated under ether narcosis with implantation of a polypropylene mesh endoprosthesis Alfa Vita 90 into anterior abdominal wall. Animals were divided into 2 groups: control, where grafts were processed with autogenic blood plasma, and experimental, with grafts processed with cattle cerebrospinal fluid. After 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after operation fragments of anterior abdominal wall were taken for histological analysis. Results. Intensity of local aseptic inflammatory reaction around the elements of the polypropylene mesh prosthesis in all terms was more intensive in the control group with continuous amplification till the 28th day after surgical intervention. While in experimental animals on the 28th day after graft implantation inflammatory signs were not visualized. Conclusion. Processing of polypropylene mesh implants with autologous blood plasma and cattle cerebrospinal fluid reduces the local inflammatory reaction after implantation in the anterior abdominal wall, decreasing the risk of local complications in the postoperative period.Целью исследования было экспериментальное обоснование обработки полипропиленовых сетчатых эндопротезов аутогенной плазмой крови и цереброспинальной жидкостью крупного рогатого скота для уменьшения воспалительной реакции окружающих тканей. Установлено, что полипропиленовые имплантаты, обработанные аутогенной плазмой крови и цереброспинальной жидкостью крупного рогатого скота, вызывают менее выраженную воспалительную реакцию окружающих тканей, чем имплантаты без предварительной обработки.Метою дослідження було експериментальне обґрунтування обробки поліпропіленових сітчастих ендопротезів аутогенною плазмою крові і цереброспінальною рідиною великої рогатої худоби для зменшення запальної реакції оточуючих тканин. Встановлено, що поліпропіленові імплантати, оброблені аутогенною плазмою крові і цереброспінальною рідиною великої рогатої худоби, викликають менш виражену запальну реакцію оточуючих тканин, ніж імплантати без попередньої обробки

Clinical case study of Kearns–Sayre syndrome: diagnosis, methods of treatment

The article outlines the current knowledge of the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features and diagnostic criteria of one of the forms of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy – the Kearns–Sayre syndrome. The observation of a patient with an incomplete case of the Kearns–Sayre syndrome is presented. The complexity of diagnosis and the range of differential diagnostic search as well as approaches to treatment with the use of neurotrophic factors are widely discussed in the research

PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE SKIN OF RATS IN THE MODELLING OF A THERMAL BURN

Aim. The study was designed to perform a complex examination of the dynamics of the activity of protease inhibitor system along with the morphological study of cell and tissue components of the skin regeneration in the modelling of the 2nd degree thermal burn in rats.Materials and methods. The studies were conducted on 40 mature male Wistar rats. We determined the trypsin-like, elastase-like, antitrypsin activity and acid-stable inhibitors of proteinases in supernatants of homogenates of the skin of rats after the modelling of a burn injury by the enzymatic methods. The wound healing process was evaluated based on the macroscopic, histological examination with the general staining by hematoxylin and eosin, van Gieson’s picrofuchsin, and transmission electron microscopy.Results. The complex analysis of the skin regeneration revealed the role of the enzymatic reactions and the inflammatory microenvironment in the development of pathogenetic and morphological tissue changes in the dynamics of wound healing. The homeostasis of proteinase-inhibitory system was accompanied by both local and systemic disorders. The nonspecific proteinases occupied the key positions among the mediators of the biochemical alteration. The dynamics of changes was characterized by a powerful proteolysis with a progressive depletion of the inhibitory potential, which caused the development of a secondary-alterative process. The launch of the cascade of the inflammatory responses led to the disruption of the microcirculation and the damage of the blood-tissue barriers, the proteolytic destruction of the connective fibers, the formation of an edema and the disruption of the regenerative capacity of a damaged tissue. Morphological destructive changes in the skin remained up to 7-14 days, a decreased regenerative ability of the skin was manifested by a violation of the proliferation and differentiation of the epidermis. According to the electron microscopy, the phenomenon of tissue and intracellular edema, lesions of the microcirculatory bed, leukocyte-macrophage infiltration persisted up to 14 days of the experiment. The disruptions of the structure of the intercellular contacts between epidermocytes, macrophages in the dermis and many newly formed collagen fibers were still noticeable by the 14th day. Conclusion. The results of the study showed the progressive development of the destructive reactions after the modelling of 2nd degree thermal burn. There was an increase in the level of proteolytic activity on the background of depletion of the inhibitory potential. There was the persistence of the alterative changes in the skin up to 7-14 days and the complication of the reparative processes with suppuration, impaired proliferation and differentiation of the epidermis. The performed investigation is important for the determination of further ways of pathogenetic correction

Placental growth factor and apoptosis as early prognostic factor of placental insufficiency

Filonenko T.G., Davydova A.A., Ermola Yu.A., Nechiporenko G.V., Shalanin V.V., Syurina N.A., Menshikova O.P., Kuzmin M.N., Fedotov V.V., Beketov A.A. Placental growth factor and apoptosis as early prognostic factor of placental insufficiency. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(1):69-74. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13990 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%281%29%3A69-74 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/527851 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13990 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011 – 2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive   Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.06.2014. Revised 05.10.2014. Accepted: 25.12.2014.   PLACENTAL GROWTH FACTOR AND APOPTOSIS AS EARLY PROGNOSTIC FACTOR OF PLACENTAL INSUFFICIENCY   Filonenko T.G., Davydova A.A., Ermola Yu.A., Nechiporenko G.V., Shalanin V.V., Syurina N.A., Menshikova O.P., Kuzmin M.N., Fedotov V.V., Beketov A.A.   Departement of pathomorphology. State Institution “Crimea State Medical University named after S.I. Georgievsky”, Simferopol, Crimea Republic, Russian Federation   Summary Aim is to determine and measurement of placenta growth factor (PLGF), to demonstrate apoptosis in the human placenta in normal and abnormal pregnancies would usefully predict subsequent placental insufficiency. Clinico-functional evaluation of fetoplacental complex and definition of placental growth factor (PLGF) activity in serum of 55 pregnant women has been carried out. Histological verification of chronic placental insufficiency showed 3 types of patients: Compensatory chronic placental insufficiency, Subcompensatory and Subcompensatory with acute decompensation. Immunohistochemically a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the expression of antybodies: marker of angiogenesis - CD34 , of apoptosis - P53 and antiapoptotic protein bcl2. Calculation of number of positive cells on 3-d visual areas of slide (200 magnification) took place. Comparing information of indexes of level of PLGF in the whey of blood, indexes of CD34 positive vessels and apoptosis it is possible to suppose that the investigated data show the dynamics of pathomorphologic changes in a placenta at chronic placenta insufficiency and can be diagnostic criteria.   Key words: human placenta, abnormal pregnancies, angiogenesis, apoptosis