Concave grating spectrometer Patent

Concave grating spectrometer for use in near and vacuum ultraviolet region

Structural behaviour of tapered rods subjected to axial compressive loads in the post-buckling range

The equation governing the behaviour of rods of variable cross-section subjected to compressive load" is deduced using the classical assumption-that the plane sectioIis of the rod before bending remain plane even after bending; the stress-strain relationship can be either the conventional Ramberg-Osgood Law or the alternative form developed by Rao and Krishna Murthy; the deformations are considered to be large, 'The governing equation is nonlinear and an iterative' method is used to obtain numerical results. A dass of rods whose variation of the cross-section ,can be represented by I=I0(1-βS)n(where s is the curvilinear coordinate) are considered to study,the post-buckling behnviour. Numerical results have been obtained for various values of the geometric parameters involved in the problem, and the results are in good agreement with those available in the literature

Marine fish calendar. V. Kakinada

The current article provides the marine fish landing data of various gears at Kakinada landing centre, Andhrapradesh. Data of the period I98l-'85 from the trawlers and 1980-'82 from indigenous gear and published information on different species from Kakinada are used for the present fish calendar

The New Economic Policy and Perspective for Marine Fisheries Research and Development in India

The New Economic Policy and Perspective for Marine Fisheries Research and Development in Indi

Relation between outgoing longwave radiation and findlater jet over Arabian Sea during summer monsoon and influence on Indian monsoon rainfall

428-435This work analyses the relationship between outgoing Longwave radiation (OLR) and Findlater jet (FLJ) intensities at 850 hPa pressure level and also their relation with Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR; June-September) for a period of 1997-2010 over Arabian Sea and India. FLJ is a low-level jet (LLJ) which can be observed during southwest monsoon months. This LLJ generally supports the large-scale moisture and momentum transport from ocean to atmosphere, which results in rainfall over India. FLJ and OLR are associated during the monsoon months. However FLJ (positively) and OLR (negatively) are related with ISMR. Monthly and seasonal correlation coefficients among FLJ, OLR and ISMR presented and the deviations during El Nino/La Nina are discussed. Based on this analysis we recommend that the variations in FLJ should include interannual variability in atmospheric dynamics

Poisoning and fading mechanism of grain refinement in Al-7Si alloy

The poisoning and fading mechanism of grain refinement in Al-7Si alloy has been studied in detail with the conventional (0.01%Ti or B) and higher addition levels of indigenously developed Al-3Ti, Al-5Ti, Al-3B and Al-5Ti- 1B master alloys. Results suggest that on prolonged holding the melt after the conventional addition of grain refiner to Al-7Si alloy, size of the α-Al dendrites increases (fading), which could be due to the dissolution/settling of TiAl3 and AlB2 particles. However, vigorous agitation of the melt after prolonged holding (120s min.), can partly bring back the particles into the liquid melt and acts as heterogeneous nucleating sites to some limited extents (120s min. sample). In addition, the conventional addition (0.2 wt%) of Ti-rich Al-3Ti, Al-5Ti and Al-5Ti-1B master alloy to Al-7Si alloy, the Si from the melt reacts with grain refining constituents (TiAl3) and formation of titanium silicide and coats on the surface of the TiAl3 particles and poisons the effectiveness of the nuclei. However, the higher addition level of these master alloy or B-rich Al-3B master alloys can overcome poisoning effect of Al-7Si alloy

Observed changes in ocean acidity and carbon dioxide exchange in the coastal Bay of Bengal – a link to air pollution

Variations in surface water hydrographic properties and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) were evaluated in the coastal Bay of Bengal using observations carried out during March–April 1991 and 2011, including 8 yr monthly time-series observations during 2005 and 2013. The coastal Bay of Bengal is characterised by relatively fresher, more basic and lower pCO2 in 1991 compared to 2011. The rates of decrease in pH, increase in DIC and pCO2 per decade were consistent with global trends in the Southwestern (SW) coastal Bay of Bengal, whereas rates in the Northwestern (NW) coastal Bay of Bengal were observed to be 3–5 times higher. The associated recent increase in sulphate and nitrogen aerosol loadings over NW Bay of Bengal from the Indo-Gangetic Plain and Southeast Asia during winter and spring may be mainly responsible for the increased acidity in recent years. Thus, this region, which was previously considered to be a significant sink for atmospheric CO2, now seems to have become a source of CO2 to the atmosphere

Friend murine leukemia virus-immortalized myeloid cells are converted into tumorigenic cell lines by Abelson leukemia virus

Friend murine leukemia virus (Fr-MuLV) is a replication-competent murine retrovirus that induces acute nonlymphocytic leukemias in NFS/n mice. Fr-MuLV disease is divided into two stages based on the ability of the leukemia cells to grow in culture and transplant into syngeneic mice. Hematopoietic cells taken from the early stage of disease after Fr-MuLV infection grow as immortal myeloid cell lines in the presence of WEHI-3 cell-conditioned medium (CM) or interleukin 3. These growth factor-dependent cell lines do not grow in culture in the absence of CM and do not form tumors in syngeneic animals. If these Fr-MuLV-infected cells are superinfected with Abelson murine leukemia virus (Ab-MuLV), they lose their dependence on WEHI-3 CM and proliferate in culture in the absence of exogenous growth factors. Concomitant with the loss of growth factor dependence in culture, the Ab-MuLV-infected cell lines become tumorigenic in syngeneic mice. This secondary level of transformation is Ab-MuLV specific. Fr-MuLV-immortalized myeloid cell lines superinfected with Harvey murine sarcoma virus (Ha-MuSV) or amphotropic virus remain dependent on WEHI-3 CM for growth in vitro and are not tumorigenic in vivo. Neither Ab-MuLV- nor Ha-MuSV-infected normal mouse myeloid cell cultures produce growth factor-independent or tumorigenic cell lines. We conclude that at least two genetic events are needed to convert a murine myeloid precursor into a tumorigenic cell line. The first event occurs in Fr-MuLV-infected mice, generating cells that are growth factor dependent but immortal in vitro. The second event, which can be accomplished by Ab-MuLV infection, converts these immortal myeloid precursors into growth factor-independent and tumorigenic cells

Cosmogenic effects in Mbale chondrite

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