Research on the Mechanism and Kinetics of Oxidation of Silicon in Air Second Semiannual Report, 1 Dec. 1965 - 31 May 1966

Ellipsometer studies of oxide thin film growth on silicon in ai

A new spectrophotometric method for the determination of Baygon in environment and biological samples

A sensitive, selective, cheaper and extractive spectrophotometeric method has been developed for the detection and determination of Baygon in fruits, vegetables, and grains is based on the coupling of their hydrolysation products with diazotized aniline. The dyes formed are measured at 450nm for Baygon after extraction in chloroform. Beer’s law is obeyed over concentration ranges of 0.8-5.0µg. The Molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity were found to be 9.7×105 L mol-1 cm-1 and 0.5×10-4 µg cm-2 respectively. The standard deviation and relative standard deviation were observed as ± 0.00336 and 0.0145% respectively. Various important analytical parameters were evaluated. The method was applied successfully to the determination of Baygon in water, grain, fruits, plant material and biological sample

Perverse Filtrations via Brylinski-Radon transformations

In this article, we prove the $t$-exactness of a Brylinski-Radon transformation taking values in sheaves on flag varieties. This implies several weak Lefschetz type results for cohomology. In particular, we obtain de Cataldo-Migliorini's P=Dec(F) and Beilinson's basic lemma, the latter was an important ingredient in their proof of P=Dec(F). Our methods also allow the sharpening of Esnault-Katz's cohomological divisibility theorem and estimates for the Hodge level. Finally, we upgrade P=Dec(F) to an equivalence of functors which is also valid over a base.Comment: Comments are welcome

Comment to the SEC in Support of the Enhanced Disclosure of Patent and Technology License Information

Intangible assets like IP constitute a large share of the value of firms, and the US economy generally. Accurate information on the intellectual property (IP) holdings and transactions of publicly-traded firms facilitates price discovery in the market and reduces transaction costs. While public understanding of the innovation economy has been expanded by a large stream of empirical research using patent data, and more recently trademark information this research is only as good as the accuracy and completeness of the data it builds upon. In contrast with information about patents and trademarks, good information about IP licensing is much less publicly available. Although IP royalties provide large in-bound trade flows to the United States, remarkably little is known about the economic realities of IP transactions. But not only are licensing royalties economically impactful, but building a better understanding of how markets for technology operate in a modern, innovation economy is important for the transparency of markets, and to the public and policy-makers. Open data on innovation is currently siloed, fragmented, and unfedeRrarated across a number of repositories (some electronic and others physical) including the Administrative Office of the Courts, Secretary of State Offices, Copyright Office, IRS, USPTO, SEC, FDA, NSF, SBA and others, raising search and discovery costs and undermining the goals of open data. Data on “comparables” tend to be thin in the industry, a situation that may offer a sub-optimal market environment for startup firms: these young entities often rely on selling intangibles, but have low bargaining power, and limited resources to invest in search and price discovery. Disclosures of material licenses and intellectual property information to the SEC addresses a number of existing gaps, with the potential to play an expanded role. In fact, IP license information is not widely available to the public through any other federal agency, even in cases where the IP was federally funded. Thus the IP license information available through the SEC is an invaluable resource to the public. One major limitation with the existing SEC licensing information, however, is that it is often difficult to find and manipulate. An impediment arises since the data are not tagged or designed to be easily combined with other information sources. One of us, for example, has sought to determine which firms have SEC-registered patent licenses over a period of time for the purpose of establishing a public database of licenses obtained through FOIA requests. However, there is no straightforward way for the public to search for this information, in the SEC record or otherwise. The overall thrust of our comments is to commend the SEC on the valuable disclosures its requirements encourage and to recommend preserving and augmenting, rather than diminishing them, in order to 1) produce more useful data and 2) reduce the costs of discovering and using existing data disclosed to the SEC. In many cases, an SEC requirement will not require reporting entities to create new information (e.g., when disclosing patents or licenses) but it will greatly reduce the costs to third parties of searching for this information

Comment to the SEC in Support of the Enhanced Disclosure of Patent and Technology License Information

Intangible assets like IP constitute a large share of the value of firms, and the US economy generally. Accurate information on the intellectual property (IP) holdings and transactions of publicly-traded firms facilitates price discovery in the market and reduces transaction costs. While public understanding of the innovation economy has been expanded by a large stream of empirical research using patent data, and more recently trademark information this research is only as good as the accuracy and completeness of the data it builds upon. In contrast with information about patents and trademarks, good information about IP licensing is much less publicly available. Although IP royalties provide large in-bound trade flows to the United States, remarkably little is known about the economic realities of IP transactions. But not only are licensing royalties economically impactful, but building a better understanding of how markets for technology operate in a modern, innovation economy is important for the transparency of markets, and to the public and policy-makers. Open data on innovation is currently siloed, fragmented, and unfedeRrarated across a number of repositories (some electronic and others physical) including the Administrative Office of the Courts, Secretary of State Offices, Copyright Office, IRS, USPTO, SEC, FDA, NSF, SBA and others, raising search and discovery costs and undermining the goals of open data. Data on “comparables” tend to be thin in the industry, a situation that may offer a sub-optimal market environment for startup firms: these young entities often rely on selling intangibles, but have low bargaining power, and limited resources to invest in search and price discovery. Disclosures of material licenses and intellectual property information to the SEC addresses a number of existing gaps, with the potential to play an expanded role. In fact, IP license information is not widely available to the public through any other federal agency, even in cases where the IP was federally funded. Thus the IP license information available through the SEC is an invaluable resource to the public. One major limitation with the existing SEC licensing information, however, is that it is often difficult to find and manipulate. An impediment arises since the data are not tagged or designed to be easily combined with other information sources. One of us, for example, has sought to determine which firms have SEC-registered patent licenses over a period of time for the purpose of establishing a public database of licenses obtained through FOIA requests. However, there is no straightforward way for the public to search for this information, in the SEC record or otherwise. The overall thrust of our comments is to commend the SEC on the valuable disclosures its requirements encourage and to recommend preserving and augmenting, rather than diminishing them, in order to 1) produce more useful data and 2) reduce the costs of discovering and using existing data disclosed to the SEC. In many cases, an SEC requirement will not require reporting entities to create new information (e.g., when disclosing patents or licenses) but it will greatly reduce the costs to third parties of searching for this information

Dynamical complexities in a tri-trophic hybrid food chain model with Holling type II and Crowley–Martin functional responses

We study how predator behavior influences community dynamics of predatorprey systems. It turns out that predator behavior plays a dominant role in community dynamics. The hybrid model studied in this paper reveals that period-doubling and period-doubling reversals can generate short-term recurrent chaos (STRC), which mimics chaotic dynamics observed in natural populations. STRC manifests itself when deterministic changes in a system parameter interrupt chaotic behavior at unpredictable intervals. Numerical results reinforce an earlier suggestion that period-doubling reversals could control chaotic dynamics in ecological models. In ecological terms, the prey and intermediate predator populations may go to extinction in the event of a catastrophe. The top predator is always a survivor. In contrast to this, this is not the case when the constituent populations are interacting through Holling type II functional response. Even this top predator can go to extinction in the event of such catastrophes

Frequency-dependent Lg attenuation in the Indian Platform

We use seismograms from regional earthquakes recorded on digital seismographs in peninsular India to determine the frequency-dependent Q of Lg for the Indian platform. We measure Lg attenuation by determining the decay of spectral amplitudes with distance. The available data suggest some spatial variation in attenuation but a much denser ray-path coverage would be required to validate such observations. We, therefore, combine all the measurements of overlapping regions that span both the shield and intervening terranes to obtain an average value of attenuation for the Indian platform: Lg–Q = 665 ± 10 with the frequency exponent n = 0.67 ± 0.03. This average value of Lg attenuation for the Indian platform is similar to the average for other stable regions of the globe

Heavy Flavour Baryons in Hyper Central Model

Heavy flavor baryons containing single and double charm (beauty) quarks with light flavor combinations are studied using the hyper central description of the three-body problem. The confinement potential is assumed as hyper central coulomb plus power potential with power index $\upsilon$. The ground state masses of the heavy flavor, $J^P={1/2}^+$ and ${3/2}^+$ baryons are computed for different power index, $\nu$ starting from 0.5 to 2.0. The predicted masses are found to attain a saturated value in each case of quark combinations beyond the power index $\nu=1.0$.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure