3,501 research outputs found
Weak Wave Turbulence Scaling Theory for Diffusion and Relative Diffusion in Turbulent Surface Waves
We examine the applicability of the weak wave turbulence theory in explaining
experimental scaling results obtained for the diffusion and relative diffusion
of particles moving on turbulent surface waves. For capillary waves our
theoretical results are shown to be in good agreement with experimental
results, where a distinct crossover in diffusive behavior is observed at the
driving frequency. For gravity waves our results are discussed in the light of
ocean wave studies.Comment: 5 pages; for related work visit http://www.imedea.uib.es/~victo
Weak compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in the solar corona
This Letter presents a calculation of the power spectra of weakly turbulent
Alfven waves and fast magnetosonic waves ("fast waves") in low-beta plasmas. It
is shown that three-wave interactions transfer energy to high-frequency fast
waves and, to a lesser extent, high-frequency Alfven waves. MHD turbulence is
thus a promising mechanism for producing the high-frequency waves needed to
explain the anisotropic heating of minor ions in the solar corona.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted, Phys. Rev. Let
Quantum Many-Body Dynamics of Dark Solitons in Optical Lattices
We present a fully quantum many-body treatment of dark solitons formed by
ultracold bosonic atoms in one-dimensional optical lattices. Using
time-evolving block decimation to simulate the single-band Bose-Hubbard
Hamiltonian, we consider the quantum dynamics of density and phase engineered
dark solitons as well as the quantum evolution of mean-field dark solitons
injected into the quantum model. The former approach directly models how one
may create quantum entangled dark solitons in experiment. While we have already
presented results regarding the latter approach elsewhere [Phys. Rev. Lett.
{\bf 103}, 140403 (2009)], we expand upon those results in this work. In both
cases, quantum fluctuations cause the dark soliton to fill in and may induce an
inelasticity in soliton-soliton collisions. Comparisons are made to the
Bogoliubov theory which predicts depletion into an anomalous mode that fills in
the soliton. Our many-body treatment allows us to go beyond the Bogoliubov
approximation and calculate explicitly the dynamics of the system's natural
orbitals.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures -- v3 has only minor changes from v2 -- this is
the print versio
Collapse and stable self-trapping for Bose-Einstein condensates with 1/r^b type attractive interatomic interaction potential
We consider dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates with long-range attractive
interaction proportional to and arbitrary angular dependence. It is
shown exactly that collapse of Bose-Einstein condensate without contact
interactions is possible only for . Case is critical and requires
number of particles to exceed critical value to allow collapse. Critical
collapse in that case is strong one trapping into collapsing region a finite
number of particles.
Case is supercritical with expected weak collapse which traps rapidly
decreasing number of particles during approach to collapse. For
singularity at is not strong enough to allow collapse but attractive
interaction admits stable self-trapping even in absence of external
trapping potential
Photon emission from bare quark stars
We investigate the photon emission from the electrosphere of a quark star. It
is shown that at temperatures T\sim 0.1-1 MeV the dominating mechanism is the
bremsstrahlung due to bending of electron trajectories in the mean Coulomb
field of the electrosphere. The radiated energy for this mechanism is much
larger than that for the Bethe-Heitler bremsstrahlung. The energy flux from the
mean field bremsstrahlung exceeds the one from the tunnel e^{+}e^{-} pair
creation as well. We demonstrate that the LPM suppression of the photon
emission is negligible.Comment: 35 pages, 5 figure
Variational approach for the quantum Zakharov system
The quantum Zakharov system is described in terms of a Lagrangian formalism.
A time-dependent Gaussian trial function approach for the envelope electric
field and the low-frequency part of the density fluctuation leads to a coupled,
nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations. In the semiclassic case,
linear stability analysis of this dynamical system shows a destabilizing r\^ole
played by quantum effects. Arbitrary value of the quantum effects are also
considered, yielding the ultimate destruction of the localized, Gaussian trial
solution. Numerical simulations are shown both for the semiclassic and the full
quantum cases.Comment: 6 figure
Critical density of a soliton gas
We quantify the notion of a dense soliton gas by establishing an upper bound
for the integrated density of states of the quantum-mechanical Schr\"odinger
operator associated with the KdV soliton gas dynamics. As a by-product of our
derivation we find the speed of sound in the soliton gas with Gaussian spectral
distribution function.Comment: 7 page
Partially integrable systems in multidimensions by a variant of the dressing method. 1
In this paper we construct nonlinear partial differential equations in more
than 3 independent variables, possessing a manifold of analytic solutions with
high, but not full, dimensionality. For this reason we call them ``partially
integrable''. Such a construction is achieved using a suitable modification of
the classical dressing scheme, consisting in assuming that the kernel of the
basic integral operator of the dressing formalism be nontrivial. This new
hypothesis leads to the construction of: 1) a linear system of compatible
spectral problems for the solution of the integral equation in 3
independent variables each (while the usual dressing method generates spectral
problems in 1 or 2 dimensions); 2) a system of nonlinear partial differential
equations in dimensions (), possessing a manifold of analytic
solutions of dimension (), which includes one largely arbitrary relation
among the fields. These nonlinear equations can also contain an arbitrary
forcing.Comment: 21 page
Solitary waves of Bose-Einstein condensed atoms confined in finite rings
Motivated by recent progress in trapping Bose-Einstein condensed atoms in
toroidal potentials, we examine solitary-wave solutions of the nonlinear
Schr\"odinger equation subject to periodic boundary conditions. When the
circumference of the ring is much larger than the size of the wave, the density
profile is well approximated by that of an infinite ring, however the density
and the velocity of propagation cannot vanish simultaneously. When the size of
the ring becomes comparable to the size of the wave, the density variation
becomes sinusoidal and the velocity of propagation saturates to a constant
value.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure
Long-distance radiative corrections to the di-pion tau lepton decay
We evaluate the model-dependent piece of O(alpha) long-distance radiative
corrections to tau^- \to \pi^- \pi^0\nu_{\tau} decays by using a meson
dominance model. We find that these corrections to the di-pion invariant mass
spectrum are smaller than in previous calculations based on chiral perturbation
theory. The corresponding correction to the photon inclusive rate is tiny
(-0.15%) but it can be of relevance when new measurements reach better
precision.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures. An estimate of the shift produced in the
evaluation of the h.v.p. contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment
is added. Version to appear in Phys. Rev.
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