Probing coherent charmonium photoproduction off light nuclei at medium energies

We demonstrate how the elementary amplitudes $\gamma N\to \Psi N$, the amplitude of the nondiagonal $J/\psi N\Leftrightarrow \psi' N$ transition, and the total $J/\psi N$ and $\psi' N$ cross sections can be determined from measurements of the coherent $J/\psi$ and $\psi'$ photoproduction off light nuclei at moderate energies. For this purpose we provide a detailed numerical analysis of the coherent charmonium photoproduction off silicon within the generalized vector dominance model (GVDM) adjusted to account for the physics of charmonium models and color transparency phenomenon.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures (color

Measurement of tensor analyzing powers in deuteron photodisintegration

New accurate measurement of tensor analyzing powers T20, T21 and T22 in deuteron photodisintegration has been performed. Wide-aperture non-magnetic detectors allowed to cover broad kinematic ranges in a single setup: photon energy = 25 to 600 MeV, proton emission angle in CM = 24 to 48 deg. and 70 to 102 deg. New data provide a significant improvement of a few existing measurements. The angular dependency of the tensor asymmetries in deuteron photodisintegration is extracted for the first time.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let

Актуальные изменения в системе фармаконадзора в России и ЕАЭС

The Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is an international organization for regional economic integration, established by the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union, which currently includes 5 countries - Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Armenia and Kyrgyzstan. The EAEU ensures the freedom of goods movement, as well as services, capital and labor, conducting a coordinated, agreed/unified economic policy. The current practice of pharmacovigilance in the EAEU is of interest to potential foreign investors and market players.The aim of this study was to analyze the recent changes in pharmacovigilance in the EAEU countries in order to adopt the strategy of the pharmaceutical industry players.Materials and methods. The regulatory base of pharmacovigilance in the EAEU countries and the unified EAEU provisions on adverse reactions (ADR) were analyzed. A critical analysis of the current periodic safety update reports (PSUR) and risk management plans (RMP) was also carried out.Results. The united EAEU drug market is a complex system that incorporates 35 regulations, including the variety of good practice guidelines regarding the circulation of medicinal products (GMP, GCP, GLP, GDP, and GVP). This group of regulations contains basic documents on the inspection of production lines, the assessment of generic equivalence, the development of biological drugs, and the pharmacovigilance (PV). Currently, the ADR reporting in the EAEU countries is at a level lower than that in Russia. The common EAEU database of identified ADRs has been already initiated, but the number of incoming signals is quite small. The most common flaws of the PSUR are the late reports, the incorrect format and contents of those; the inconsistent information about the product, different from that of Roszdravnadzor, the discrepancy between the Patients information leaflet (“Instruction for medical use”) and the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC), and the lack of important and relevant scientific and clinical information. In the EAEU, the submission of Risk Management Plan (RMP) as part of the registration dossier is required for any new medication (New Chemical Entity), including a new combination of drugs. The present article also covers other updates in the Pharmacovigilance system, regulated by the Good Pharmacovigilance practice, which entered into effect on 01.01.2017, as well as the updated tasks for harmonization within the EAEU.Conclusions. The medicinal products circulating in the EAEU have to be checked for their efficacy and safety in order to identify possible negative consequences and/or individual patient intolerance. This information will serve to warn the medical staff and patients, veterinary specialists and animal owners about potential hazards of using these products. In the near future, the Eurasian Union plans to launch a “sanitation” campaign in the pharmaceutical market and get rid of low-effective and unsafe drugs. In this respect, the issues of pharmacovigilance become particularly relevant.Евразийский экономический союз (ЕАЭС) - международная организация региональной экономической интеграции, учрежденная Договором о Евразийском экономическом союзе, в которую на текущий момент входят пять стран - Россия, Казахстан, Белоруссия, Армения и Киргизия. В ЕАЭС обеспечивается свобода движения товаров, а также услуг, капитала и рабочей силы, проведение скоординированной, согласованной или единой политики в отраслях экономики. Прежде всего для иностранных игроков рынка представляет интерес анализ существующей практики фармаконадзора, что определяет цель данной работы.Цель - анализ изменений в системе фармаконадзора в России и ЕАЭС для адаптации стратегии игроков фармацевтической индустрии.Материалы и методы. Проанализирована нормативная база фармаконадзора в странах, входящих в ЕАЭС, единая база ЕАЭС по нежелательным реакциям (НР). Проведен критический анализ сложившейся практики периодических отчетов по безопасности лекарственного средства (ПООБ), планов управления рисками (ПУР).Результаты. Общий лекарственный рынок ЕАЭС представляет собой сложную систему из 35 нормативных актов, которые включают надлежащие практики по обращению лекарственных средств (GMP, GCP, GLP, GDP, GVP). Эти нормативные документы определяют порядок инспектирования производств, подтверждение эквивалентности воспроизведенных лекарств, разработку биологических лекарственных препаратов и фармаконадзор (ФН). В странах ЕАЭС репортирование НР находится на более низком уровне, чем в России. Единая информационная база ЕАЭС данных по выявленным НР на ЛС уже начала свою работу, но количество поступивших в нее сигналов пока незначительно. Наиболее частые ошибки в ПООБ: несоответствие сроков; формы; содержания разделов; отличия информации об ЛС от таковой, полученной Росздравнадзором; отличия информации в инструкции по медицинскому применению от таковой в документе «Справочная информация по безопасности»; отсутствие важной и актуальной информации научно-клинического характера. Подача ПУР необходима в составе регистрационного досье на любой ранее незарегистрированный в ЕАЭС лекарственный препарат, в т. ч. ранее незарегистрированной комбинации. В работе приведены также другие нововведения в системе ФН, регламентированные Правилами надлежащей практики ФН, вступившими в силу 01.01.2017 г., а также актуальные задачи для гармонизации в рамках ЕАЭС на ближайшую перспективу.Заключение. Все находящиеся в обращении в ЕАЭС лекарственные препараты должны подвергаться мониторингу эффективности и безопасности для выявления возможных нежелательных последствий их применения, индивидуальной непереносимости, предупреждения медицинских работников и пациентов, а также их защиты от применения подобных лекарственных препаратов. В ближайшее время ожидается «санация» фармацевтического рынка, с которого исчезнут препараты, не подтвердившие свою эффективность, а также препараты с неблагоприятным профилем безопасности, в связи с чем вопросы, связанные с ФН, имеют особую актуальность

The effect of the FODMAP and rebamipid diet on the activity of disaccharidases in patients with enteropathy with impaired membrane digestion

Aim. To compare the effect of a diet low in fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides and polyols (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols FODMAP) and rebamipide on carbohydrate tolerance and disaccharidases activity in patients with maldigestive enteropathy (ENMP). Materials and methods. The study included 61 patients with ENMP with reduced small intestine carbohydrases. Their glucoamylase activity was 100 ng glucose/mg tissue min (quartile 53, 72), maltase 504 (quartile 258, 708), sucrase 43 (quartile 25, 58), lactase 8 (quartile 4, 20). Group 1 included 19 people on a low FODMAP diet. The 2nd group included 42 patients who were on a normal diet and received rebamipide 300 mg/day. Patients were monitored weekly for 8 weeks. Results. In 16 patients of the 1st group, abdominal pain and stool disorders decreased, in 15 patients, swelling and rumbling in the abdomen stopped. Glucoamylase activity increased to 196 (quartile 133, 446, р0.024) ng glucose/mg tissue min, maltase activity increased to 889 (quartile 554, 1555, p0.145), sucrase activity increased to 67 (quartile 43, 175, p0.039), lactase activity increased to 13 (quartile 9, 21, p0.02). After the diet was discontinued, intestinal symptoms in patients of group 1 resumed. In 27 patients of the 2nd group after 4 weeks dyspeptic manifestations decreased, in 34 patients the tolerability of products containing FODMAP improved. Continuation of treatment up to 8 weeks contributed to a further improvement in well-being. Glucoamylase activity increased after 4 and 8 weeks to 189 (quartile 107, 357, p0.013) and 203 (quartile 160, 536, p0.005), respectively; maltase up to 812 (quartile 487, 915, p0.005) and 966 (quartile 621, 2195, р0.0012); sucrases up to 60 (quartile 34, 105, p0.013) and 75 (quartile 52, 245, р=0.003); lactase up to 12 (quartile 8, 12, p0.132) and 15 ng glucose/mg tissue min (quartile 10, 20, р0.092). Conclusion. The clinical symptoms of fermentable carbohydrate intolerance and increased membrane enzyme activity are reduced by a low FODMAP diet in patients with ENMT, but clinical symptoms of food intolerance reappear when switching to a normal diet. Treatment with rebamipide improves food tolerance and consistently increases the activity of TSOTS enzymes after 4 and 8 weeks

Radio-frequency discharges in Oxygen. Part 1: Modeling

In this series of three papers we present results from a combined experimental and theoretical effort to quantitatively describe capacitively coupled radio-frequency discharges in oxygen. The particle-in-cell Monte-Carlo model on which the theoretical description is based will be described in the present paper. It treats space charge fields and transport processes on an equal footing with the most important plasma-chemical reactions. For given external voltage and pressure, the model determines the electric potential within the discharge and the distribution functions for electrons, negatively charged atomic oxygen, and positively charged molecular oxygen. Previously used scattering and reaction cross section data are critically assessed and in some cases modified. To validate our model, we compare the densities in the bulk of the discharge with experimental data and find good agreement, indicating that essential aspects of an oxygen discharge are captured.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figure

Nuclear Polarization of Molecular Hydrogen Recombined on a Non-metallic Surface

The nuclear polarization of $\mathrm{H}_2$ molecules formed by recombination of nuclear polarized H atoms on the surface of a storage cell initially coated with a silicon-based polymer has been measured by using the longitudinal double-spin asymmetry in deep-inelastic positron-proton scattering. The molecules are found to have a substantial nuclear polarization, which is evidence that initially polarized atoms retain their nuclear polarization when absorbed on this type of surfac

Measurement of Angular Distributions and R= sigma_L/sigma_T in Diffractive Electroproduction of rho^0 Mesons

Production and decay angular distributions were extracted from measurements of exclusive electroproduction of the rho^0(770) meson over a range in the virtual photon negative four-momentum squared 0.5< Q^2 <4 GeV^2 and the photon-nucleon invariant mass range 3.8< W <6.5 GeV. The experiment was performed with the HERMES spectrometer, using a longitudinally polarized positron beam and a ^3He gas target internal to the HERA e^{+-} storage ring. The event sample combines rho^0 mesons produced incoherently off individual nucleons and coherently off the nucleus as a whole. The distributions in one production angle and two angles describing the rho^0 -> pi+ pi- decay yielded measurements of eight elements of the spin-density matrix, including one that had not been measured before. The results are consistent with the dominance of helicity-conserving amplitudes and natural parity exchange. The improved precision achieved at 47 GeV, reveals evidence for an energy dependence in the ratio R of the longitudinal to transverse cross sections at constant Q^2.Comment: 15 pages, 15 embedded figures, LaTeX for SVJour(epj) document class Revision: Fig. 15 corrected, recent data added to Figs. 10,12,14,15; minor changes to tex

Лекарственный анафилактический шок

Among the major etiological factors that can cause an anaphylactic shock (AS), drugs account for 31.2-46.5%.Purpose of the work was to identify factors associated with a high AS risk based on 2010-2018 records made in the Republic of Crimea.Materials and methods. The objects of the study were 112 information reports about adverse reactions (AR) to medicine remedies (MR), which were recorded in the regional database of spontaneous information reports—ARCAD — in the Republic of Crimea during 2010-2018. A retrospective analysis of drug-induced AS cases has been carried out for the following indicators: intake and route of administration of drugs, gender, age, history of allergies.Results of the study have shown that antimicrobial drugs, local anesthetics, analgesics-antipyretics, X-ray contrast iodine-containing substances, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs featured the highest AS incidence. Most frequently, AS cases were observed in patients aged 31 to 60 years, with no significant differences between men (57 cases) and women (54 cases). In one case the patient's gender was missed or not stated.The leader in AS incidence is Ceftriaxone, which application was associated with 22 cases of such AR. In 87 cases, AS was found associated with parenteral administration drugs, the intravenous route of administration being predominant (44 cases). In 97 cases, development of drug-induced AS was life-threatening and required emergency pharmacotherapy; 8 reports contained a lethal outcome record.Conclusions. Attention should be paid to high incidence, severity, and instant progression rate of adverse reactions in the form of AS. Considering the AS progression rate and facts of ignored past history of drugs and allergies, as well as pharmacological correction errors, additional educational events are worth conducting for physicians specializing in different fields.Среди основных этиологических факторов, способных вызвать развитие анафилактического шока (АШ) у пациентов, лекарственные препараты составляют 31,2-46,5%.Цель работы — выявление факторов, ассоциированных с повышенным риском развития АШ, зарегистрированного в 2010-2018 гг. у пациентов в Республике Крым.Материалы и методы. Объектами исследования стали 112 карт-извещений о нежелательных реакциях (НР) лекарственных средств (ЛС), зарегистрированных в региональной базе спонтанных сообщений ARCADe в Республике Крым за период 2010-2018 гг. На основании карт-извещений провели ретроспективный анализ случаев возникновения лекарственного АШ по следующим показателям: прием и способ введения препаратов, пол, возраст, аллергологический анамнез.Результаты исследования показали, что лидерами по частоте развития АШ являлись противомикробные препараты местные анестетики, анальгетики-антипиретики, рентгеноконтрастные йодсодержащие вещества и нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты. Случаи развития АШ чаще всего наблюдали у пациентов в возрасте от 31 до 60 лет, у мужчин с большей частотой (57 случаев), чем у женщин (54 случая). В одном случае указания на пол пациента отсутствовали. Лидером по частоте развития случаев АШ являлся цефтриаксон, с применением которого было ассоциировано 22 случая таких НР Выявили, что в 87 случаях АШ развивался на фоне парентерального введения препаратов, среди которых преобладал внутривенный путь введения (44 случая). Развитие лекарственного АШ в 97 случаях представляло собой угрозу жизни пациента и требовало неотложной фармакотерапии, в 8 картах-извещениях содержалась информация о летальном исходе для пациентов.Выводы. Стоит обратить внимание на высокую частоту, серьезность и мгновенную скорость развития нежелательных реакций в виде АШ. Учитывая скорость развития АШ и факты игнорирования лекарственного и аллергологического анамнеза, ошибки медикаментозной коррекции следует рассмотреть возможность проведения дополнительных образовательных мероприятий для врачей разных специальностей

Fluorescence-Tagged Transgenic Lines Reveal Genetic Defects in Pollen Growth—Application to the Eif3 Complex

BACKGROUND: Mutations in several subunits of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3) cause male transmission defects in Arabidopsis thaliana. To identify the stage of pollen development at which eIF3 becomes essential it is desirable to examine viable pollen and distinguish mutant from wild type. To accomplish this we have developed a broadly applicable method to track mutant alleles that are not already tagged by a visible marker gene through the male lineage of Arabidopsis. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Fluorescence tagged lines (FTLs) harbor a transgenic fluorescent protein gene (XFP) expressed by the pollen-specific LAT52 promoter at a defined chromosomal position. In the existing collection of FTLs there are enough XFP marker genes to track nearly every nuclear gene by virtue of its genetic linkage to a transgenic marker gene. Using FTLs in a quartet mutant, which yields mature pollen tetrads, we determined that the pollen transmission defect of the eif3h-1 allele is due to a combination of reduced pollen germination and reduced pollen tube elongation. We also detected reduced pollen germination for eif3e. However, neither eif3h nor eif3e, unlike other known gametophytic mutations, measurably disrupted the early stages of pollen maturation. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: eIF3h and eIF3e both become essential during pollen germination, a stage of vigorous translation of newly transcribed mRNAs. These data delimit the end of the developmental window during which paternal rescue is still possible. Moreover, the FTL collection of mapped fluorescent protein transgenes represents an attractive resource for elucidating the pollen development phenotypes of any fine-mapped mutation in Arabidopsis

Shewanella knowledgebase: integration of the experimental data and computational predictions suggests a biological role for transcription of intergenic regions

Shewanellae are facultative γ-proteobacteria whose remarkable respiratory versatility has resulted in interest in their utility for bioremediation of heavy metals and radionuclides and for energy generation in microbial fuel cells. Extensive experimental efforts over the last several years and the availability of 21 sequenced Shewanella genomes made it possible to collect and integrate a wealth of information on the genus into one public resource providing new avenues for making biological discoveries and for developing a system level understanding of the cellular processes. The Shewanella knowledgebase was established in 2005 to provide a framework for integrated genome-based studies on Shewanella ecophysiology. The present version of the knowledgebase provides access to a diverse set of experimental and genomic data along with tools for curation of genome annotations and visualization and integration of genomic data with experimental data. As a demonstration of the utility of this resource, we examined a single microarray data set from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 for new insights into regulatory processes. The integrated analysis of the data predicted a new type of bacterial transcriptional regulation involving co-transcription of the intergenic region with the downstream gene and suggested a biological role for co-transcription that likely prevents the binding of a regulator of the upstream gene to the regulator binding site located in the intergenic region