19 research outputs found
Developing an algorithm for rapid assessment of living standards and quality of life of the population in the region
The article presents the rapid assessment methodology that allows analysts to carry out qualitative monitoring of the living standards of the population using a wide range of methods for statistics processing (factor analysis, cluster analysis, discriminant analysis, method of combining indicators of different dimensions). This methodology is characterized by the high speed of mathematical calculations, availability to users with different skill levels and universal applicability to various study objects. The rapid assessment method is intended for screening the living standards of the population and activity quality of the territorial authorities, taking into account a different set of indicators. This article offers the authorβs indicator system for assessing the living standards and quality of life of the population. The methodology algorithm describes flowcharts of the index method for combining statistical observations of different dimensions, which make it possible to automate the process of territory ranking. The study covers 12 urban districts and 43 municipal districts of Rostov Oblast. The methodology described in the article will help eliminate a subjective factor while monitoring, rationally distribute financial resources allocated annually by the authorities to support programs for socio-economic development of the territory, increase the economic efficiency and implementation speed of innovative projects that have a direct impact on the living standards and quality of life of the population
ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² III ΠΈ IV Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π· Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ² ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠΌΡΡΡ, ΡΠΊΡ ΠΌΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ, Π°Π»ΡΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡ, Π»Π°Π½ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π· ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΏΡΠ²Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ². Π€ΡΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½Ρ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ· Π·Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΡΡΠΎΡ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΡ, ΠΠ§-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡΠΉΠ½Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ-ΠΉΠΎΠ½ΡΠ². Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΌΡΡΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΡ Π· ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΌΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ 1-3,2 Π½ΠΌ ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Π΅Ρ 242-432 ΠΌΒ²/Π³. Π Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΠ§-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΡΠ·ΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Π»Π°Π½ΡΠ°Π½Π²ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π· Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠΊ Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏ. ΠΡΠ΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ, Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π±ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π°ΠΌΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±βΡΠΌΠ½Ρ ΡΠΌΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Al(OH)β-La(OH)β, Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎ 9 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π³ Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ° 6 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π³ Ρ Π»ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΌΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ-ΠΉΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ 522,5 ΠΌΠ³/Π³ (ΠΏΡΠΈ pH β 2,5) Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Al(OH)β-La(OH)β ΡΠ° 294,5 ΠΌΠ³/Π³ (ΠΏΡΠΈ pH β 9) Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Al(OH)β-Ce(OH)β.Binary mixtures containing hydrous oxides of titanium, aluminum, lanthanum, and cerium with various ratio of ingredients have been synthesized by means of co-precipitation method from water solutions. The physical and chemical properties of the target materials have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, IR spectroscopy, porosity studies and pH titration. The sorption affinity of binary mixtures towards phosphate ions has been studied. The synthesized binary mixtures have a mezoporous structure with the pore size of 1-3,2 nm and the specific surface area of 242-432 mΒ²/g. IR spectroscopy has shown that a mechanism of removal of phosphates with water solution by lanthanum containing materials is caused by the anion exchange process with participation of hydroxyl groups. pH titration has shown that binary mixtures are ampholytes. The mixture of Al(OH)β-La(OH)β has the maximal exchange capacity of 9 mmol/g in acidic media and 6 mmol/g in alkaline media. Maximal exchange capacities towards phosphate ions are 522,5 mg/g (pH β 2,5) for Al(OH)β-La(OH)β and 294,5 mg/g (pH β 9) for Al(OH)β-Ce(OH)β.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π°, Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ, Π»Π°Π½ΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². Π€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ, ΠΠ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ-ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ. Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ 1-3,2 Π½ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ 242-432 ΠΌΒ²/Π³. Π‘ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΠ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π»Π°Π½ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ Π°Π½ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ. Π‘ΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π°ΠΌΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Al(OH)β-La(OH)β, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 9 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π³ Π² ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ 6 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π³ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ
. ΠΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ-ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ 522,5 ΠΌΠ³/Π³ (ΠΏΡΠΈ pH β 2.5) Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Al(OH)β-La(OH)β ΠΈ 294,5 ΠΌΠ³/Π³ (ΠΏΡΠΈ pH β 9) Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Al(OH)β-Ce(OH)β
Π‘ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π° (ΠΠΠ) ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ FeOOH (Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ Π·Π°Π»ΡΠ·Π°), Ξ±-FeOOH (Π³Π΅ΡΠΈΡ) Ρ Ξ³-FeOOH (Π»Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠΊΡΡ). Π€ΡΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ· Π·Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠ-ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Ξ±-FeOOH Ρ Ξ³-FeOOH ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΊ FeOOH Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡΠΉΠ½Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ³ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Π·Π°Π»ΡΠ·Π° ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ-ΠΉΠΎΠ½ΡΠ². Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ³ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π·Π°Π»ΡΠ·Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ 2 Π½ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ FeOOH (Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ)Ρ Ξ³-FeOOH ΡΠ° 16 Π½ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Ξ±-FeOOH. ΡΠ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΠΎ FeOOH (Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ) Ρ Π°ΠΌΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ· ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΌΠ½ΡΡΡΡ 3 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π³ Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ° 3,5 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π³ Ρ Π»ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ»ΡΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡ Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ³ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Π·Π°Π»ΡΠ·Π° ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ-ΠΉΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² Π²ΠΈΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π°, ΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ FeOOH (Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ), ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡΠΉΠ½Π° ΡΠΌΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΡ 237,5 ΠΌΠ³/Π³ Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌΡ Ρ 104,5 ΠΌΠ³/Π³ Ρ Π»ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
.By means of precipitation method FeOOH (amorphous ferric oxyhydrate), Ξ±-FeOOH (goethite) and Ξ³-FeOOH (lepidocrocite) have been synthesized. Physical-and-chemical parameters of the synthesized compounds have been characterized using X-ray diffraction, porosity studies, pH titration. With the aid of XRD it was found that Ξ±-FeOOH and Ξ³-FeOOH have crystalline structure, while FeOOH is amorphous. The sorption affinity of ferric oxyhydrates of various crystalline structure towards phosphate ions has been studied. The synthesized oxyhydrates have a mezoporous structure with the pore size of 2 nm for FeOOH (amorphous), Ξ³-FeOOH and 16 nm for Ξ±-FeOOH. ΡΠ titration has shown that FeOOH (amorphous) is an ampholite with the maximal exchange capacity of 3 mmol/g in acidic media and 3,5 mmol/g in alkaline media. The comparison of the sorption affinity of the ferric oxyhydrates with various crystalline structures towards phosphate ions shows that FeOOH (amorphous) has the best parameters, and its sorption capacity reaches 237,5 mg/g in acidic media and 104,5 mg/g in alkaline media.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ FeOOH (Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π°), Ξ±-FeOOH (Π³Π΅ΡΠΈΡ) ΠΈ Ξ³-FeOOH (Π»Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ). Π€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Ξ±-FeOOH ΠΈ Ξ³-FeOOH ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ FeOOH - Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ-ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ. Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π° ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ 2 Π½ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ FeOOH (Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ), Ξ³-FeOOH ΠΈ 16 Π½ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Ξ±-FeOOH. ΡΠ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ FeOOH (Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ) ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΌΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΡ 3 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π³ Π² ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ 3,5 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π³ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ
. Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ-ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π°, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ FeOOH (Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ), ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ Π΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ 237,5 ΠΌΠ³/Π³ Π² ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ 104,5 ΠΌΠ³/Π³ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ
Mechanical and Water Absorption Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane/Graphene Oxide Composites
Nanocomposites based on waterborne polyurethane (WPU) and graphene oxide (GO) have been synthesized and characterized. It was found that after the incorporation of GO, WPU films became mechanically more rigid, and the Youngβs modulus increased by almost six times. It is shown that the lateral size of GO sheets influences the mechanical properties of WPU/GO composites. In particular, composites with larger lateral size of GO sheets have higher values of Youngβs modulus. Additionally, if the mechanical properties are improved with the addition of GO additive, then water absorption decreases for WPU modified with small GO sheets whereas it increases for WPU modified with large GO sheets. Possible reasons for this behavior are discussed
Mechanical and Thermophysical Properties of Epoxy Nanocomposites with Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles
The introduction of nanoparticles and their homogeneous distribution in the polymer matrix, as well as their size, can have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of composite materials. In this work, we studied the mechanical characteristics of TiO2/epoxy nanocomposites with different contents and sizes of nanoparticles. The preparation of nanocomposites was carried out by a stepwise curing (at 90 and 160 Β°C) of ED-20 dianic epoxy resin in the presence of an aromatic hardener with the addition of titanium (IV) dioxide nanoparticles preliminarily synthesized by the plasma-chemical method. Ultrasonic dispersion was used to achieve a uniform distribution of nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. The chemical and phase composition, the structure of the as-synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles, and the resulting epoxy nanocomposites were characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were determined by the static tensile test, and the impact toughness was determined by the Charpy method. The glass transition temperature and thermal stability of the TiO2/epoxy nanocomposites were studied by thermal analysis methods. The formation of an interfacial layer between the TiO2 nanoparticles and an epoxy matrix has been shown for the first time by spectral methods. It is shown that the mode of curing and ultrasonic dispersion used, as well as varying the content and dispersity of the TiO2 nanoparticles, make it possible to obtain epoxy nanocomposites with simultaneously improved deformation-strength characteristics and impact strength values
Chiroplasmonic magnetic gold nanocomposites produced by one-step aqueous method using ΞΊ-carrageenan
Novel Self-Healing Metallocopolymers with Pendent 4-Phenyl-2,2β²:6β²,2β³-terpyridine Ligand: Kinetic Studies and Mechanical Properties
We report here our successful attempt to obtain self-healing supramolecular hydrogels with new metal-containing monomers (MCMs) with pendent 4-phenyl-2,2β²:6β²,2β³-terpyridine metal complexes as reversible moieties by free radical copolymerization of MCMs with vinyl monomers, such as acrylic acid and acrylamide. The resulting metal-polymer hydrogels demonstrate a developed system of hydrogen, coordination and electron-complementary ΟβΟ stacking interactions, which play a critical role in achieving self-healing. Kinetic data show that the addition of a third metal-containing comonomer to the system decreases the initial polymerization rate, which is due to the specific effect of the metal group located in close proximity of the active center on the growth of radicals