Synchronization transitions and sensitivity to asymmetry in the bimodal Kuramoto systems with Cauchy noise

We analyze the synchronization dynamics of the thermodynamically large systems of globally coupled phase oscillators under Cauchy noise forcings with bimodal distribution of frequencies and asymmetry between two distribution components. The systems with the Cauchy noise admit the application of the Ott-Antonsen ansatz, which has allowed us to study analytically synchronization transitions both in the symmetric and asymmetric cases. The dynamics and the transitions between various synchronous and asynchronous regimes are shown to be very sensitive to the asymmetry degree whereas the scenario of the symmetry breaking is universal and does not depend on the particular way to introduce asymmetry, be it the unequal populations of modes in bimodal distribution, the phase delay of the Kuramoto-Sakaguchi model, the different values of the coupling constants, or the unequal noise levels in two modes. In particular, we found that even small asymmetry may stabilize the stationary partially synchronized state, and this may happen even for arbitrarily large frequency difference between two distribution modes (oscillator subgroups). This effect also results in the new type of bistability between two stationary partially synchronized states: one with large level of global synchronization and synchronization parity between two subgroups and another with lower synchronization where the one subgroup is dominant, having higher internal (subgroup) synchronization level and enforcing its oscillation frequency on the second subgroup. For the four asymmetry types, the critical values of asymmetry parameters were found analytically above which the bistability between incoherent and partially synchronized states is no longer possible

Three-dimensional distribution of the magnetic field and the flux in locally magnetized two-layer ferromagnetic objects

Numerical simulation of the spatial distribution of the magnetic field and the flux in two-layer objects is executed. The possibility of measuring the depth of a highly coercive layer on a soft magnetic core by the magnetic field measured on the surface of the object in the interpolar space of a U-shaped electromagnet is theoretically and experimentally shown. © 2016 Author(s)

Digital arbitration — A useful tool in the hands of homo sapiens

Currently, general digitalization has not spared the sphere of arbitration. What are the advantages and disadvantages of introducing digital technologies, how has COVID-19 influenced the work of leading arbitration institutions, does digitalization imply the delocalization of ICA, and does a “digital arbitrator” have a future? Alexey A. Kostin and Alexander V. Grebelsky answered these and other questions from Maxim I. Inozemtsev, Editor-in-Chief of the Digital Law Journal

Monitoring of the content of manganese in soils and agricultural plants of the central Chernozem Region of Russia

The paper deals with the analysis of long-term observations of the manganese distribution in the soils of the south-western part of the Central Chernozem region of Russia in the Belgorod regio

Efficiency of Application of Liquid Fertilizer Gumavit When Sprouting Seeds

The object of this study was Gumavit, a liquid humic fertilizer based on peat. This fertilizer is obtained by cavitation dispergation of peat in a shock pulse generator and subsequent alkaline extraction from a water-peat mixture of humic acids. This study examined the effect of Gumavit on the germination energy and germination capacity of barley seeds, wheat and tomatoes, as well as its effect on plant growth and development. It was found that Gumavit did not adversely affect the germination energy and germination capacity of seeds of grain crops and tomatoes. The use of a 0.2% (of humic acids - HA) Gumavit solution had a positive effect on the sowing quality of the studied cultures’ seeds. The use of a 0.01% (of HA) solution of Gumavit to moisten sand and germinate seeds after 14 days had a positive effect on the length and mass of Favorit wheat grain sprouts; as well as a positive effect on the root mass of Favorit and Kamyshanka-3 wheat, Volgogradskii-12 barley, Volgogradskii 5/95 tomatoes and Dar Zavolzhia tomatoes. The increase in the root mass of the studied cultures can be explained by the absorption of a small fraction of humic substances by the roots of these plants, leading to an increase in the number of lateral roots and their root hairs. Keywords: Gumavit, seed treatment, germination energy, germination capacity, grain crops, tomatoes, moistening sand, length and mass of sprout

“Russian author” in 1739: Gottlieb Bayer, Ivan Taubert and the First Steps of Russian School Literary Canon

In the 1730s, the administration of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences redesigned the program of study at the Academy’s gymnasium. Their goal was to create an institution capable of preparing specialists not only for the Academy itself, but also for the civil service, which required people educated in both Russian and German. The regulation (reglament) developed by Georg Krafft in 1739, besides preserving the previous division of the gymnasium into Latin and German departments, redesigned the instruction offered by the German department to form a full curriculum, in which Russian-style instruction was as important as mastering the German language. This visionary project put together classes in which pupils whose native language was Russian would study in the same classroom as students whose native language was German, which led the Academy to develop a corpus of bilingual (German/Russian) textbooks. A key element of the syllabus was the study of “a Russian author” (analogous to the well-developed system of “reading authors” in European Latin schools), the first time this method had been introduced in a Russian school. Gottlieb Siegfried Bayer’s “Azov History” (Begebenheiten von Azow, 1736–37), translated into Russian by Ivan Taubert (1737), was chosen as the set text. The whole syllabus provided by Krafft’s 1739 gymnasium regulation, as well as the book-selling practice of the Academy in the early 1740s, makes it clear that the selection of Bayer's book was not coincidental — it corresponded well to the Russian reading public's ideas about proper verbal composition. The marginal status of verse (poetry) in this structure, combined with the actors’ attention to questions of style, provide the basis for a new narrative for Russian literary history of the 1730s, centered around the collective work of the translators of the under-studied Russian Society (Rossijskoe sobranie), established in 1735. Such a narrative would consider the whole catalogue of books published by the Academy, whether in Russian or in other languages