Data Transmission Unit and Web server Interaction to Monitor Water Distribution: A Cyber-Physical System Perspective

Cyber-Physical System (CPS) is the concept of converging physical devices with cyber systems, CPS shares environmental information globally and improves resource utilization. The major aim of our work is to use the CPS technology to overcome  improper handling and care of water supply infrastructure. Our experimental water pipileing infrastructure test bed set up at National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal (NITK), India includes analysis of water distribution in three storage tanks using minimal wireless communication technology. This requires monitoring and wireless networking of the monitored data. In order to obtain water usage of each storage tanks, we have proposed low cost customization of water pipeline infrastructure. Monitoring unit (MU) includes 865-867Mhz RF module. In this paper, we deal with the networking part of CPS to perform water monitoring  distribution in each storage tanks. Networking of CPS includes communication between Data transfer unit (DTU) and Aggregator unit (AU) used in the MU and also communication between DTU and web server unit (WS). Communication between DTU and AU involves analyzing the amount of water flow in the Inlet and Outlet of storage tanks in the campus.  The WS unit contains resultant data of water usage in each storage tanks. The extensive group of resultant data sets of water usage, obtained in each storage tanks, gives importance to data analytics. Initially, we came up with a small-scale experimental set up at NITK campus; which is then extended to large scale area. The waterflow rate graphs show average daily and monthly usage of water of each storage tank. 

Assessment of Response Time for New Multi Level Feedback Queue Scheduler

Response time is one of the characteristics of scheduler, happens to be a prominent attribute of any CPU scheduling algorithm. The proposed New Multi Level Feedback Queue [NMLFQ] Scheduler is compared with dynamic, real time, Dependent Activity Scheduling Algorithm (DASA) and Lockes Best Effort Scheduling Algorithm (LBESA). We abbreviated beneficial result of NMLFQ scheduler in comparison with dynamic best effort schedulers with respect to response time.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

(4-But­oxy­phen­yl)(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methanone

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C15H17NO2, contains two independent mol­ecules in which the dihedral angles between the pyrrole and benzene rings are 42.43 (9) and 45.70 (9)°. In both mol­ecules, the but­oxy chains are disordered over two sets of sites, with occupancy ratios of 0.701 (7):0.299 (7) and 0.869 (4):0.131 (4). Each mol­ecule forms a dimer with an inversion-related mol­ecule, through a pair of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Weak C—H⋯O inter­actions link these dimers in the crystal structure

Smart Battery Management System for Electric Vehicles

Electric vehicles are showing some promises in the automotive industry and can be the answer for mitigating carbon footprint. In the process of upgrading electric vehicles to the customer demands, battery performance serves a crucial part in deciding the performance of the electric vehicles. So, Battery Management System becomes the brains behind monitoring and controlling the battery. Real-time sensing of the battery parameters, decision-making capability to choose the type of charging, and which cell to be charged are all the functionalities of BMS. All these criteria can be assessed precisely and efficiently via processors like Raspberry pi, along with IoT and cloud computing technologies. These approaches can be used for remote accessing of the battery’s performance, which will help the customer and the company to analyse the vehicle's condition. They also help prevent battery degradation. Since IoT and cloud computing technologies are being used, if an adverse state occurs in the battery, the customer can be notified directly via their mobile. In this article, a combined technology of locally hosted processor and cloud-based decision making has been discussed to improve the battery intern Electric Vehicle’s performance

Stress Distribution and Displacement of Craniofacial Structures Following Force Application in Treatment of an Operated Bilateral Facial Cleft

Objective:The purpose of this study was to analyze the stress distribution and displacement patterns within the craniofacial structures following application of transverse and anteriorly directed forces by means of rapid maxillary expansion and reverse pull headgear, respectively, using a finite element method in a patient with bilateral cleft.Materials and Method:A finite element model was used to determine stress distribution and displacement of various craniofacial structures following application of transverse and anteriorly directed forces.Results:Maximum forward displacement was 8.07 mm at the node corresponding to the incisal edge of the upper central incisor followed by 7.95 mm at the prosthion. Maximum positive displacement lateral displacement was 3.24 mm at the node representing the premolars. The lateral and medial pterygoid plates showed maximum superior movement of about 0.95 mm and 0.79 mm, respectively. In the dentoalveolar region, the stresses were highest in the apical region of the canine. In the maxilla, point A and ANS demonstrated higher stress values compared with previous studies; both inferior and superior surfaces demonstrated high stresses in the range of 10.11 to 10.20 kg/mm2.Conclusion:Although expansion can be achieved in adolescents, displacements are noted more in the structures located anteriorly and along the midline while the posterior and lateral structures demonstrate minimal displacement but high stresses. Rapid maxillary expansion must be used judiciously in adolescents because of its far-reaching effects involving heavy stresses noted at the sphenoid bone, zygomatic bone, nasal bone, and their adjacent sutures

Microparticle-mediated transfer of the viral receptors CAR and CD46, and the CFTR channel in a CHO cell model confers new functions to target cells

Cell microparticles (MPs) released in the extracellular milieu can embark plasma membrane and intracellular components which are specific of their cellular origin, and transfer them to target cells. The MP-mediated, cell-to-cell transfer of three human membrane glycoproteins of different degrees of complexity was investigated in the present study, using a CHO cell model system. We first tested the delivery of CAR and CD46, two monospanins which act as adenovirus receptors, to target CHO cells. CHO cells lack CAR and CD46, high affinity receptors for human adenovirus serotype 5 (HAdV5), and serotype 35 (HAdV35), respectively. We found that MPs derived from CHO cells (MP-donor cells) constitutively expressing CAR (MP-CAR) or CD46 (MP-CD46) were able to transfer CAR and CD46 to target CHO cells, and conferred selective permissiveness to HAdV5 and HAdV35. In addition, target CHO cells incubated with MP-CD46 acquired the CD46-associated function in complement regulation. We also explored the MP-mediated delivery of a dodecaspanin membrane glycoprotein, the CFTR to target CHO cells. CFTR functions as a chloride channel in human cells and is implicated in the genetic disease cystic fibrosis. Target CHO cells incubated with MPs produced by CHO cells constitutively expressing GFP-tagged CFTR (MP-GFP-CFTR) were found to gain a new cellular function, the chloride channel activity associated to CFTR. Time-course analysis of the appearance of GFP-CFTR in target cells suggested that MPs could achieve the delivery of CFTR to target cells via two mechanisms: the transfer of mature, membrane-inserted CFTR glycoprotein, and the transfer of CFTR-encoding mRNA. These results confirmed that cell-derived MPs represent a new class of promising therapeutic vehicles for the delivery of bioactive macromolecules, proteins or mRNAs, the latter exerting the desired therapeutic effect in target cells via de novo synthesis of their encoded proteins

Diarrhea, Pneumonia, and Infectious Disease Mortality in Children Aged 5 to 14 Years in India

Background: Little is known about the causes of death in children in India after age five years. The objective of this study is to provide the first ever direct national and sub-national estimates of infectious disease mortality in Indian children aged 5 to 14 years. Methods: A verbal autopsy based assessment of 3 855 deaths is children aged 5 to 14 years from a nationally representative survey of deaths occurring in 2001–03 in 1?1 million homes in India. Results: Infectious diseases accounted for 58 % of all deaths among children aged 5 to 14 years. About 18 % of deaths were due to diarrheal diseases, 10 % due to pneumonia, 8 % due to central nervous system infections, 4 % due to measles, and 12 % due to other infectious diseases. Nationally, in 2005 about 59 000 and 34 000 children aged 5 to 14 years died from diarrheal diseases and pneumonia, corresponding to mortality of 24?1 and 13?9 per 100 000 respectively. Mortality was nearly 50 % higher in girls than in boys for both diarrheal diseases and pneumonia. Conclusions: Approximately 60 % of all deaths in this age group are due to infectious diseases and nearly half of these deaths are due to diarrheal diseases and pneumonia. Mortality in this age group from infectious diseases, and diarrhea i