On the governing equations for Poisson and Skellam processes time-changed by inverse subordinators

In the paper we present the governing equations for marginal distributions of Poisson and Skellam processes time-changed by inverse subordinators. The equations are given in terms of convolution-type derivatives

Основные направления совершенствования законодательства о санитарно-эпидемиологическом благополучии населения Российской Федерации

The subject. A comprehensive study of Russian legislation in the field of biological safety indicates the need to update and systematize the legal framework for protecting the health of citizens and ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population as an important part of the mechanism of legal regulation of the national security of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the article is to confirm or refute hypothesis that there is a possibility and necessity of systematization and codification of public health legislation.The methodology. The authors analyze the practice of applying international law acts regulating the prevention of the spread of dangerous infectious diseases, the conclusions and recommendations of the WHO, the UN and other international organizations, as well as Russian public health legislation.The main results, scope of application. The current problems of Russian public health legislation are investigated, problems, prospects and main directions for its improvement are considered. The issues of theory and practice of legal regulation of public administration in conditions of emergency situations of a biological nature, topical aspects of strategic planning in the field of ensuring the epidemiological safety of regions are studied. Based on the results of a study of the current state of public health legislation, the main directions for its improvement and prospects for further development are substantiated, the position of the authors on the systematization and possible codification of sectoral legislation is presented. Conclusions. Codification of public health legislation is necessary, taking into account the new goals and objectives of the strategy for ensuring biological safety, the experience of applying domestic and international health regulations in a pandemic. This type of systematization of legal norms seems to be the most appropriate for improving the efficiency of the system for ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population of the Russian Federation.Исследуются актуальные проблемы российского законодательства в области охраны здоровья и обеспечения санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия населения, в том числе вопросы теории и практики правового регулирования государственного управления в условиях чрезвычайных ситуаций биологического характера, актуальные аспекты стратегического планирования в сфере обеспечения эпидемиологической безопасности регионов. На основе анализа практики применения актов международного права, регламентирующих вопросы предупреждения распространения опасных инфекционных заболеваний, выводов и рекомендаций ВОЗ, ООН и других международных организаций, формулируются предложения по совершенствованию национального законодательства в области обеспечения биологической безопасности населения в условиях сложной эпидемиологической обстановки.По итогам исследования современного состояния законодательства о санитарно-эпидемиологическом благополучии населения обосновываются основные направления его совершенствования и перспективы дальнейшего развития, представлена позиция авторов о систематизации и возможной кодификации отраслевого законодательства

High intensity study of THz detectors based on field effect transistors

Terahertz power dependence of the photoresponse of field effect transistors, operating at frequencies from 0.1 to 3 THz for incident radiation power density up to 100 kW/cm^2 was studied for Si metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors and InGaAs high electron mobility transistors. The photoresponse increased linearly with increasing radiation power up to kW/cm^2 range. The saturation of the photoresponse was observed for all investigated field effect transistors for intensities above several kW/cm^2. The observed signal saturation is explained by drain photocurrent saturation similar to saturation in direct currents output characteristics. The theoretical model of terahertz field effect transistor photoresponse at high intensity was developed. The model explains quantitatively experimental data both in linear and nonlinear (saturation) range. Our results show that dynamic range of field effect transistors is very high and can extend over more than six orderd of magnitudes of power densities (from 0.5 mW/cm^2 to 5 kW/cm^2)

Мiжнародна наукова конференцiя “Сучасна стохастика: теорiя та застосування. V” (MSTA-V). 1-4 червня 2021

Pages of the article in the issue: 9 Language of the article: UkrainianPages of the article in the issue: 9 Language of the article: Ukrainia

Microbiological examination of aerosols and sprays

Scientific relevance. Medicinal products formulated as aerosols and sprays are increasingly used in clinical practice, which makes the control of their quality, including microbiological testing, a highly topical issue. The current regulatory standards for microbiological testing of medicines provide little information on the quality control of metereddose aerosols. Proper microbiological sampling of these medicinal products can be difficult because of their primary packaging. The specialised analytical procedures set forth in international standards require verification and standardisation before use. Medicinal products in the form of sprays, despite being free from the disadvantages of aerosols, are more susceptible to the risk of microbial contamination.Aim. The study aimed to describe specific aspects of sampling, to analyse the results of microbiological testing of aerosols and sprays, and to study the spectrum of microbial contaminants in these dosage forms.Materials and methods. The authors retrospectively analysed the microbiological quality and sterility data for 181 batches of sprays, aerosols, and other inhalation dosage forms. The data were obtained at the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products of the Ministry of Health of Russia in 2020–2022. The Microbiology Laboratory tested the dosage forms according to the specifications provided by the manufacturers. The analysts used well-established testing procedures outlined in the current pharmacopoeias of the Russian Federation and the Eurasian Economic Union.Results. The microbial counts exceeded the acceptable limits in 2.8% of the batches tested. The authors identified the microbial species that contaminated the medicinal products found to be non-compliant with regulatory requirements. Most of the non-compliant sprays that contained benzalkonium chloride as an antibacterial preservative were contaminated with Burkholderia cepacia complex species.Conclusions. The authors consider it relevant to conduct research aiming at using the findings on potential contaminants to improve microbiological testing procedures for aerosols and sprays

CONTEMPORARY ISSUES OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF BILIARY AND PANCREATICODUODENAL ORGANS DISEASES

Aim. To analyze the literary sources on the surgical treatment of diseases of the periampullary organs and highlight the contemporary and unresolved problems.Conclusion. At the current stage of medical development, it was possible to reduce mortality after pancreaticoduodenal resection of less than 5%, but the incidence of complications reaches 30-70% and does not tend to decrease. The most formidable complications are the failure of pancreaticodigestive anastomosis and pancreatic necrosis of the stump of the pancreas, the main prognostic risk factor for which is the "soft" parenchyma of the organ. The "softness" of the parenchyma, as a rule, is evaluated intraoperatively by visual examination and palpation. At present, the literature does not report research on the objective and pre-operative evaluation of this criterion. In order to prevent complications, a huge variety of technical solutions for the treatment of the distal stump of the pancreas have been proposed, but none of them can be considered unified

Исполнение наказания в виде лишения права на управление транспортным средством

The subject. The article considers the legal basis for the execution of decisions on administrative penalties in the form of disqualification from driving, as well as the prospects for the development of new legislation in the field of road traffic. The article examines the social relations that develop in the process of implementing the jurisdictional powers of the Russian State Traffic Inspectorate in ensuring road safety, preventing and suppressing offenses related to encroachment on motor vehicles, transported goods, the life and health of drivers and pedestrians.The purpose of the article is to confirm or disprove hypothesis that there are defects in Russian legislative regulation that prevent the effective execution of decisions on the disqualification from driving. They are not eliminated in the draft of the new Russian Code of Administrative Offences.The methodology of research is the provisions of the general theory of law, the modern science of administrative law and the theory of public administration. The authors used a systematic approach and formal legal analysis. The legislation of the Russian Federation and the practice of its enforcement were studied also.The main results. In accordance with paragraph 5 of Article 2 of the Russian Federal Law "On the Police", the execution of administrative penalties is one of the main activities of the police. The effectiveness of the entire proceedings in cases of administrative offenses largely depends on the execution of the adopted resolutions. The leading role in the execution of decisions on administrative penalties, in particular, related to the disqualification from driving, belongs to the internal affairs bodies. It is important to note that the execution of administrative penalties in practice is associated with certain difficulties.Conclusions. The execution of decisions on the imposition of disqualification from driving as an administrative penalty causes difficulties due to defects in legislative regulation, which are not fully resolved in the draft of the new Russian Code of Administrative Offences.Рассмотрены правовые основы исполнения постановлений об административных наказаниях в виде лишения водителя специального права, а также перспективы развития законодательства в этой сфере. Отмечено, что исполнение постановлений о назначении административного наказания в виде лишения права управления транспортным средством вызывает сложности в силу дефектов законодательного регулирования, которые не решены в полной мере и в проекте нового Кодекса Российской Федерации об административных правонарушениях

New dextran coated activated carbons for medical use

Activated carbon (AC) can be used for blood purification (hemoperfusion) to treat a range of conditions by direct perfusion of blood through an adsorbent column. The clinical effects of hemoperfusion relate to the AC adsorptive capacity, and any inflammatory response generated by direct blood contact