1,080 research outputs found
Reducing the burden of iron deficiency anemia in Cote D'Ivoire through fortification
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is highly prevalent in the Cote d'Ivoire and has severe health and economic consequences. In this paper, we apply a health economic model to quantify the burden of IDA, and the contribution of nationwide mandatory iron fortification of wheat flour and voluntary iron fortification of condiments to the reduction of this burden
Initial-boundary value problems for discrete evolution equations: discrete linear Schrodinger and integrable discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equations
We present a method to solve initial-boundary value problems for linear and
integrable nonlinear differential-difference evolution equations. The method is
the discrete version of the one developed by A. S. Fokas to solve
initial-boundary value problems for linear and integrable nonlinear partial
differential equations via an extension of the inverse scattering transform.
The method takes advantage of the Lax pair formulation for both linear and
nonlinear equations, and is based on the simultaneous spectral analysis of both
parts of the Lax pair. A key role is also played by the global algebraic
relation that couples all known and unknown boundary values. Even though
additional technical complications arise in discrete problems compared to
continuum ones, we show that a similar approach can also solve initial-boundary
value problems for linear and integrable nonlinear differential-difference
equations. We demonstrate the method by solving initial-boundary value problems
for the discrete analogue of both the linear and the nonlinear Schrodinger
equations, comparing the solution to those of the corresponding continuum
problems. In the linear case we also explicitly discuss Robin-type boundary
conditions not solvable by Fourier series. In the nonlinear case we also
identify the linearizable boundary conditions, we discuss the elimination of
the unknown boundary datum, we obtain explicitly the linear and continuum limit
of the solution, and we write down the soliton solutions.Comment: 41 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Inverse Problem
Activation of the rat hypothalamic supramammillary nucleus by food anticipation, food restriction or ghrelin administration
Nonlinear Evolution Equations Invariant Under Schroedinger Group in three-dimensional Space-time
A classification of all possible realizations of the Galilei,
Galilei-similitude and Schroedinger Lie algebras in three-dimensional
space-time in terms of vector fields under the action of the group of local
diffeomorphisms of the space \R^3\times\C is presented. Using this result a
variety of general second order evolution equations invariant under the
corresponding groups are constructed and their physical significance are
discussed
Biological Effects of Stellar Collapse Neutrinos
Massive stars in their final stages of collapse radiate most of their binding
energy in the form of MeV neutrinos. The recoil atoms that they produce in
elastic scattering off nuclei in organic tissue create radiation damage which
is highly effective in the production of irreparable DNA harm, leading to
cellular mutation, neoplasia and oncogenesis. Using a conventional model of the
galaxy and of the collapse mechanism, the periodicity of nearby stellar
collapses and the radiation dose are calculated. The possible contribution of
this process to the paleontological record of mass extinctions is examined.Comment: gzipped PostScript (filename.ps.Z), 12 pages. Final version, Phys.
Rev. Lett., in pres
A 'Multiple Lenses' Approach to Policy Change: the Case of Tobacco Policy in the UK
This article examines a period of rapid policy change following decades of stability in UK tobacco. It seeks to account for such a long period of policy stability, to analyse and qualify the extent of change, and to explain change using a 'multiple lenses' approach. It compares the explanatory value of policy network models such as punctuated equilibrium and the advocacy coalition framework, with models stressing change from 'above and below' such as multi-level governance and policy transfer. A key finding is that the value of these models varies according to the narrative of policy change that we select. The article challenges researchers to be careful about assuming the nature of policy change before embarking on explanation. While the findings of the case study may vary with other policy areas in British politics, the call for clarity and lessons from multiple approaches are widely applicable
Democratic cultural policy : democratic forms and policy consequences
The forms that are adopted to give practical meaning to democracy are assessed to identify what their implications are for the production of public policies in general and cultural policies in particular. A comparison of direct, representative, democratic elitist and deliberative versions of democracy identifies clear differences between them in terms of policy form and democratic practice. Further elaboration of these differences and their consequences are identified as areas for further research
Studying complex interventions : reflections from the FEMHealth project on evaluating fee exemption policies in West Africa and Morocco
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
On Integrable Doebner-Goldin Equations
We suggest a method for integrating sub-families of a family of nonlinear
{\sc Schr\"odinger} equations proposed by {\sc H.-D.~Doebner} and {\sc
G.A.~Goldin} in the 1+1 dimensional case which have exceptional {\sc Lie}
symmetries. Since the method of integration involves non-local transformations
of dependent and independent variables, general solutions obtained include
implicitly determined functions. By properly specifying one of the arbitrary
functions contained in these solutions, we obtain broad classes of explicit
square integrable solutions. The physical significance and some analytical
properties of the solutions obtained are briefly discussed.Comment: 23 pages, revtex, 1 figure, uses epsfig.sty and amssymb.st
Continuous Limit of Discrete Systems with Long-Range Interaction
Discrete systems with long-range interactions are considered. Continuous
medium models as continuous limit of discrete chain system are defined.
Long-range interactions of chain elements that give the fractional equations
for the medium model are discussed. The chain equations of motion with
long-range interaction are mapped into the continuum equation with the Riesz
fractional derivative. We formulate the consistent definition of continuous
limit for the systems with long-range interactions. In this paper, we consider
a wide class of long-range interactions that give fractional medium equations
in the continuous limit. The power-law interaction is a special case of this
class.Comment: 23 pages, LaTe
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