Development of students' intercultural communicative tolerance in the university multilingual educational environment

Introduction. Higher education involves a complex process for the development of cognitive, social, emotional and cultural characteristics of the individual of future specialists; including forming special behavior patterns that in the future will provide competitiveness and success of employment of the university graduates. Intercultural communicative tolerance is considered to be one of the individual's significant social and professional qualities which are in demand of the modern society. The importance of intercultural communicative tolerance formation is caused not only by the processes of globalization of professional mobility in the modern world, but also the need to create comfortable coexistence of students in the university multilingual educational environment, to reduce conflicts and to prevent the clash of cultures - bearers of various systems of values and standards. The aim of the research is to reveal the role of intercultural communicative tolerance in the formation of the individual as well as to present a specially designed technology as part of “Foreign Language” learning. The relevance of this research highlights the necessity to shift the emphasis in the foreign language learning process towards practical-oriented learning targeting the development of personal qualities. Methodology and research methods. Methodological framework of the publication is based on the key conceptions of communication-oriented learning. In the process of designing and application of the authors' technology, experimental methods and the method of comparative analysis were used. Results and scientific novelty. The authors' definition to intercultural communicative tolerance is given. The urgency of formation of values and semantic attitudes towards improvement of communicative skills and corresponding world outlook objectives among students is proved. The authors described own technology of development of intercultural communicative tolerance, which is conditioned by the internationalization processes in higher education. The features of applying the technology in the process of learning a foreign language at a university were also revealed. The approbation of new methodological tools showed significantly excessive level of interpersonal and intercultural communicative competence of students which has grown due to the technology applied. Practical significance of the research is confirmed by the positive results, proving the effectiveness of applying the development technology, as well as it identifies the need to introduce similar technologies in higher education. © 2018 Obrazovanie i Nauka. All Rights Reserved

The ability of civil society to act against corruption

Actions against any acts of criminal nature should be complex. Fight against corruption as a multi aspect social phenomenon especially requires a complex approach. Each state that considers corruption as a negative social phenomenon and is willing to eliminate it, uses, maximum possible resources in compliance with political position of a ruling class. First of all, a state makes full use of legal remedies – regulative and protective (punitive). It is reasonable to make the steps in social and economic direction. However, reliance only on public law measures in terms of preventing and fighting corruption cannot be justified. The reason lies in the corruption itself, its expansion and tolerant attitude of the society. This proves the need to uproot corruption determinants not only “from the top” but from “down”, i.e. from the civil society as well. On the one hand, the society serves as a social base for corruption; on the other hand, it is the civil society that is able to control corruption and the work of public authorities in terms of corruption combat. The aim of this paper is to designate civil society as a subject fighting against corruption. The objectives are to detect the means with the help of which civil society could significantly increase efficiency in terms of combating corruption adding to governmental means. The authors of the paper applied traditional methods of criminal science. The paper presents the results of criminological studies carried out by the authors of this paper and by other researches concerning corruption combating.peer-reviewe

Structure and properties of commercially pure titanium nitrided in the plasma of a low-pressure gas discharge produced by a PINK plasma generator

The paper analyzes the surface structure and properties of commercially pure VT1-0 titanium nitrided in the plasma of a low-pressure gas discharge produced by a PINK plasma generator. The analysis demonstrates that the friction coefficient of the nitrided material decreases more than four times and its wear resistance and microhardness increases more than eight and three times, respectively. The physical mechanisms responsible for the enhancement of strength and tribological properties of the material are discussed

Aluminum surface layer strengthening using intense pulsedbeam radiation of substrate film system

The paper presents formation of the substrate film system (Zr-Ti-Cu/Al) by electric arc spraying of cathode having the appropriate composition. It is shown that the intense beam radiation of the substrate film system is accompanied by formation of the multi-phase state, the microhardness of which exceeds the one of pure A7 aluminum by = 4.5 times

Surface structure of commercially pure VT1-0 titanium irradiated by an intense pulsed electron beam

It is shown that pulsed electron beam irradiation of commercially pure titanium at a beam energy density of 10 J/cm{2}, pulse duration of 150 [mu]s, number of pulses of N=5 pulses, and pulse repetition frequency of 0.3 Hz with attendant polymorphic [alpha]->[beta]->[ alpha] transformations allows a more than five-fold decrease in the grain and subgrain sizes of the material structure

Fractography of the fatigue fracture surface of silumin irradiated by high-intensity pulsed electron beam

The surface modification of the eutectic silumin with high-intensity pulsed electron beam has been carried out. Multi-cycle fatigue tests were performed and irradiation mode made possible the increase in the silumin fatigue life more than 3.5 times was determined. Studies of the structure of the surface irradiation and surface fatigue fracture of silumin in the initial (unirradiated) state and after modification with intense pulsed electron beam were carried out by methods of scanning electron microscopy. It has been shown, that in mode of partial melting of the irradiation surface the modification process of silicon plates is accompanied by the formation of numerous large micropores along the boundary plate/matrix and microcracks located in the silicon plates. A multi-modal structure (grain size within 30-50 μm with silicon particles up to 10 μm located on the boundaries) is formed in stable melting mode, as well as subgrain structure in the form of crystallization cells from 100 to 250 μm in size). Formation of a multi-modal, multi-phase, submicro- and nanosize structure assisting to a significant increase in the critical length of the crack, the safety coefficient and decrease in step of cracks for loading cycle was the main cause for the increase in silumin fatigue life

Formation of the surface alloys by high-intensity pulsed electron beam irradiation of the coating/substrate system

The results of the analysis of the structure and properties of the surface layer of aluminum A7 subjected to alloying by the intense pulsed electron beam melting of the film / substrate system. Fold increase in strength and tribological properties of the modified surface layer due to the formation of submicro - nanoscale multiphase structure have been revealed

Combined surface modification of commercial aluminum

The paper analyzes research data on the structure and properties of surface layers of commercially pure A7-grade aluminum subjected to treatment that combines deposition of a thin metal film, intense pulsed electron beam irradiation, and nitriding in low-pressure arc plasma. The analysis shows that the combined method of surface modification provides the formation of a multilayer structure with submicro- and nano-sized phases in the material through a depth of up to 40 ?m, allowing a manifold increase in its surface microhardness and wear resistance (up to 4 and 9 times, respectively) compared to the material core. The main factors responsible for the high surface strength are the saturation of the aluminum lattice with nitrogen atoms and the formation of nano-sized particles of aluminum nitride and iron aluminides

DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATIVE TOLERANCE IN THE UNIVERSITY MULTILINGUAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

Introduction. Higher education involves a complex process for the development of cognitive, social, emotional and cultural characteristics of the individual of future specialists; including forming special behavior patterns that in the future will provide competitiveness and success of employment of the university graduates. Intercultural communicative tolerance is considered to be one of the individual’s significant social and professional qualities which are in demand of the modern society. The importance of intercultural communicative tolerance formation is caused not only by the processes of globalization of professional mobility in the modern world, but also the need to create comfortable coexistence of students in the university multilingual educational environment, to reduce conflicts and to prevent the clash of cultures – bearers of various systems of values and standards. The aim of the research is to reveal the role of intercultural communicative tolerance in the formation of the individual as well as to present a specially designed technology as part of “Foreign Language” learning. The relevance of this research highlights the necessity to shift the emphasis in the foreign language learning process towards practical-oriented learning targeting the development of personal qualities. Methodology and research methods. Methodological framework of the publication is based on the key conceptions of communication-oriented learning. In the process of designing and application of the authors’ technology, experimental methods and the method of comparative analysis were used.Results and scientific novelty. The authors’ definition to intercultural communicative tolerance is given. The urgency of formation of values and semantic attitudes towards improvement of communicative skills and corresponding world outlook objectives among students is proved. The authors described own technology of development of intercultural communicative tolerance, which is conditioned by the internationalization processes in higher education. The features of applying the technology in the process of learning a foreign language at a university were also revealed. The approbation of new methodological tools showed significantly excessive level of interpersonal and intercultural communicative competence of students which has grown due to the technology applied.Practical significance of the research is confirmed by the positive results, proving the effectiveness of applying the development technology, as well as it identifies the need to introduce similar technologies in higher education. Введение. Учебный процесс в высшей школе подразумевает развитие когнитивных, социальных, эмоциональных и культурных характеристик личности будущего специалиста, в том числе освоение конструктивных моделей поведения, которые обеспечат конкурентоспособность и успешность трудоустройства выпускника вуза. Одним из социально и профессионально значимых качеств личности, востребованных сегодня в обществе, является межкультурная коммуникативная толерантность. Важность формирования у студентов данного качества обусловлена не только процессами глобализации и активизации профессиональной мобильности в современном мире, но и необходимостью создания условий комфортного сосуществования  обучающихся в полиязычной образовательной среде, задачей снижения конфликтов и предупреждения столкновения представителей разных культур – носителей различных систем ценностей и норм. Цели публикации – раскрыть роль межкультурной коммуникативной толерантности в становлении личности и представить технологию формирования этого качества в рамках изучения дисциплины «Иностранный язык» в вузе. Актуальность изложенного в статье исследования связана со смещением акцента в методике преподавания иностранного языка на развитие личностных качеств обучающихся. Методология и методики. Методологическую базу работы составили ключевые положения концепции коммуникативно-ориентированного обучения. При разработке и апробации авторской технологии использовались опытно-экспериментальные методы и метод сравнительного анализа. Результаты и научная новизна. Предложено авторское определение межкультурной коммуникативной толерантности. Обоснована насущность формирования у студентов ценностно-смысловых установок на совершенствование коммуникативных навыков и соответствующих мировоззренческих ориентиров. Описана совместно разработанная авторами технология развития межкультурной коммуникативной толерантности, главным стимулом создания которой явилась стремительно набирающая темпы интернационализация высшей школы. Продемонстрированы особенности реализации данной технологии при обучении иностранному языку в высшем учебном заведении. Апробация нового методического инструментария показала существенно выросший благодаря применению технологии уровень межличностной и межкультурной коммуникативной компетенции студентов.Практическая значимость. Положительные результаты апробации авторской технологии позволяют сделать вывод о ее эффективности и возможности внедрения в практику подготовки специалистов в вузах.

Modification of the surface layer of the system coating (TiCuN)/substrate (A7) by an intensive electron beam

In order to study the conditions of modification of the surface layer of the system coating (TiCuN)/substrate (A7) an analysis of processes occurring in the surface layer of the system wear-resistant coating/substrate irradiated by an intensive pulsed electron beam at a submillisecond exposure time has been carried out on the example of aluminum and titanium nitride. Irradiation has been carried out under conditions ensuring melting and crystallization of the surface layer of the material by a nonequilibrium phase diagram. It has been experimentally established that irradiation of the system coating (TiCuN)/substrate (A7) by an intensive electron beam is accompanied by changes in the phase composition of the material. It is evident that nanostructuring of the aluminum layer adjacent to the coating, and formation in it of nitride phase particles will contribute to hardening of the surface layer of the material, creating a transition sublayer between a solid coating and a relatively soft volume. The carried out analysis shows that binary nitrides based on TiN1-x are most likely to form under nonequilibrium conditions, since the homogeneity range of this compound is rather large. On the other hand, formation of the ternary compound Ti3CuN, which can be formed after an arc plasma-assisted deposition of titanium nitride of the composition TiCuN and by the subsequent intensive pulsed electron beam exposure, cannot be excluded