Degradation of Textile Dye Reactive Navy – Blue Rx (Reactive blue–59) by an Isolated Actinomycete Streptomyces krainskii SUK – 5

The isolated Actinomycete, Streptomyces krainskii, SUK -5 was found to decolorize and degrade textile dye Reactive blue–59.This azo dye was decolorized and degraded completely by Streptomyces krainskii SUK–5 at 24 h in shaking condition in the nutrient medium at pH 8. Induction in the activity of Lignin Peroxidase,and NADH-DCIP Reductase and MR reductase represents their role in degradation .The biodegradation was monitored by TLC, UV vis spectroscopy, FTIR. and GCMS analysis. Microbial and phytotoxicity studies of the product were carried out

Pathogenic and Molecular Characterization of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri Causing Chickpea Wilt through ISSR Markers

In the present investigation the pathogenic and genetic variability was assayed, amongst the seven isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri (Foc) collected from different agro-climatic zones of Maharashtra State, India. The isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.ciceri were confirmed by SCAR marker which yielded 1.5 KD band. The pathogenicity of each isolate was confirmed using the wilt susceptible chickpea genotype JG-62. On the basis of pathogenic ability the isolates were grouped as highly pathogenic (FOC-2, FOC-5, FOC-6), strongly pathogenic (FOC-1,FOC-3) and moderately pathogenic (FOC-4,FOC-7). Eight Inter Simple Sequence Repeats primers (ISSRs) were used to determine the genetic variability in seven isolates Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri. The seven primers produced 80 scorable bands. Off 80 bands, 73 bands were polymorphic and average level of polymorphism was 91.25 per cent. In UPGMA analysis, Foc-1 (Wardha) was found to have higher value of similarity coefficient (0.8375) whereas Foc-2 (Lonar) was found to have lower value of similarity coefficient (0.4625). The isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.ciceri were grouped into two major clusters. First group, cluster-A includes isolates belonging to Wardha, Washim and Lonar. Second group, cluster-B includes Nashik, Ahmednagar, Rahuri and Pune. It shows that Foc-1 (Wardha) have higher value of similarity coefficient with Foc-3 (Washim) whereas Foc-2 (Lonar) have lower value of similarity coefficient with Foc-5 (Ahmednagar).The similarity matrix indicated that seven isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.ciceri exhibited in between 46-84 per cent similarity coefficient

EFFECT OF LOWER ETHANOL GASOLINE BLENDS ON PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SINGLE CYLINDER SI ENGINE

Alcohols, basically ethanol is considered as a leading alternative fuel for automotive application because of its ability to reduce the air pollution and cost of the fuel. This paper investigates the effect of lower ethanol gasoline blends (up to 20% by volume) on performance and emission characteristics of the single cylinder four stroke SI engine. Tests were carried out for power, torque, fuel consumption and brake mean effective pressure, while exhaust emissions were analyzed for CO, CO2, and HC by using different ethanol gasoline blends on volume basis at wide open throttle and variable engine speed from 4000 to 8000 rpm. Results were compared with the pure gasoline. It showed that as the ethanol content increases the power, torque, fuel consumption, brake mean effective pressure and CO2 emission while reduces HC and CO emission

Preliminary study in Irrigational quality of Groundwater sources

Abstrac

A tracking algorithm for the stable spin polarization field in storage rings using stroboscopic averaging

Polarized protons have never been accelerated to more than about $25$GeV. To achieve polarized proton beams in RHIC (250GeV), HERA (820GeV), and the TEVATRON (900GeV), ideas and techniques new to accelerator physics are needed. In this publication we will stress an important aspect of very high energy polarized proton beams, namely the fact that the equilibrium polarization direction can vary substantially across the beam in the interaction region of a high energy experiment when no countermeasure is taken. Such a divergence of the polarization direction would not only diminish the average polarization available to the particle physics experiment, but it would also make the polarization involved in each collision analyzed in a detector strongly dependent on the phase space position of the interacting particle. In order to analyze and compensate this effect, methods for computing the equilibrium polarization direction are needed. In this paper we introduce the method of stroboscopic averaging, which computes this direction in a very efficient way. Since only tracking data is needed, our method can be implemented easily in existing spin tracking programs. Several examples demonstrate the importance of the spin divergence and the applicability of stroboscopic averaging.Comment: 39 page

Transcriptome sequencing of the Microarray Quality Control (MAQC) RNA reference samples using next generation sequencing

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Transcriptome sequencing using next-generation sequencing platforms will soon be competing with DNA microarray technologies for global gene expression analysis. As a preliminary evaluation of these promising technologies, we performed deep sequencing of cDNA synthesized from the Microarray Quality Control (MAQC) reference RNA samples using Roche's 454 Genome Sequencer FLX.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We generated more that 3.6 million sequence reads of average length 250 bp for the MAQC A and B samples and introduced a data analysis pipeline for translating cDNA read counts into gene expression levels. Using BLAST, 90% of the reads mapped to the human genome and 64% of the reads mapped to the RefSeq database of well annotated genes with e-values ≤ 10^-20. We measured gene expression levels in the A and B samples by counting the numbers of reads that mapped to individual RefSeq genes in multiple sequencing runs to evaluate the MAQC quality metrics for reproducibility, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy and compared the results with DNA microarrays and Quantitative RT-PCR (QRTPCR) from the MAQC studies. In addition, 88% of the reads were successfully aligned directly to the human genome using the AceView alignment programs with an average 90% sequence similarity to identify 137,899 unique exon junctions, including 22,193 new exon junctions not yet contained in the RefSeq database.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Using the MAQC metrics for evaluating the performance of gene expression platforms, the ExpressSeq results for gene expression levels showed excellent reproducibility, sensitivity, and specificity that improved systematically with increasing shotgun sequencing depth, and quantitative accuracy that was comparable to DNA microarrays and QRTPCR. In addition, a careful mapping of the reads to the genome using the AceView alignment programs shed new light on the complexity of the human transcriptome including the discovery of thousands of new splice variants.</p

The anticancer activity of an air-stable Pd(i)-NHC (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) dimer

A new dinuclear Pd(i) complex coordinating two bis(NHC) ligands revealed an unsuspected stability despite the unsaturation of the two metal centres. Even more surprisingly, the compound showed high and selective antiproliferative activity against different cancer cell lines and ovarian cancer tumoroids, and the mechanism of action was different from that of cisplatin

The anticancer activity of an air-stable Pd(i)-NHC (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) dimer

A new dinuclear Pd(i) complex coordinating two bis(NHC) ligands revealed an unsuspected stability despite the unsaturation of the two metal centres. Even more surprisingly, the compound showed high and selective antiproliferative activity against different cancer cell lines and ovarian cancer tumoroids, and the mechanism of action was different from that of cisplatin

Quasiperiodic spin-orbit motion and spin tunes in storage rings

We present an in-depth analysis of the concept of spin precession frequency for integrable orbital motion in storage rings. Spin motion on the periodic closed orbit of a storage ring can be analyzed in terms of the Floquet theorem for equations of motion with periodic parameters and a spin precession frequency emerges in a Floquet exponent as an additional frequency of the system. To define a spin precession frequency on nonperiodic synchro-betatron orbits we exploit the important concept of quasiperiodicity. This allows a generalization of the Floquet theorem so that a spin precession frequency can be defined in this case too. This frequency appears in a Floquet-like exponent as an additional frequency in the system in analogy with the case of motion on the closed orbit. These circumstances lead naturally to the definition of the uniform precession rate and a definition of spin tune. A spin tune is a uniform precession rate obtained when certain conditions are fulfilled. Having defined spin tune we define spin-orbit resonance on synchro--betatron orbits and examine its consequences. We give conditions for the existence of uniform precession rates and spin tunes (e.g. where small divisors are controlled by applying a Diophantine condition) and illustrate the various aspects of our description with several examples. The formalism also suggests the use of spectral analysis to ``measure'' spin tune during computer simulations of spin motion on synchro-betatron orbits.Comment: 62 pages, 1 figure. A slight extension of the published versio

Long non-coding RNAs are involved in multiple immunological pathways in response to vaccination

Understanding the mechanisms of vaccine-elicited protection contributes to the development of new vaccines. The emerging field of Systems Vaccinology provides detailed information on host responses to vaccination and has been successfully applied to study the molecular mechanisms of several vaccines. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucially involved in multiple biological processes but their role in vaccine-induced immunity has not been explored. We performed an analysis of over 2,000 blood transcriptome samples from 17 vaccine cohorts to identify lncRNAs potentially involved with antibody responses to Influenza and Yellow Fever vaccines. We have created an online database where all results from this analysis can be accessed easily. We found that lncRNAs participate in distinct immunological pathways related to vaccine-elicited responses. Among them, we showed that the expression of lncRNA FAM30A was high in B-cells and correlates with the expression of Immunoglobulin genes located in its genomic vicinity. We also identified altered expression of these lncRNAs in RNA-seq data from a new cohort of children following immunization with intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccine, suggesting a common role across several diverse vaccines. Taken together, these findings provide the first evidence that lncRNAs play a significant impact on the immune responses induced by vaccination